Escherichia coli, adenovírus e enterovírus em amostras de água consumida em áreas rurais de Goiás

• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Fernando Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10700
• topic: Comunidades rurais; Fontes de água; Qualidade da água; Contaminação fecal; Vírus entéricos; Rural communities; Water sources; Water quality; Fecal contamination; Enteric viruses; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA

The rural environment lacks basic sanitation services. Thus, the water supply and sewage disposal facilities are often under the initiative of each resident, who may not have the financial resources and technical knowledge to build and keep them functioning properly. Thus, water for human consumption is subject to fecal contamination and, consequently, to the presence of waterborne pathogens, such as enteric viruses. The objective of this work was to evaluate the fecal contamination of water samples from individual sources used for household supply in rural areas of the State of Goiás. The samples were collected from 86 homes, distributed in 15 communities, whose water sources were tubular wells, dug wells, springs, surface waters and rainwater. Escherichia coli (EC) bacteria, analyzed by the defined chromogenic substrate method, and the enteric virus human adenovirus (HAdV) and enterovirus (EV), analyzed by qPCR, were used as fecal contamination indicators. It was observed that 90.7% of the samples showed indications of fecal contamination. Detection rates were 74.4% for EC, 57% for HAdV and 9.3% for EV. The concentration averages of these indicators were, respectively, 8.34 x 101 NMP / 100mL, 8.6 x 105 CG / L and 9.75 x 105 CG / L. The EC indicator was the most prevalent in ground and surface water samples. The HAdV indicator was significantly more detected in groundwater samples than in surface water and was more efficient in indicating contamination in tubular wells. In cistern samples, viral indicators were the most prevalent. There was no association of frequencies or correlation of concentrations between EC and HAdV. HAdV indicated human fecal contamination and performed well as a complementary indicator. These results reveal that the analyzed population is vulnerable to waterborne diseases caused by enteric pathogens.