Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE |
Texto Completo: | http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4827 |
Resumo: | In a modern agriculture the use of fertilizers and correctives aim to promote increment in food production, attending economic criterious and also to maintain the biota diversity and soil fertility, reducing environmental problems. One viable alternative is the use of phosphate and potassic rocks plus sulfur inoculated with the oxidative bacteria Acidithiobacillus. The rock biofertilizers (BPK) may produce a complete biofertilizer (BNPK) mixing with organic matter inoculated with free living diazotrophic bacteria to enrich the substrate in N by the process of biological nitrogen fixation and produce a bioprotector (PNPK) introducing the fungi Cunninghamella elegans, that contain chitin and chitosan in their cellular wall which protect plants against pathogens. In this way the aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the biofertilizer and bioprotector to observe in vitro the antifungic activity of the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (FOC) that promote the Panana disease on banana crop; and moreover to evaluate the effects of chitosan and of the bioprotector (PNPK) to control the phitopatogen and the nutritional status of banana seedlings in cultivar resistant and sensible to the disease. Also, the objective of the study is to evaluate the effects of different fertilization treatments in some soil attributes. In the rock biofertilizer production were used two rates of elemental sulfur (10 and 20 %) inoculated with the oxidative bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans strain FG01, applying viable cells in concentration 106 mL-1. The bacterium was added in proportion equivalent to 1mL per g of elemental sulfur. In the in vitro assay the antimicrobial activity was evaluated against the FOC using the macrodilution technique with Potato - Dextrose (PD) and inoculating 0.2 mL of the spore suspention with concentration 3.5 x 106 spores mL-1, and incubated in Potato-Dextrose-Agar (BDA) without test substrate to determine the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and the MFC (Minimal Fungicidic Concentration), respectively. The fungi were inclubated at 28 ˚C for 7 days. The chitosan were applied in different rates (12; 10; 8; 6; 4; 2; 1 a 0 mg mL-1). The rate of chitosan equivalent to 1.0 mg mL-1 inhibits the FOC growth, and the same value was found when determined the MFC. The greenhouse experiment (pots of 2 L) used a Red Yellow Argisoil (1.5 kg vaso-1) with one seedling per pot and applying the treatments 30 days before the FOC inoculation. The banana seedlings were harvested 40 days after the pathogen inoculation and evaluated: Index of disease severity, dry shoot biomass, analyses of total N, P and K in shoots, and the soil chemical analyzes. The results showed that the biofertilizes produced in laboratory may be used to replacement of soluble fertilizers, and manufactured by low and medium producers to promote opportunities for low farmers. The results in the in vitro assays showed the antimicrobial potential of the fungi chitosan against the phytopatogenic fungi (FOC) in the banana crop and may be alternative to control the Panamá disease. The greenhouse experiment confirmed that in a general the bioprotector applied in great rates PNPK2 (150% recommended rate) and PNPK2+Q (150% recommended rate plus fungi chitosan) resulted in reduction in the index of disease severity, and independent of the cultivar, showed the best results of shoot dry biomass. The best results of the chemical analyzes turn evident the use of new fertilizer sources for reduction of the soil problems. |
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Stamford, Newton PereiraMusser, Rosimar dos SantosStamford, Thayza Christina MontenegroLima, Marcos Antônio Barbosa deSantos, Carolina Etienne de Rosália e SilvaLyra, Maria do Carmo Catanho Pereira dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6720540732912541SILVA, Emmanuella Vila Nova da2016-06-20T13:56:49Z2016-02-26SILVA, Emmanuella Vila Nova da. Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana. 2016. 149 f. Tese (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo) - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife.http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4827In a modern agriculture the use of fertilizers and correctives aim to promote increment in food production, attending economic criterious and also to maintain the biota diversity and soil fertility, reducing environmental problems. One viable alternative is the use of phosphate and potassic rocks plus sulfur inoculated with the oxidative bacteria Acidithiobacillus. The rock biofertilizers (BPK) may produce a complete biofertilizer (BNPK) mixing with organic matter inoculated with free living diazotrophic bacteria to enrich the substrate in N by the process of biological nitrogen fixation and produce a bioprotector (PNPK) introducing the fungi Cunninghamella elegans, that contain chitin and chitosan in their cellular wall which protect plants against pathogens. In this way the aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the biofertilizer and bioprotector to observe in vitro the antifungic activity of the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (FOC) that promote the Panana disease on banana crop; and moreover to evaluate the effects of chitosan and of the bioprotector (PNPK) to control the phitopatogen and the nutritional status of banana seedlings in cultivar resistant and sensible to the disease. Also, the objective of the study is to evaluate the effects of different fertilization treatments in some soil attributes. In the rock biofertilizer production were used two rates of elemental sulfur (10 and 20 %) inoculated with the oxidative bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans strain FG01, applying viable cells in concentration 106 mL-1. The bacterium was added in proportion equivalent to 1mL per g of elemental sulfur. In the in vitro assay the antimicrobial activity was evaluated against the FOC using the macrodilution technique with Potato - Dextrose (PD) and inoculating 0.2 mL of the spore suspention with concentration 3.5 x 106 spores mL-1, and incubated in Potato-Dextrose-Agar (BDA) without test substrate to determine the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and the MFC (Minimal Fungicidic Concentration), respectively. The fungi were inclubated at 28 ˚C for 7 days. The chitosan were applied in different rates (12; 10; 8; 6; 4; 2; 1 a 0 mg mL-1). The rate of chitosan equivalent to 1.0 mg mL-1 inhibits the FOC growth, and the same value was found when determined the MFC. The greenhouse experiment (pots of 2 L) used a Red Yellow Argisoil (1.5 kg vaso-1) with one seedling per pot and applying the treatments 30 days before the FOC inoculation. The banana seedlings were harvested 40 days after the pathogen inoculation and evaluated: Index of disease severity, dry shoot biomass, analyses of total N, P and K in shoots, and the soil chemical analyzes. The results showed that the biofertilizes produced in laboratory may be used to replacement of soluble fertilizers, and manufactured by low and medium producers to promote opportunities for low farmers. The results in the in vitro assays showed the antimicrobial potential of the fungi chitosan against the phytopatogenic fungi (FOC) in the banana crop and may be alternative to control the Panamá disease. The greenhouse experiment confirmed that in a general the bioprotector applied in great rates PNPK2 (150% recommended rate) and PNPK2+Q (150% recommended rate plus fungi chitosan) resulted in reduction in the index of disease severity, and independent of the cultivar, showed the best results of shoot dry biomass. The best results of the chemical analyzes turn evident the use of new fertilizer sources for reduction of the soil problems.Na agricultura moderna, a exigência do uso de fertilizantes e corretivos tem a finalidade de proporcionar incremento na produção de alimentos, atender os critérios econômicos, e também conservar a fertilidade e a biodiversidade do solo, procurando minimizar danos ao ambiente. Uma alternativa viável é a utilização de rochas fosfatadas (RP) e potássicas (RK) para produzir biofertilizantes, sendo misturados com enxofre elementar e inoculados com bactérias do gênero Acidithiobacillus. Os biofertilizantes de rocha (RP e RK) são misturados com matéria orgânica e inoculados com bactérias diazotróficas de vida livre, para incremento em N, nutriente tão exigido para o crescimento das plantas. Quando acrescido da biomassa do fungo Cunninghamella elegans, que possui quitina e quitosana em sua parede celular pode acrescentar ao material, propriedades antifúngicas e fungiostáticas (bioprotetor). O trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência do biofertilizante produzido em laboratório, a partir de RP e RK; verificar a atividade antifúngica da quitosana e da nanoquitosana, em experimentos in vitro em relação ao fungo patógeno Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (FOC) causador do mal-do-Panamá na cultura da banana; assim como avaliar o efeito da quitosana e do bioprotetor (PNPK) no controle de fitopatógeno e observar o status nutricional de mudas de banana (resistente e altamente susceptível). O trabalho também objetiva avaliar os efeitos do PNPK em atributos químicos do solo. Na produção do biofertilizante (fosfatado/potássico (BP/BK)), no laboratório, foram adicionadas duas doses (10 e 20%) de enxofre elementar inoculado com a bactéria acidificante Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans estirpe FG01, em concentração de células viáveis 106 mL-1. A inoculação com a bactéria foi efetuada ja uma proporção de 1mL por 1g de enxofre. No experimento in vitro, a atividade antimicrobiana da quitosana fúngica foi avaliada contra o FOC pela técnica de macrodiluição em caldo Batata-Dextrose (BD) com a inoculação de 0,2 mL de suspensão espórica, com 3,5 x 106 esporos mL-1, e posterior incubação em meio Batata-Dextrose-Ágar (BDA) sem substância teste, para determinar a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e a Concentração Fungicida Mínima (CFM), respectivamente. Os fungos foram incubados a 28 ˚C durante 7 dias. E a concentração da quitosana variou de 12; 10; 8; 6; 4; 2; 1 a 0 mg mL-1. A concentração de 1,0 mg mL-1 de quitosana foi capaz de inibir o crescimento do patógeno FOC, e este mesmo valor foi encontrado para a determinação da CFM. O experimento em casa de vegetação foi realizado em vasos com solo Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo (1,5 kg vaso-1). No plantio foi utilizada uma planta por vaso, sendo aplicados os tratamentos de adubação 30 dias antes da inoculação do patógeno. As mudas de banana foram coletadas 40 dias após a inoculação do patógeno e avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: índice de severidade da doença, biomassa seca da parte aérea, análise de N, P e K das plantas e análise dos atributos químicos do solo. Os resultados dos experimentos mostram que os adubos produzidos no laboratório podem ser utilizados em substituição aos fertilizantes minerais solúveis, e também podem ser produzidos por pequenas e médias empresas, criando oportunidades para os agricultores de baixa renda; os resultados do experimento in vitro demonstraram o potencial antimicrobiano da quitosana fúngica em relação ao fungo fitopatogênico FOC da cultura da banana demonstrando uma alternativa para o controle do mal-do Panamá. O experimento em casa-de-vegetação confirmou que, de um modo geral, o bioprotetor PNPK2 (150% da dose recomendada) e PNPK2+Q (150% da DR acrescido de quitosana) resultaram no menor índice de severidade da doença, e independente da variedade apresentaram os melhores resultados da parte aérea, assim como os melhores resultados de atributos químicos do solo, reforçando o uso de novas fontes de nutrientes, que não agridam o solo e seja uma alternativa aos fertilizantes minerais solúveis.Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2016-06-20T13:56:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Emmanuella Vila Nova da Silva.pdf: 2141238 bytes, checksum: 4195dd6b72ac80c98d8b491bfb7f52e3 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-20T13:56:49Z (GMT). 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Effectiveness of rock biofertilizers with organic matter adding fungi chitosan on banana crop |
title |
Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana |
spellingShingle |
Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana SILVA, Emmanuella Vila Nova da Biofertilizante Matéria orgânica Quitosana fúngica Banana AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana |
title_full |
Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana |
title_fullStr |
Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana |
title_full_unstemmed |
Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana |
title_sort |
Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana |
author |
SILVA, Emmanuella Vila Nova da |
author_facet |
SILVA, Emmanuella Vila Nova da |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Stamford, Newton Pereira |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Musser, Rosimar dos Santos |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Stamford, Thayza Christina Montenegro |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Lima, Marcos Antônio Barbosa de |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Carolina Etienne de Rosália e Silva |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Lyra, Maria do Carmo Catanho Pereira de |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6720540732912541 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
SILVA, Emmanuella Vila Nova da |
contributor_str_mv |
Stamford, Newton Pereira Musser, Rosimar dos Santos Stamford, Thayza Christina Montenegro Lima, Marcos Antônio Barbosa de Santos, Carolina Etienne de Rosália e Silva Lyra, Maria do Carmo Catanho Pereira de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Biofertilizante Matéria orgânica Quitosana fúngica Banana |
topic |
Biofertilizante Matéria orgânica Quitosana fúngica Banana AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
In a modern agriculture the use of fertilizers and correctives aim to promote increment in food production, attending economic criterious and also to maintain the biota diversity and soil fertility, reducing environmental problems. One viable alternative is the use of phosphate and potassic rocks plus sulfur inoculated with the oxidative bacteria Acidithiobacillus. The rock biofertilizers (BPK) may produce a complete biofertilizer (BNPK) mixing with organic matter inoculated with free living diazotrophic bacteria to enrich the substrate in N by the process of biological nitrogen fixation and produce a bioprotector (PNPK) introducing the fungi Cunninghamella elegans, that contain chitin and chitosan in their cellular wall which protect plants against pathogens. In this way the aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the biofertilizer and bioprotector to observe in vitro the antifungic activity of the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (FOC) that promote the Panana disease on banana crop; and moreover to evaluate the effects of chitosan and of the bioprotector (PNPK) to control the phitopatogen and the nutritional status of banana seedlings in cultivar resistant and sensible to the disease. Also, the objective of the study is to evaluate the effects of different fertilization treatments in some soil attributes. In the rock biofertilizer production were used two rates of elemental sulfur (10 and 20 %) inoculated with the oxidative bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans strain FG01, applying viable cells in concentration 106 mL-1. The bacterium was added in proportion equivalent to 1mL per g of elemental sulfur. In the in vitro assay the antimicrobial activity was evaluated against the FOC using the macrodilution technique with Potato - Dextrose (PD) and inoculating 0.2 mL of the spore suspention with concentration 3.5 x 106 spores mL-1, and incubated in Potato-Dextrose-Agar (BDA) without test substrate to determine the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and the MFC (Minimal Fungicidic Concentration), respectively. The fungi were inclubated at 28 ˚C for 7 days. The chitosan were applied in different rates (12; 10; 8; 6; 4; 2; 1 a 0 mg mL-1). The rate of chitosan equivalent to 1.0 mg mL-1 inhibits the FOC growth, and the same value was found when determined the MFC. The greenhouse experiment (pots of 2 L) used a Red Yellow Argisoil (1.5 kg vaso-1) with one seedling per pot and applying the treatments 30 days before the FOC inoculation. The banana seedlings were harvested 40 days after the pathogen inoculation and evaluated: Index of disease severity, dry shoot biomass, analyses of total N, P and K in shoots, and the soil chemical analyzes. The results showed that the biofertilizes produced in laboratory may be used to replacement of soluble fertilizers, and manufactured by low and medium producers to promote opportunities for low farmers. The results in the in vitro assays showed the antimicrobial potential of the fungi chitosan against the phytopatogenic fungi (FOC) in the banana crop and may be alternative to control the Panamá disease. The greenhouse experiment confirmed that in a general the bioprotector applied in great rates PNPK2 (150% recommended rate) and PNPK2+Q (150% recommended rate plus fungi chitosan) resulted in reduction in the index of disease severity, and independent of the cultivar, showed the best results of shoot dry biomass. The best results of the chemical analyzes turn evident the use of new fertilizer sources for reduction of the soil problems. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-20T13:56:49Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2016-02-26 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
SILVA, Emmanuella Vila Nova da. Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana. 2016. 149 f. Tese (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo) - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4827 |
identifier_str_mv |
SILVA, Emmanuella Vila Nova da. Eficiência de biofertilizante de rochas e matéria orgânica com adição de quitosana fungica na cultura da banana. 2016. 149 f. Tese (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo) - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife. |
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http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4827 |
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por |
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por |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
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application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFRPE |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Departamento de Agronomia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE instname:Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE) instacron:UFRPE |
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Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE) |
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UFRPE |
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UFRPE |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE |
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http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/bitstream/tede2/4827/1/license.txt http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/bitstream/tede2/4827/2/Emmanuella+Vila+Nova+da+Silva.pdf |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE) |
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bdtd@ufrpe.br ||bdtd@ufrpe.br |
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