Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: RIOS, Élica Santos
Data de Publicação: 2013
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6146
Resumo: The palm is recognized as a major forage resources for animal production in the semiarid. However, in recent years, most of palmais North East began to be compromised by the cochineal carmine (Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell), being necessary control measures that are efficient and that do not affect the activity of the microbiota present in the soil. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of xenobiotics applied in the culture of palm infested by D. opuntiae on natural enemies encountered in culture and soil microbes. The study was conducted in an area with palm cv. gigantic (Opuntia ficus-indica) scale-infested cochineal carmine in the region of Caétes – PE. The experimental design was a randomized block with 5 treatments: control (water), detergent + bleach, oil neem, methomyl and thiamethoxam lambda-cyhalothrin, and 3 repetitions. Before application of xenobiotics were conducted eight data collections, to observe the growth of the population of cochineal carmine and distribution of natural enemies. After application of the products, three samples were conducted to quantify the efficiency of xenobiotics and their effect on natural enemies and soil microbes by respirometry microbial, bacterial count and genetic variability of bacteria. For this, were collected soils (0-20cm), the respirometry assessed by monitoring the release of CO2 by the microorganisms for a period of 30 days. In microbiology, was evaluated population density of the bacteria after 24, 48 and 72h of incubation, morphological variability and by staining. Subsequently, we assessed the genetic variability, by molecular techniques, using BOX-PCR. There was increase in the number of colonies of cochineal carmine even after application of xenobiotics, which are not significantly affected natural enemies (IN) present in the culture, as these insects occurred even at low densities, independent of the application of the products. The predatory species of cochineal carmine were observed Zagreus bimaculosus, Cybocephalus sp. and larvae Salpingogaster cochenillivorus, and Z. bimaculosus, considered the most frequent. As to respirometry, there is, in relative terms, the amount of CO2 released from the soil samples was higher in the plots with the application of the insecticide thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin, relative to the control, not differing from other treatments. Soils treated with water alone (control) and detergent + bleachshowed the largest populations (0.96 and 0.94 x 102 UFC.g-1, respectively). It was observed that soils with water application (control) and detergent + bleach, showed bacteria with slower growth, and the other treatments, with accelerated growth occurred 24h, decreasing from 48 h of incubation. In morphological characteristic (coloration) bacterial colonies predominated white colonies, demonstrating visually low genetic variability. However, the application of molecular techniques (BOX-PCR), revealed high genetic variability between colonies of white coloration analyzed. Demonstrating that given the importance of cactus for semiarid region is of great importance more detailed studies on the effects of xenobiotics on the microbiota and associated insects.
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spelling OLIVEIRA, Carlos Romero Ferreira deBADJI, César AugusteSILVA, Gílcia Aparecida de CarvalhoSOBRAL, Júlia Kuklinskyhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7420844126618003RIOS, Élica Santos2016-12-14T17:45:59Z2013-02-19RIOS, Élica Santos. Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira. 2013. 47 f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Agrícola) - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Garanhuns.http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6146The palm is recognized as a major forage resources for animal production in the semiarid. However, in recent years, most of palmais North East began to be compromised by the cochineal carmine (Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell), being necessary control measures that are efficient and that do not affect the activity of the microbiota present in the soil. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of xenobiotics applied in the culture of palm infested by D. opuntiae on natural enemies encountered in culture and soil microbes. The study was conducted in an area with palm cv. gigantic (Opuntia ficus-indica) scale-infested cochineal carmine in the region of Caétes – PE. The experimental design was a randomized block with 5 treatments: control (water), detergent + bleach, oil neem, methomyl and thiamethoxam lambda-cyhalothrin, and 3 repetitions. Before application of xenobiotics were conducted eight data collections, to observe the growth of the population of cochineal carmine and distribution of natural enemies. After application of the products, three samples were conducted to quantify the efficiency of xenobiotics and their effect on natural enemies and soil microbes by respirometry microbial, bacterial count and genetic variability of bacteria. For this, were collected soils (0-20cm), the respirometry assessed by monitoring the release of CO2 by the microorganisms for a period of 30 days. In microbiology, was evaluated population density of the bacteria after 24, 48 and 72h of incubation, morphological variability and by staining. Subsequently, we assessed the genetic variability, by molecular techniques, using BOX-PCR. There was increase in the number of colonies of cochineal carmine even after application of xenobiotics, which are not significantly affected natural enemies (IN) present in the culture, as these insects occurred even at low densities, independent of the application of the products. The predatory species of cochineal carmine were observed Zagreus bimaculosus, Cybocephalus sp. and larvae Salpingogaster cochenillivorus, and Z. bimaculosus, considered the most frequent. As to respirometry, there is, in relative terms, the amount of CO2 released from the soil samples was higher in the plots with the application of the insecticide thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin, relative to the control, not differing from other treatments. Soils treated with water alone (control) and detergent + bleachshowed the largest populations (0.96 and 0.94 x 102 UFC.g-1, respectively). It was observed that soils with water application (control) and detergent + bleach, showed bacteria with slower growth, and the other treatments, with accelerated growth occurred 24h, decreasing from 48 h of incubation. In morphological characteristic (coloration) bacterial colonies predominated white colonies, demonstrating visually low genetic variability. However, the application of molecular techniques (BOX-PCR), revealed high genetic variability between colonies of white coloration analyzed. Demonstrating that given the importance of cactus for semiarid region is of great importance more detailed studies on the effects of xenobiotics on the microbiota and associated insects.A palma é reconhecida como um dos principais recursos forrageiros para a produção animal no semiárido. Entretanto, nos últimos anos, grande parte dos palmais do Nordeste passaram a ser comprometidos pela cochonilha do carmim (Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell), sendo necessárias medidas de controle que sejam eficientes e que não afetem a atividade da microbiota presente no solo. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito dos xenobióticos aplicados na cultura da palma infestada por D. opuntiae sobre os inimigos naturais encontrados na cultura e na microbiota do solo. A pesquisa foi conduzida numa área com palma cv. gigante (Opuntia ficus-indica) infestada pela cochonilha do carmim na região de Caetés - PE. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com 5 tratamentos: controle (água); detergente + água sanitária; óleo de nim; metomil e tiametoxam lambda-cialotrina, e 3 repetições. Antes da aplicação dos xenobióticos foram realizadas 8 coletas de dados, para observar o crescimento da população da cochonilha do carmim e distribuição dos inimigos naturais. Após a aplicação dos produtos, foram realizadas 3 coletas para quantificar a eficiência dos xenobióticos e seu efeito sobre os inimigos naturais e a microbiota do solo, através da respirometria microbiana, quantificação bacteriana e variabilidade genética de bactérias. Para isso, foram coletados solos (0-20cm), sendo a respirometria avaliada monitorando-se a liberação de CO2 pelos micro-organismos, por um período de 30 dias. Na microbiologia, foi avaliada a densidade populacional das bactérias, após 24, 48 e 72h de incubação, e a variabilidade morfológica, através da coloração. Posteriormente, avaliou-se a variabilidade genética, através de técnicas moleculares, utilizando-se BOX-PCR. Houve aumento do número de colônias da cochonilha do carmim mesmo após a aplicação dos xenobióticos, os quais também não afetaram de maneira significativa os inimigos naturais (IN) presentes na cultura, já que estes insetos ocorreram, mesmo que em baixas densidades, independente da aplicação dos produtos. As espécies predadoras da cochonilha do carmim observadas foram Zagreus bimaculosus, Cybocephalus sp. e larvas de Salpingogaster cochenillivorus, sendo Z. bimaculosus, considerado a mais frequente. Quanto à respirometria, verifica-se, em termos relativos, que a quantidade de CO2 liberado nas amostras de solo foi maior nas parcelas com a aplicação do inseticida tiametoxam+lambda-cialotrina, em relação ao controle, não diferindo dos demais tratamentos. Os solos tratados com apenas água (controle) e detergente + água sanitária apresentaram as maiores populações (0,96 e 0,94 x 102 UFC.g-1, respectivamente). Observou-se que solos com aplicação de água (controle) e detergente + água sanitária, apresentaram bactérias com crescimento mais lento, e nos demais tratamentos, ocorreram crescimento mais acelerado com 24h, diminuindo a partir de 48h de incubação. Na característica morfológica (coloração), as colônias bacterianas houve predomínio de colônias brancas, demostrando visualmente baixa variabilidade genética. Entretanto, a aplicação da técnica molecular (BOX-PCR), revelou alta variabilidade genética entre as colônias de coloração brancas analisadas. Demostrando que diante da importância da palma forrageira para o semiárido é de suma importância estudos mais detalhados sobre os efeitos dos xenobióticos sobre a microbiota e os insetos associados.Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-12-14T17:45:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Elica Santos Rios.pdf: 736943 bytes, checksum: 973f89d16d74c3e4d0210b33228d1a9c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-14T17:45:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elica Santos Rios.pdf: 736943 bytes, checksum: 973f89d16d74c3e4d0210b33228d1a9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-19application/pdfporUniversidade Federal Rural de PernambucoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Produção AgrícolaUFRPEBrasilUnidade Acadêmica de GaranhunsDactylopius opuntiaePalma forrageiraMicrobiologia do soloInseto predadorXenobióticoCactus pearSoil microbiologyPredator insectXenobioticCIENCIAS AGRARIASEfeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageirainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis-723645219733019298560060060077205141824112794117828424726906663919info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPEinstname:Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE)instacron:UFRPELICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82165http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/bitstream/tede2/6146/1/license.txtbd3efa91386c1718a7f26a329fdcb468MD51ORIGINALElica Santos Rios.pdfElica Santos Rios.pdfapplication/pdf736943http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/bitstream/tede2/6146/2/Elica+Santos+Rios.pdf973f89d16d74c3e4d0210b33228d1a9cMD52tede2/61462016-12-14 14:45:59.997oai:tede2: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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede/PUBhttp://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/oai/requestbdtd@ufrpe.br ||bdtd@ufrpe.bropendoar:2016-12-14T17:45:59Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE)false
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira
title Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira
spellingShingle Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira
RIOS, Élica Santos
Dactylopius opuntiae
Palma forrageira
Microbiologia do solo
Inseto predador
Xenobiótico
Cactus pear
Soil microbiology
Predator insect
Xenobiotic
CIENCIAS AGRARIAS
title_short Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira
title_full Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira
title_fullStr Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira
title_full_unstemmed Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira
title_sort Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira
author RIOS, Élica Santos
author_facet RIOS, Élica Santos
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv OLIVEIRA, Carlos Romero Ferreira de
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv BADJI, César Auguste
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv SILVA, Gílcia Aparecida de Carvalho
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv SOBRAL, Júlia Kuklinsky
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/7420844126618003
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv RIOS, Élica Santos
contributor_str_mv OLIVEIRA, Carlos Romero Ferreira de
BADJI, César Auguste
SILVA, Gílcia Aparecida de Carvalho
SOBRAL, Júlia Kuklinsky
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Dactylopius opuntiae
Palma forrageira
Microbiologia do solo
Inseto predador
Xenobiótico
topic Dactylopius opuntiae
Palma forrageira
Microbiologia do solo
Inseto predador
Xenobiótico
Cactus pear
Soil microbiology
Predator insect
Xenobiotic
CIENCIAS AGRARIAS
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Cactus pear
Soil microbiology
Predator insect
Xenobiotic
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CIENCIAS AGRARIAS
description The palm is recognized as a major forage resources for animal production in the semiarid. However, in recent years, most of palmais North East began to be compromised by the cochineal carmine (Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell), being necessary control measures that are efficient and that do not affect the activity of the microbiota present in the soil. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of xenobiotics applied in the culture of palm infested by D. opuntiae on natural enemies encountered in culture and soil microbes. The study was conducted in an area with palm cv. gigantic (Opuntia ficus-indica) scale-infested cochineal carmine in the region of Caétes – PE. The experimental design was a randomized block with 5 treatments: control (water), detergent + bleach, oil neem, methomyl and thiamethoxam lambda-cyhalothrin, and 3 repetitions. Before application of xenobiotics were conducted eight data collections, to observe the growth of the population of cochineal carmine and distribution of natural enemies. After application of the products, three samples were conducted to quantify the efficiency of xenobiotics and their effect on natural enemies and soil microbes by respirometry microbial, bacterial count and genetic variability of bacteria. For this, were collected soils (0-20cm), the respirometry assessed by monitoring the release of CO2 by the microorganisms for a period of 30 days. In microbiology, was evaluated population density of the bacteria after 24, 48 and 72h of incubation, morphological variability and by staining. Subsequently, we assessed the genetic variability, by molecular techniques, using BOX-PCR. There was increase in the number of colonies of cochineal carmine even after application of xenobiotics, which are not significantly affected natural enemies (IN) present in the culture, as these insects occurred even at low densities, independent of the application of the products. The predatory species of cochineal carmine were observed Zagreus bimaculosus, Cybocephalus sp. and larvae Salpingogaster cochenillivorus, and Z. bimaculosus, considered the most frequent. As to respirometry, there is, in relative terms, the amount of CO2 released from the soil samples was higher in the plots with the application of the insecticide thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin, relative to the control, not differing from other treatments. Soils treated with water alone (control) and detergent + bleachshowed the largest populations (0.96 and 0.94 x 102 UFC.g-1, respectively). It was observed that soils with water application (control) and detergent + bleach, showed bacteria with slower growth, and the other treatments, with accelerated growth occurred 24h, decreasing from 48 h of incubation. In morphological characteristic (coloration) bacterial colonies predominated white colonies, demonstrating visually low genetic variability. However, the application of molecular techniques (BOX-PCR), revealed high genetic variability between colonies of white coloration analyzed. Demonstrating that given the importance of cactus for semiarid region is of great importance more detailed studies on the effects of xenobiotics on the microbiota and associated insects.
publishDate 2013
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2013-02-19
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2016-12-14T17:45:59Z
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dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv RIOS, Élica Santos. Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira. 2013. 47 f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Agrícola) - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Garanhuns.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6146
identifier_str_mv RIOS, Élica Santos. Efeito de xenobióticos sobre insetos e a microbiota do solo associados à palma forrageira. 2013. 47 f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Agrícola) - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Garanhuns.
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dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv Brasil
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco
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