Contribuição ao estudo da doença de Chagas

• Autor(a) principal: OSTERMAYER, Alejandro Luquetti
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1572
• topic: Doença de Chagas; Trypanosoma cruzi; Hemocultivo; Diagnóstico; Chagas, Doença de; Chagas,Doença de Diagnóstico; Tripanossomose; Chagas disease; Trypanosoma cruzi; Hemoculture; Diagnosis; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

The main papers published on the last five years on the area of human Chagas disease, mainly on parasitological, serological and therapeutic aspects, reflecting areas of recent involvment of the author, were selected. As a baseline, briefly comments on publications on the last 40 years were included. Parasitemia profile measured by hemoculture during the chronic infection was the subject of the first two. The first (published in 2006) included six hemocultures from each of 27 patients, the last three after specific treatment. Results were compared with those of 13 non treated, infected patients. The supressive effect of benznidazole was demonstrated in 89% of the patients and treatment failure was registered in three cases (11%) during the two year follow-up. In the second paper (2011) a single hemoculture was performed in 152 infected women, 101 pregnant. Parasitemic pregnant women doubled the number of non-pregnant, mainly during the first months of pregnancy. A new ELISA test was developed (2010) by employing two recombinant proteins and two synthetic peptides. Sensitivity was 99.3% on 165 positive sera, and specificity of 100% (216 negatives). A multicentric study was done (2009) with participation of laboratories of North America (Mexico), Central America (Honduras) and South America (Brazil) with 98 serum samples from patients of Mexico employing reagents made from Tc1 and Tc2 strains. Results showed good agreement among laboratories demonstrating the feasibility of using reagents prepared from both types of T. cruzi. In another multicentric study (Bolivia, Argentina and Brazil) xenodiagnosis performed in 17 patients after a 60 days course of allopurinol treatment, remained positive, showing the lack of effect of this drug in the chronic phase. A national serological survey in children born after insecticide spraying (below five years old) with filter paper, involved 104,954 samples, tested with ELISA and indirect immuofluorescence. Only 11 samples (0.01%) were identified as by vector transmission (negative mothers) mainly from the northeast of the country, areas without Triatoma infestans. These findings (2011) confirm the effectivity of house spraying for the control of the disease. As a sub-product of this investigation, an unusual number of cases of congenital transmission (n = 12) was found only in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, where TcV-TcVI circulates. When compared with other states (n=8) the proportion was 10 times higher. This is the first report on geographical differences related to congenital transmission in Brazil. We considered that all these findings contributed significantly to a better knowledge on different aspects of Chagas disease.