Estratificação volumétrica e crescimento em uma floresta ombrófila densa, município de Almeirim, Estado do Pará

• Autor(a) principal: Medeiros, Rodrigo Marques de
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2988
• topic: Floresta ombrófila densa; Estratificação volumétrica; Crescimento florestal; Floresta tropical; Dense umbrophilous forest; Volumetric stratification; Forest growth; Tropical forest; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL::MANEJO FLORESTAL

The objectives of this study were to group the Labor Units (Unidades de Trabalho UT) of the annual Production Unit (Unidade de Produção Annual UPA) into homogeneous classes of stock and analyze the floristic composition and the horizontal diametric structures by stock class and commercial use group. Also, the objective was to analyze the growth of the surviving trees by diameter, basal area and volume by class of volumetric stock, by species, by group of species and by size class over a monitoring period of two years, with two mensurations. Database used was given, through an agreement with the Orsa Florestal enterprise. The area studied, with about 545 thousand hectares, is located in the municipality of Almeirim, State of Pará, Brazil. Data were from prospection and monitoring surveys. In the census, a total of 469 UTs (250 x 400 m) were considered, totalizing 4,690 hectares, and trees with DBH ≥ 35.0 cm were surveyed. In the continuous forest inventory, 12 square blocks with a 100 m side inside the UPA-02 were monitored. There, arboreous individuals with DBH ≥ 10.0 cm were sampled. The application of cluster and discriminant analyses to stratify the forest in classes of volumetric stock was very efficient and rather easy to carry out. The richness and abundance of species were very high in the census, and provided quite high estimations of the diversity by the Shannon index, but realistic, because it was through a census. The distinction of the forest in more homogeneous classes showed that for the conditions of the UPA-02, the prescription of the maximum cutting intensity established by law of 30 m3.ha-1 is very high, resulting in a remaining stock without or with a low reserve stock of species with potential or of good or of high commercial value. Thus, it is justified to classify the forest production in classes of volumetric stock, to get a better understanding of the spatial distribution of the commercial and pre-commercial stocks in the management unit, to provide more balanced management alternatives under the conditions of homogeneity and variability of the forest. This classification is also a better planning and production control, the practice of silvicultural treatments and a more efficient monitoring of the growth through permanent plot proportionally distributed in the areas of production and the variability of the classes of stock. Compared to the census, the permanent blocks did not show the high richness of the commercial species exploited in the UPA-02, in addition to show high estimations of the growth in volume and also area, which do not agree with the monitoring researches in tropical forests of the region.