Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Souza, João Paulo de
Data de Publicação: 2009
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR
Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1622
Resumo: The relationships among shoot inclination, light interception, photosynthetic capacity along shoot, biomass partitioning in leaves and shoots and the canopy structure were investigated in deciduous, semideciduous and evergreen tree species in Cerrado vegetation. The principal aim was to investigate the functioning and the structure of the canopies in cerrado tree species. The central hypotheses was that deciduousness is a trait strongly related to both canopy structure and functioning, and this relation could be revealed by morphological features of shoots, leaves, and by means of photosynthetic capacity along the shoot. Deciduous species produces only one cohort of leaf during the year at the end of the dry season. Slanting (plagiotropic) shoots in deciduous species could be one way to avoid the foliage self-shading since the bud unfold. One specific hypothesis was that deciduous species have plagiotropic shoots and the irradiance intensity and the photosynthetic capacity would be similar along shoot. The plagiotropic shoots in deciduous would allow high individual leaf area, high leaf area per shoot and one relationship between shoot-leaf in favor of leaves. On the other hand, the high leaf exposition to intense irradiance along shoot probably is one factor that imposes the shedding of the whole foliage at the dry season. Semideciduous and evergreen species produce leaves continuously during the year. The retention of the half of the foliage as in semideciduous even at the peak of dry season demands protection as the foliage self-shading along the shoot. Therefore, semideciduous and evergreen species have erect (orthotropic) shoots with evident foliage self-shading along the shoot. The light extinction along the orthotropic shoots could be one protection against excessive input of energy, especially in dry season. On the other hand, the dissimilar irradiance distribution along the shoot could result in significant difference about photosynthetic capacity between shaded basal and sunlit distal leaves on shoots. Semideciduous and evergreen species have higher number of canopy ramification than the deciduous species by reason of greater shoot emission at every season. This high canopy ramification in semideciduous and evergreen species could be revealed from one network representation with basic components as nodes and links. We supposed that links could be the shoots and nodes the nodal region where the shoots are emitted from the parental shoots. This representation could reveal structural differences in canopies of deciduous, semideciduous and evergreen species. These differences could be uncovered by the number of ramification and by the number of nodes in each leaf phenological group. Therefore, the link/node ratio and the frequency of shoots per node could reveal structural aspects significantly different across leaf phenological groups in 15 tree species studied here growing in a cerrado stricto sensu physiognomy.
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spelling Souza, João Paulo dePrado, Carlos Henrique Britto de Assishttp://genos.cnpq.br:12010/dwlattes/owa/prc_imp_cv_int?f_cod=K4785346P9http://lattes.cnpq.br/63667238626152782016-06-02T19:29:11Z2009-07-232016-06-02T19:29:11Z2009-02-20SOUZA, João Paulo de. Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares. 2009. 174 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2009.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1622The relationships among shoot inclination, light interception, photosynthetic capacity along shoot, biomass partitioning in leaves and shoots and the canopy structure were investigated in deciduous, semideciduous and evergreen tree species in Cerrado vegetation. The principal aim was to investigate the functioning and the structure of the canopies in cerrado tree species. The central hypotheses was that deciduousness is a trait strongly related to both canopy structure and functioning, and this relation could be revealed by morphological features of shoots, leaves, and by means of photosynthetic capacity along the shoot. Deciduous species produces only one cohort of leaf during the year at the end of the dry season. Slanting (plagiotropic) shoots in deciduous species could be one way to avoid the foliage self-shading since the bud unfold. One specific hypothesis was that deciduous species have plagiotropic shoots and the irradiance intensity and the photosynthetic capacity would be similar along shoot. The plagiotropic shoots in deciduous would allow high individual leaf area, high leaf area per shoot and one relationship between shoot-leaf in favor of leaves. On the other hand, the high leaf exposition to intense irradiance along shoot probably is one factor that imposes the shedding of the whole foliage at the dry season. Semideciduous and evergreen species produce leaves continuously during the year. The retention of the half of the foliage as in semideciduous even at the peak of dry season demands protection as the foliage self-shading along the shoot. Therefore, semideciduous and evergreen species have erect (orthotropic) shoots with evident foliage self-shading along the shoot. The light extinction along the orthotropic shoots could be one protection against excessive input of energy, especially in dry season. On the other hand, the dissimilar irradiance distribution along the shoot could result in significant difference about photosynthetic capacity between shaded basal and sunlit distal leaves on shoots. Semideciduous and evergreen species have higher number of canopy ramification than the deciduous species by reason of greater shoot emission at every season. This high canopy ramification in semideciduous and evergreen species could be revealed from one network representation with basic components as nodes and links. We supposed that links could be the shoots and nodes the nodal region where the shoots are emitted from the parental shoots. This representation could reveal structural differences in canopies of deciduous, semideciduous and evergreen species. These differences could be uncovered by the number of ramification and by the number of nodes in each leaf phenological group. Therefore, the link/node ratio and the frequency of shoots per node could reveal structural aspects significantly different across leaf phenological groups in 15 tree species studied here growing in a cerrado stricto sensu physiognomy.Foram investigadas as relações entre a inclinação do ramo, a interceptação de luz, a capacidade fotossintética ao longo do ramo, a alocação de biomassa em ramos e folhas e a estrutura da copa em espécies decíduas, semidecíduas e sempreverdes do Cerrado. O objetivo central dessa Tese foi o de investigar o funcionamento e a estrutura de copas em espécies arbóreas de Cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares. A hipótese central é que a permanência da folhagem ao longo do ano seria uma característica fortemente relacionada tanto à estrutura como ao funcionamento da copa, e que essa relação poderia ser evidenciada por características morfológicas dos ramos, das folhas e por meio da capacidade fotossintética. As decíduas produzem uma só coorte de folhas durante o ano, no final da estação seca. Uma forma de evitar o sombreamento da folhagem ao longo do ramo desde a abertura da gema seria o posicionamento inclinado (plagiotrópico) do ramo. Uma as hipóteses específicas é que as espécies decíduas apresentam ramos plagiotrópicos e a intensidade de irradiância e a capacidade fotossintética seriam distribuídas de maneira similar ao longo do ramo. Os ramos plagiotrópicos nas decíduas também permitiriam uma maior exposição das folhas e, portanto, uma maior área foliar por folha, por ramo e uma relação ramo-folhagem em favor das folhas sem um sombreamento significativo ao longo do ramo. Por outro lado, a exposição das folhas à intensa irradiância sobre os ramos plagiotrópicos nas espécies decíduas dificulta a permanência da folhagem durante todo o ano, especialmente na estação seca, pois expõem as folhas ao estresse atmosférico. As espécies semidecíduas e sempreverdes produzem folhas continuamente ao longo do ano. A permanência de pelo menos metade da folhagem como nas semidecíduas, mesmo no pico da estação seca, deve requerer proteção como o sombreamento das folhas ao longo dos ramos. Dessa forma, as espécies semidecíduas e sempreverdes apresentariam ramos mais eretos (ortotrópicos) com evidente sombreamento ao longo do ramo. A extinção da irradiância ao longo dos ramos seria uma proteção contra a irradiância excessiva nas espécies semidecíduas e sempreverdes, principalmente na estação seca. Por outro lado, a distribuição desigual da irradiância ao longo do ramo poderia condicionar uma capacidade fotossintética significativamente diferente entre as folhas mais iluminadas no ápice e as folhas mais sombreadas na base do ramo. As espécies semidecíduas e sempreverdes apresentam a copa com um maior número de ramificações que as espécies decíduas em função da maior emissão de ramos por estação de crescimento. O maior número de ramificações nas copas das espécies semidecíduas e sempreverdes poderia ser evidenciado a partir de uma representação da copa por meio de redes contendo as unidades básicas comuns, os nós e os conectores. A hipótese é que os conectores nas redes representando a copa das espécies arbóreas poderiam ser os ramos e os nós a região de ramificação de onde os ramos são emitidos sobre os ramos parentais. Essa representação poderia revelar diferenças estruturais nas copas das espécies decíduas, semidecíduas e sempreverdes. Essas diferenças seriam evidenciadas tanto pelo número de ramificações representada pelos ramos como pelo número de regiões de ramificações representadas pelos nós. Dessa forma, a relação ramo/nó e a freqüência de ramos por nó poderia revelar aspectos estruturais significativamente diferentes entre os grupos fenológicos foliares das 15 espécies arbóreas estudadas crescendo em um cerrado stricto sensu.Universidade Federal de Sao Carlosapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais - PPGERNUFSCarBREcofisiologia vegetalCerradoEstrutura de copaDeciduidade foliarCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIAEstrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliaresinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINAL2333.pdfapplication/pdf1167610https://{{ getenv "DSPACE_HOST" "repositorio.ufscar.br" }}/bitstream/ufscar/1622/1/2333.pdf08add5591eebb8975102b0da61c5a572MD51THUMBNAIL2333.pdf.jpg2333.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg7868https://{{ getenv "DSPACE_HOST" "repositorio.ufscar.br" }}/bitstream/ufscar/1622/2/2333.pdf.jpg483cdb194da9cd2f54ad4fb56e78462eMD52ufscar/16222019-09-11 02:06:55.688oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/1622Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222019-09-11T02:06:55Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares
title Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares
spellingShingle Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares
Souza, João Paulo de
Ecofisiologia vegetal
Cerrado
Estrutura de copa
Deciduidade foliar
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA
title_short Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares
title_full Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares
title_fullStr Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares
title_full_unstemmed Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares
title_sort Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares
author Souza, João Paulo de
author_facet Souza, João Paulo de
author_role author
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/6366723862615278
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Souza, João Paulo de
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Prado, Carlos Henrique Britto de Assis
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://genos.cnpq.br:12010/dwlattes/owa/prc_imp_cv_int?f_cod=K4785346P9
contributor_str_mv Prado, Carlos Henrique Britto de Assis
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Ecofisiologia vegetal
Cerrado
Estrutura de copa
Deciduidade foliar
topic Ecofisiologia vegetal
Cerrado
Estrutura de copa
Deciduidade foliar
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA
description The relationships among shoot inclination, light interception, photosynthetic capacity along shoot, biomass partitioning in leaves and shoots and the canopy structure were investigated in deciduous, semideciduous and evergreen tree species in Cerrado vegetation. The principal aim was to investigate the functioning and the structure of the canopies in cerrado tree species. The central hypotheses was that deciduousness is a trait strongly related to both canopy structure and functioning, and this relation could be revealed by morphological features of shoots, leaves, and by means of photosynthetic capacity along the shoot. Deciduous species produces only one cohort of leaf during the year at the end of the dry season. Slanting (plagiotropic) shoots in deciduous species could be one way to avoid the foliage self-shading since the bud unfold. One specific hypothesis was that deciduous species have plagiotropic shoots and the irradiance intensity and the photosynthetic capacity would be similar along shoot. The plagiotropic shoots in deciduous would allow high individual leaf area, high leaf area per shoot and one relationship between shoot-leaf in favor of leaves. On the other hand, the high leaf exposition to intense irradiance along shoot probably is one factor that imposes the shedding of the whole foliage at the dry season. Semideciduous and evergreen species produce leaves continuously during the year. The retention of the half of the foliage as in semideciduous even at the peak of dry season demands protection as the foliage self-shading along the shoot. Therefore, semideciduous and evergreen species have erect (orthotropic) shoots with evident foliage self-shading along the shoot. The light extinction along the orthotropic shoots could be one protection against excessive input of energy, especially in dry season. On the other hand, the dissimilar irradiance distribution along the shoot could result in significant difference about photosynthetic capacity between shaded basal and sunlit distal leaves on shoots. Semideciduous and evergreen species have higher number of canopy ramification than the deciduous species by reason of greater shoot emission at every season. This high canopy ramification in semideciduous and evergreen species could be revealed from one network representation with basic components as nodes and links. We supposed that links could be the shoots and nodes the nodal region where the shoots are emitted from the parental shoots. This representation could reveal structural differences in canopies of deciduous, semideciduous and evergreen species. These differences could be uncovered by the number of ramification and by the number of nodes in each leaf phenological group. Therefore, the link/node ratio and the frequency of shoots per node could reveal structural aspects significantly different across leaf phenological groups in 15 tree species studied here growing in a cerrado stricto sensu physiognomy.
publishDate 2009
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2009-07-23
2016-06-02T19:29:11Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2009-02-20
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2016-06-02T19:29:11Z
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv SOUZA, João Paulo de. Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares. 2009. 174 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2009.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1622
identifier_str_mv SOUZA, João Paulo de. Estrutura e funcionamento de copas em espécies arbóreas de cerrado com distintas fenologias foliares. 2009. 174 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2009.
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