Weed supression by smother crops and selective herbicides

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Severino, Francisco José
Data de Publicação: 2004
Outros Autores: Christoffoleti, Pedro Jacob
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Scientia Agrícola (Online)
Texto Completo: https://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/21944
Resumo: Using a smother crop is thought to suppress weed density and to add other beneficial effects in sustainable agricultural systems. Weed suppression ought to be considered an essential component of integrated weed management. However, very little is known about the effects of green manure plants on weeds. This study evaluated the influence of three green manure species on weed suppression and selectivity of herbicides. A field experiment was designed to determine the effect of the green manure species Crotalaria juncea, Arachis pintoi and pigeon pea on the weeds Brachiaria decumbens, guineagrass and hairy beggarticks, and on the natural weed infestation in the inter rows area of an avocado orchard. The weed species were suppressed differently by each green manure species. Soil samples collected from the field experiment presented a residual effect, of at least 30 d, in suppressing weed seed bank recruitment; this residual effect was caused by the residues of the green manure present in the soil. When the green manure was incorporated into the top 5 cm of soil or left on the surface, in a greenhouse experiment, the emergence of weed seeds was significantly inhibited, depending on the species, and on the amount and depth of green manure incorporation. Greenhouse experiments indicate that pre-emergence herbicides cause lower phytotoxicity than post-emergence Arachis pintoi. Smother crops using green manure species, when well established in an area, provide additional weed control to the cropping system and are effective and valuable tools in integrated weed management.
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spelling Weed supression by smother crops and selective herbicides Supressão de plantas daninhas por adubos verdes e herbicidas seletivos manejo integradodinâmica do banco de sementesfitotoxicidadeintegrated weed managementseed bank dynamicsphytotoxicity Using a smother crop is thought to suppress weed density and to add other beneficial effects in sustainable agricultural systems. Weed suppression ought to be considered an essential component of integrated weed management. However, very little is known about the effects of green manure plants on weeds. This study evaluated the influence of three green manure species on weed suppression and selectivity of herbicides. A field experiment was designed to determine the effect of the green manure species Crotalaria juncea, Arachis pintoi and pigeon pea on the weeds Brachiaria decumbens, guineagrass and hairy beggarticks, and on the natural weed infestation in the inter rows area of an avocado orchard. The weed species were suppressed differently by each green manure species. Soil samples collected from the field experiment presented a residual effect, of at least 30 d, in suppressing weed seed bank recruitment; this residual effect was caused by the residues of the green manure present in the soil. When the green manure was incorporated into the top 5 cm of soil or left on the surface, in a greenhouse experiment, the emergence of weed seeds was significantly inhibited, depending on the species, and on the amount and depth of green manure incorporation. Greenhouse experiments indicate that pre-emergence herbicides cause lower phytotoxicity than post-emergence Arachis pintoi. Smother crops using green manure species, when well established in an area, provide additional weed control to the cropping system and are effective and valuable tools in integrated weed management. A utilização de adubos verdes para supressão de plantas daninhas pode fazer parte do seu manejo integrado nos agroecossistemas. Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos supressivos dos adubos verdes Arachis pintoi, Crotalaria juncea L. Cajanus cajan L. Millsp sobre a infestação das plantas daninhas Brachiaria decumbens Stapf., Panicum maximum Jacq., Bidens pilosa L. e infestação natural da área, bem como a seletividade de herbicidas ao Arachis pintoi, submetido a aplicações em pré e pós-emergência, foram instalados quatro experimentos, sendo um em condições de campo e três em casa-de-vegetação, em Piracicaba-SP. Os delineamentos experimentais utilizados foram de blocos casualisados, sendo que o experimento de campo foi instalado em parcelas subdivididas e os de casa-de-vegetação em esquema fatorial. Os parâmetros foram contagem da infestação de plantas daninhas por vaso e ou por m², produção de biomassa seca das plantas daninhas e das leguminosas, bem como para o Arachis pintoi a produção de biomassa seca e de fitotoxicidade quando submetido a aplicações de herbicidas em pré e pós-emergência. A utilização de adubos verdes contribuiu na redução de populações das plantas daninhas testadas, auxiliando no seu manejo integrado, sendo que as infestações foram suprimidas diferentemente pelos adubos verdes. As aplicações de herbicidas pré-emergentes causaram menor fitotoxicidade e menor redução na produção de biomassa seca do Arachis pintoi do que os aplicados em pós-emergência. Assim, alguns destes herbicidas podem ser utilizados tanto para o controle do crescimento do adubo verde quanto para o controle de plantas daninhas, principalmente no estabelecimento inicial do Arachis pintoi. Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz2004-02-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/2194410.1590/S0103-90162004000100004Scientia Agricola; v. 61 n. 1 (2004); 21-26Scientia Agricola; Vol. 61 No. 1 (2004); 21-26Scientia Agricola; Vol. 61 Núm. 1 (2004); 21-261678-992X0103-9016reponame:Scientia Agrícola (Online)instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPenghttps://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/21944/23968Copyright (c) 2015 Scientia Agricolainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSeverino, Francisco JoséChristoffoleti, Pedro Jacob2015-07-07T16:44:53Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/21944Revistahttp://revistas.usp.br/sa/indexPUBhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phpscientia@usp.br||alleoni@usp.br1678-992X0103-9016opendoar:2015-07-07T16:44:53Scientia Agrícola (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Weed supression by smother crops and selective herbicides
Supressão de plantas daninhas por adubos verdes e herbicidas seletivos
title Weed supression by smother crops and selective herbicides
spellingShingle Weed supression by smother crops and selective herbicides
Severino, Francisco José
manejo integrado
dinâmica do banco de sementes
fitotoxicidade
integrated weed management
seed bank dynamics
phytotoxicity
title_short Weed supression by smother crops and selective herbicides
title_full Weed supression by smother crops and selective herbicides
title_fullStr Weed supression by smother crops and selective herbicides
title_full_unstemmed Weed supression by smother crops and selective herbicides
title_sort Weed supression by smother crops and selective herbicides
author Severino, Francisco José
author_facet Severino, Francisco José
Christoffoleti, Pedro Jacob
author_role author
author2 Christoffoleti, Pedro Jacob
author2_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Severino, Francisco José
Christoffoleti, Pedro Jacob
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv manejo integrado
dinâmica do banco de sementes
fitotoxicidade
integrated weed management
seed bank dynamics
phytotoxicity
topic manejo integrado
dinâmica do banco de sementes
fitotoxicidade
integrated weed management
seed bank dynamics
phytotoxicity
description Using a smother crop is thought to suppress weed density and to add other beneficial effects in sustainable agricultural systems. Weed suppression ought to be considered an essential component of integrated weed management. However, very little is known about the effects of green manure plants on weeds. This study evaluated the influence of three green manure species on weed suppression and selectivity of herbicides. A field experiment was designed to determine the effect of the green manure species Crotalaria juncea, Arachis pintoi and pigeon pea on the weeds Brachiaria decumbens, guineagrass and hairy beggarticks, and on the natural weed infestation in the inter rows area of an avocado orchard. The weed species were suppressed differently by each green manure species. Soil samples collected from the field experiment presented a residual effect, of at least 30 d, in suppressing weed seed bank recruitment; this residual effect was caused by the residues of the green manure present in the soil. When the green manure was incorporated into the top 5 cm of soil or left on the surface, in a greenhouse experiment, the emergence of weed seeds was significantly inhibited, depending on the species, and on the amount and depth of green manure incorporation. Greenhouse experiments indicate that pre-emergence herbicides cause lower phytotoxicity than post-emergence Arachis pintoi. Smother crops using green manure species, when well established in an area, provide additional weed control to the cropping system and are effective and valuable tools in integrated weed management.
publishDate 2004
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2004-02-01
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/21944
10.1590/S0103-90162004000100004
url https://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/21944
identifier_str_mv 10.1590/S0103-90162004000100004
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/21944/23968
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Copyright (c) 2015 Scientia Agricola
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Copyright (c) 2015 Scientia Agricola
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Scientia Agricola; v. 61 n. 1 (2004); 21-26
Scientia Agricola; Vol. 61 No. 1 (2004); 21-26
Scientia Agricola; Vol. 61 Núm. 1 (2004); 21-26
1678-992X
0103-9016
reponame:Scientia Agrícola (Online)
instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron:USP
instname_str Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron_str USP
institution USP
reponame_str Scientia Agrícola (Online)
collection Scientia Agrícola (Online)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Scientia Agrícola (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv scientia@usp.br||alleoni@usp.br
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