Desenvolvimento de um bioherbicida a partir de metabólitos de phoma sp. para o manejo de plantas daninhas

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Todero, Izelmar
Data de Publicação: 2017
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM
Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/14054
Resumo: The weeds are one of the main problems faced by the farmers, because such weeds are responsible for a significant amount of the agricultural losses. The key control method is the chemical with use of herbicides. Although efficient when used in doses not recommended or inadequate form have promoted environmental contamination, of animal, intoxication of farmers, residues in food, appearance of resistant biotopes, among others. Looking for alternatives of control less aggressive, the utilization of a formulated product from microorganisms, mainly fungi, becomes an important tool into the area of plant protection and the biological control. In this way, the present work had as objective to concentrate and formulate a bioherbicide based on Phoma sp. with effect on bioindicated plants and weeds. The experiments were divided in 3 stages. In the 1° stage, it was realized the purification and concentration of the fermented broth throughout polymeric membranes, in this stage to analyze the potential phytotoxic was utilized leafs from Cucumis sativus. In the 2° stage, was utilized the best condition of the 1° stage to evaluate different formulations containing palm oil, Span®80 and Tween®80, with the objective of increasing the phytoxicity, applying the products in post-emergence on C. sativus. The 3° stage evaluated the phytotoxity in weeds with pre and post-emergence. In pre-emergence, the tests realized were in BOD chamber and in substrate of an species called Amaranthus retroflexus, for this, it was utilized the best condition of the 1° stage. In the post-emergence it was utilized the formulation than presented the best result within the 2° stage and the conditions with different oil concentrations, being the tests performed in three species: A. retroflexus, Bidens pilosa and Conyza canadensis. The results obtained for a primary evaluation demonstrated that the molecules concentration was efficient in 30% of the retained broth, presenting a greater effect in the leaf detected from C. sativus. In the 2° stage, the formulation 6, that presents for 10g of formulated 0,82g oil palm, 0,0576g Span 80, 0,2224g Tween 80 and 8,9g of cald, presented a higher phytotoxity in C. sativus. In the 3° stage the application in pre-emergence of broth retained in 30% did not allow to occur the germination of A. retroflexus in both BOD and substrate. In the post-emergence, the formulation 6 presented difference of the formulation 3 and 15 with higher phytotoxic effect in weeds, highlighting more for the A. retroflexus. Phoma sp. presents bioherbicide action in pre-emergence and post-emergence and the addition of an adjuvant for the secondary metabolic resulted in a better action of them on the tested species.
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spelling 2018-08-15T21:44:06Z2018-08-15T21:44:06Z2017-03-02http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/14054The weeds are one of the main problems faced by the farmers, because such weeds are responsible for a significant amount of the agricultural losses. The key control method is the chemical with use of herbicides. Although efficient when used in doses not recommended or inadequate form have promoted environmental contamination, of animal, intoxication of farmers, residues in food, appearance of resistant biotopes, among others. Looking for alternatives of control less aggressive, the utilization of a formulated product from microorganisms, mainly fungi, becomes an important tool into the area of plant protection and the biological control. In this way, the present work had as objective to concentrate and formulate a bioherbicide based on Phoma sp. with effect on bioindicated plants and weeds. The experiments were divided in 3 stages. In the 1° stage, it was realized the purification and concentration of the fermented broth throughout polymeric membranes, in this stage to analyze the potential phytotoxic was utilized leafs from Cucumis sativus. In the 2° stage, was utilized the best condition of the 1° stage to evaluate different formulations containing palm oil, Span®80 and Tween®80, with the objective of increasing the phytoxicity, applying the products in post-emergence on C. sativus. The 3° stage evaluated the phytotoxity in weeds with pre and post-emergence. In pre-emergence, the tests realized were in BOD chamber and in substrate of an species called Amaranthus retroflexus, for this, it was utilized the best condition of the 1° stage. In the post-emergence it was utilized the formulation than presented the best result within the 2° stage and the conditions with different oil concentrations, being the tests performed in three species: A. retroflexus, Bidens pilosa and Conyza canadensis. The results obtained for a primary evaluation demonstrated that the molecules concentration was efficient in 30% of the retained broth, presenting a greater effect in the leaf detected from C. sativus. In the 2° stage, the formulation 6, that presents for 10g of formulated 0,82g oil palm, 0,0576g Span 80, 0,2224g Tween 80 and 8,9g of cald, presented a higher phytotoxity in C. sativus. In the 3° stage the application in pre-emergence of broth retained in 30% did not allow to occur the germination of A. retroflexus in both BOD and substrate. In the post-emergence, the formulation 6 presented difference of the formulation 3 and 15 with higher phytotoxic effect in weeds, highlighting more for the A. retroflexus. Phoma sp. presents bioherbicide action in pre-emergence and post-emergence and the addition of an adjuvant for the secondary metabolic resulted in a better action of them on the tested species.As plantas daninhas são um dos principais problemas enfrentados pelos agricultores, pois estas são responsáveis por grandes perdas agrícolas. O principal método de controle é o químico com uso de herbicidas. Embora eficientes quando usados em doses não recomendadas ou de forma inadequada têm promovido contaminação ambiental, de animais, intoxicação de agricultores, resíduos em alimentos, surgimento de biótipos resistentes, dentre outros. Buscando alternativas de controle menos agressivos a utilização de um produto formulado a partir de microrganismos, principalmente fungos se torna uma ferramenta importante junto à área de proteção de plantas e ao controle biológico. Desta maneira o presente trabalho teve como objetivo concentrar e formular um bioherbicida a base de Phoma sp. com efeito sobre planta bioindicadora e plantas daninhas. Os experimentos foram divididos em três etapas. Na 1ª etapa, foi realizada a purificação e concentração do caldo fermentado através de membranas poliméricas, nesta etapa para a análise do potencial fitotóxico foram utilizadas folhas destacadas de Cucumis sativus. Na 2ª etapa, utilizou-se a melhor condição da 1ª etapa para avaliar diferentes formulações contendo óleo de palma, Span®80 e Tween®80, com o objetivo de aumentar a fitotoxidade, aplicando-se os produtos em pós-emergência sobre C. sativus. A 3ª etapa avaliou-se a fitotoxidade em plantas daninhas em pré e pós-emergência. Em pré-emergência os testes foram realizado em câmara de BOD e em substrato na espécie de Amaranthus retroflexus. Para isso foi utilizada a melhor condição da 1ª etapa. Em pós-emergência utilizou-se a formulação que apresentou melhor resultado na 2ª etapa e também as condições com diferentes concentrações de óleo, sendo os testes realizados em três espécies: A. retroflexus, Bidens pilosa e Conyza canadensis. Os resultados obtidos para avaliação primária demonstraram que a concentração das moléculas foi eficiente em 30% do caldo retido, apresentando maior efeito nas folhas destacadas de C. sativus. Na 2ª etapa, a formulação 6, o qual apresenta para 10g de formulado 0,82g óleo de palma, 0,0576g Span®80, 0,2224g Tween®80 e 8,9g de caldo, apresentou maior fitotoxidade em C. sativus. Na 3ª etapa a aplicação em pré emergência de caldo retido em 30% não deixou ocorrer a germinação de A. retroflexus tanto em câmara de BOD quanto em substrato. Em pós-emergência a formulação 6 apresentou diferença da formulação 3 e 15 com maior efeito fitotóxico nas plantas daninhas, destacando-se mais para A. retroflexus. Phoma sp. apresenta ação bioherbicida em pré-emergência e pós-emergência e a adição de um adjuvante aos metabólitos secundários resultou em melhor ação dos mesmos para as espécies testadas.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências RuraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia AgrícolaUFSMBrasilEngenharia AgrícolaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessMicrorganismosAdjuvantesPlantas daninhasMicrorganismsAdjuvantsWeedsCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLADesenvolvimento de um bioherbicida a partir de metabólitos de phoma sp. para o manejo de plantas daninhasDevelopment of a bioherbicide from phoma sp. metabolites for weed managementinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisMazutti, Marcio Antoniohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3520282081196395Arnemann, Jonas Andréhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9594849663299829Galon, Leandrohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5349314062564211http://lattes.cnpq.br/1819904185042053Todero, Izelmar5003000000086007d7d5001-84cd-4e08-9476-4ab9b3d8e954b9332b9d-b51b-4f1c-82fc-0fabc08dbc6da0fa7414-f15f-4dcf-8389-249ef850aebe75f73e2c-c993-418b-8be3-7a5211df97b0reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALDIS_PPGEA_2017_TODERO_IZELMAR.pdfDIS_PPGEA_2017_TODERO_IZELMAR.pdfDissertação de Mestradoapplication/pdf2627210http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/14054/1/DIS_PPGEA_2017_TODERO_IZELMAR.pdf5c2287c525d19e05fc8b27d60570a316MD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Desenvolvimento de um bioherbicida a partir de metabólitos de phoma sp. para o manejo de plantas daninhas
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Development of a bioherbicide from phoma sp. metabolites for weed management
title Desenvolvimento de um bioherbicida a partir de metabólitos de phoma sp. para o manejo de plantas daninhas
spellingShingle Desenvolvimento de um bioherbicida a partir de metabólitos de phoma sp. para o manejo de plantas daninhas
Todero, Izelmar
Microrganismos
Adjuvantes
Plantas daninhas
Microrganisms
Adjuvants
Weeds
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA
title_short Desenvolvimento de um bioherbicida a partir de metabólitos de phoma sp. para o manejo de plantas daninhas
title_full Desenvolvimento de um bioherbicida a partir de metabólitos de phoma sp. para o manejo de plantas daninhas
title_fullStr Desenvolvimento de um bioherbicida a partir de metabólitos de phoma sp. para o manejo de plantas daninhas
title_full_unstemmed Desenvolvimento de um bioherbicida a partir de metabólitos de phoma sp. para o manejo de plantas daninhas
title_sort Desenvolvimento de um bioherbicida a partir de metabólitos de phoma sp. para o manejo de plantas daninhas
author Todero, Izelmar
author_facet Todero, Izelmar
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Mazutti, Marcio Antonio
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/3520282081196395
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Arnemann, Jonas André
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/9594849663299829
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Galon, Leandro
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/5349314062564211
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/1819904185042053
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Todero, Izelmar
contributor_str_mv Mazutti, Marcio Antonio
Arnemann, Jonas André
Galon, Leandro
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Microrganismos
Adjuvantes
Plantas daninhas
topic Microrganismos
Adjuvantes
Plantas daninhas
Microrganisms
Adjuvants
Weeds
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Microrganisms
Adjuvants
Weeds
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA
description The weeds are one of the main problems faced by the farmers, because such weeds are responsible for a significant amount of the agricultural losses. The key control method is the chemical with use of herbicides. Although efficient when used in doses not recommended or inadequate form have promoted environmental contamination, of animal, intoxication of farmers, residues in food, appearance of resistant biotopes, among others. Looking for alternatives of control less aggressive, the utilization of a formulated product from microorganisms, mainly fungi, becomes an important tool into the area of plant protection and the biological control. In this way, the present work had as objective to concentrate and formulate a bioherbicide based on Phoma sp. with effect on bioindicated plants and weeds. The experiments were divided in 3 stages. In the 1° stage, it was realized the purification and concentration of the fermented broth throughout polymeric membranes, in this stage to analyze the potential phytotoxic was utilized leafs from Cucumis sativus. In the 2° stage, was utilized the best condition of the 1° stage to evaluate different formulations containing palm oil, Span®80 and Tween®80, with the objective of increasing the phytoxicity, applying the products in post-emergence on C. sativus. The 3° stage evaluated the phytotoxity in weeds with pre and post-emergence. In pre-emergence, the tests realized were in BOD chamber and in substrate of an species called Amaranthus retroflexus, for this, it was utilized the best condition of the 1° stage. In the post-emergence it was utilized the formulation than presented the best result within the 2° stage and the conditions with different oil concentrations, being the tests performed in three species: A. retroflexus, Bidens pilosa and Conyza canadensis. The results obtained for a primary evaluation demonstrated that the molecules concentration was efficient in 30% of the retained broth, presenting a greater effect in the leaf detected from C. sativus. In the 2° stage, the formulation 6, that presents for 10g of formulated 0,82g oil palm, 0,0576g Span 80, 0,2224g Tween 80 and 8,9g of cald, presented a higher phytotoxity in C. sativus. In the 3° stage the application in pre-emergence of broth retained in 30% did not allow to occur the germination of A. retroflexus in both BOD and substrate. In the post-emergence, the formulation 6 presented difference of the formulation 3 and 15 with higher phytotoxic effect in weeds, highlighting more for the A. retroflexus. Phoma sp. presents bioherbicide action in pre-emergence and post-emergence and the addition of an adjuvant for the secondary metabolic resulted in a better action of them on the tested species.
publishDate 2017
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2017-03-02
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2018-08-15T21:44:06Z
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Centro de Ciências Rurais
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv UFSM
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv Brasil
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv Engenharia Agrícola
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Centro de Ciências Rurais
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