Variação aloenzimática e estrutura genética populacional de Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville (leguminosae)

• Autor(a) principal: Glasenapp, Jacqueline Siqueira
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/1325
• topic: Aloenzimas; Estrutura genética; Plantas medicinais; Cerrado; Alloenzyme; Genetic structure; Medicinal plants; Closed; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::MELHORAMENTO VEGETAL

The S. adstringens is a tree of Brazilian savanna. It has been used in traditional medicine to treat diseases such as ulcers, sores, gastritis and sore throat, among others. Because of the genetic unaware about that specie this work aims to characterizes the genetic variation on S. adstringens by means of molecular markers and phenotypic traits. Seeds of 627 individuals from 16 populations in five regions in two states of Brazil were collected. The molecular dates were acquired by means of the starch-gel electrophoresis technique. The total of 14 isozymes system was tested and ten loci and 28 alleles were observed. The phenotypic dates were acquired by means of the randomized common garden experiment. Five periodic evaluations on five phenotypic traits were made. The genetic diversity (H) was equal to 0.228, the percentage of polymorphic loci (P) was equal to 68.75, the mean number of alleles per polymorphic locus (AP) was equal to 2.65 and the effective number of alleles (Ae) was equal to 1.29. The coefficient of gene differentiation GST value indicates that 92.3 percent of genetic diversity is within of the population and 7.7 percent among populations. The results of the total index fixation (F=0.003), of the index fixation within populations (f=-0.114) and genetic differentiation among populations (Ө=0.105) were not significant. The results of the phenotypic traits among populations differ significantly, but the most of genetic variation within population was not significant. The heritabilities ranged from 0.5488 to 0.9828 and the QST values were relatively highs (0.5415 to 0.9761) when compare with the results of FST. The genetic representation of population samples might be considered satisfactory because the estimates of effective population size (Ne) were greater than the number of the individual samples. In 94,3% percent of gene flow estimates from populations were observed values much greater than one, showing then the gene flow is enough to prevent the genetic drift differentiation. Therefore we can conclude that the genetic diversity of allozymic markers is quite high within populations and low among populations. The gene flow is high enough for prevents the genetic divergence of allozymic markers among populations and the selection is strong enough to maintain the genetic divergence of adaptive traits among populations. The phenotypic traits study can provide complementary formations and help to elucidate the patterns of genetic variation within and among S. adstringens populations. The information about genetic and phenotypic differentiation for appropriate choose of sites of sampling may be used to collecting proceedings for germoplasma banks or improvement and planting programs.