PUBLIC SECURITY POLICIES IN SPAIN. ANALYSIS FROM CRIMINOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | spa |
Título da fonte: | Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza) |
Texto Completo: | https://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/article/view/4664 |
Resumo: | Objective: Public safety is considered a component of social welfare, where, in general, through a rule of law that generates suitable conditions for development, and generates in the citizenry the full confidence that life, patrimony and other legal assets are exempt from danger. All this, together with a number of other factors, make up what Ullrich Beck (1992) called the Risk Society, which can be summarized as the increase in social demand for control of all dangerous elements of human origin. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the process and design of public policies aimed at reducing crime. Public security policies have become the main element in every nation to try to reduce the problem of public insecurity. Spain has moved from a strictly punitive model against crime to a preventive approach, which has resulted in improving conditions and environment in the population, to promote other types of activities that limit or move the individual away from criminal behavior, with the objective of identifying the action plan followed by public safety policies implemented in Spain in order to reduce crime.Methodology: In order to carry out this work, a pure (basic) research has been carried out with the purpose of broadening and deepening the knowledge of the study. The method used was the qualitative one, by means of material and cultural sources valuable information has been obtained to be able to expose the problem. Due to the external characteristics of the sources consulted, bibliographic and documentary sources were used, since the process of techniques used for the collection, selection, classification and analysis of the information will serve us, a priori, for the elaboration of the research on public security policies, observing and reflecting systematically on the theoretical realities from different criminological perspectives. All the biographical and documentary research carried out for the realization of the work, have followed the selection criteria of relevance, completeness and timeliness.Results: In order to measure security, we must pay attention to both the objective dimension, related to the incidence of registered criminal events, and its subjective dimension, related to the perception of the danger of passing through a certain space. A significant number of crimes are suffered by a very limited number of people who are victimized repeatedly. Moreover, it is common for a small group of offenders to be responsible for a significant portion of all crimes. If we complement this perspective with geographical (hot spots), temporal and contagion aspects, we will be able to establish more effective crime prevention and reduction mechanisms. Recurrent victimization surveys would reinforce the total vision of security and prevention.Conclusions: To prevent crime, public authorities should turn to Criminology and complement their public safety agendas through situational prevention models, committing themselves to apply appropriate measures based on scientific findings and always evaluating their results through quality standards, in order to be efficient in the use of public resources. It is hoped that public security policies in general will be able to shape a proposal as a medium to long term approach to reduce the incidence of crime, but necessarily, conceiving the criminal phenomenon as an activity that, to a greater or lesser extent, will continue to be present in societies. |
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PUBLIC SECURITY POLICIES IN SPAIN. ANALYSIS FROM CRIMINOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVESPOLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SEGURIDAD EN ESPAÑA. ANÁLISIS DESDE PERSPECTIVAS CRIMINOLÓGICAScriminologycrimecitizen insecuritycitizen safetypublic safety.criminologíadelincuenciainseguridad ciudadanaseguridad ciudadanaseguridad pública.Objective: Public safety is considered a component of social welfare, where, in general, through a rule of law that generates suitable conditions for development, and generates in the citizenry the full confidence that life, patrimony and other legal assets are exempt from danger. All this, together with a number of other factors, make up what Ullrich Beck (1992) called the Risk Society, which can be summarized as the increase in social demand for control of all dangerous elements of human origin. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the process and design of public policies aimed at reducing crime. Public security policies have become the main element in every nation to try to reduce the problem of public insecurity. Spain has moved from a strictly punitive model against crime to a preventive approach, which has resulted in improving conditions and environment in the population, to promote other types of activities that limit or move the individual away from criminal behavior, with the objective of identifying the action plan followed by public safety policies implemented in Spain in order to reduce crime.Methodology: In order to carry out this work, a pure (basic) research has been carried out with the purpose of broadening and deepening the knowledge of the study. The method used was the qualitative one, by means of material and cultural sources valuable information has been obtained to be able to expose the problem. Due to the external characteristics of the sources consulted, bibliographic and documentary sources were used, since the process of techniques used for the collection, selection, classification and analysis of the information will serve us, a priori, for the elaboration of the research on public security policies, observing and reflecting systematically on the theoretical realities from different criminological perspectives. All the biographical and documentary research carried out for the realization of the work, have followed the selection criteria of relevance, completeness and timeliness.Results: In order to measure security, we must pay attention to both the objective dimension, related to the incidence of registered criminal events, and its subjective dimension, related to the perception of the danger of passing through a certain space. A significant number of crimes are suffered by a very limited number of people who are victimized repeatedly. Moreover, it is common for a small group of offenders to be responsible for a significant portion of all crimes. If we complement this perspective with geographical (hot spots), temporal and contagion aspects, we will be able to establish more effective crime prevention and reduction mechanisms. Recurrent victimization surveys would reinforce the total vision of security and prevention.Conclusions: To prevent crime, public authorities should turn to Criminology and complement their public safety agendas through situational prevention models, committing themselves to apply appropriate measures based on scientific findings and always evaluating their results through quality standards, in order to be efficient in the use of public resources. It is hoped that public security policies in general will be able to shape a proposal as a medium to long term approach to reduce the incidence of crime, but necessarily, conceiving the criminal phenomenon as an activity that, to a greater or lesser extent, will continue to be present in societies.Objetivo: La seguridad pública se considera un componente del bienestar social, donde por lo general, mediante un Estado de derecho que genere condiciones idóneas para el desarrollo, y generar en la ciudadanía la plena confianza de que la vida, el patrimonio y otros bienes jurídicos estén exentos de peligros. Todo ello, junto con un buen número de factores configuran lo que Ullrich Beck (1992), denominó la Sociedad del riesgo, que se resumiría en el aumento de la exigencia social hacia un control de todos los elementos peligrosos de procedencia humana. El propósito de este trabajo es observar una panorámica sobre el proceso y diseño de las políticas públicas con el fin de reducir la delincuencia. Las políticas de seguridad pública se convierten en el principal elemento de cada nación para tratar de disminuir la problemática de la inseguridad pública. En España se ha pasado de un modelo estrictamente punitivo frente a la delincuencia, hacia un enfoque preventivo, lo que se ha traducido en mejorar condiciones y ambiente en la población, para fomentar otro tipo de actividades que limiten o alejen al individuo de un comportamiento delictivo, con el objetivo, en este de identificar que plan de acción han seguido las políticas de seguridad pública que se ha implementado en España con el fin de reducir la delincuencia.Metodología: Para la realización del presente trabajo se ha realizado una Investigación pura (básica) con la finalidad de ampliar y profundizar el conocimiento de estudio. El método utilizado ha sido el cualitativo, por medio de las fuentes materiales y culturales se ha obtenido una información valiosa para poder exponer el problema. Por las características externas de las fuentes consultadas, se ha utilizado la bibliográfica y documental ya que el proceso de técnicas realizadas para la recolección, selección, clasificación, y análisis de la información nos servirá, a priori, para la elaboración de la investigación sobre las políticas públicas en seguridad, observando y reflexionando sistemáticamente sobre las realidades teóricas desde distintas perspectivas criminológicas. Toda la investigación biográfica y documental llevada a cabo para la realización del trabajo, han seguido los criterios de selección de pertinencia, exhaustividad y actualidad.Resultados: Para la medición de la seguridad, debemos atender tanto a la dimensión objetiva, relativa a la incidencia de eventos delictivos registrados, como su dimensión subjetiva, relativa a la percepción acerca de la peligrosidad que reviste transitar por un determinado espacio. Una parte importante de los delitos la sufre un número muy limitado de personas que son victimizadas en repetidas ocasiones. Además, es frecuente que un pequeño grupo de infractores sea responsable de una parte importante del total de delitos. Si completamos esta perspectiva con el aspecto geográfico (hot spots), el temporal y de contagio, podremos establecer mecanismos más eficaces de prevención y reducción de la delincuencia. Encuestas de victimización recurrentes reforzarían la visión total de la seguridad y la prevención.Conclusiones: Para prevenir el delito los poderes públicos deben recurrir a la Criminología y complementar sus agendas de seguridad publica mediante modelos de prevención situacional, comprometiéndose a aplicar medidas adecuadas basadas en los hallazgos científicos y evaluando siempre sus resultados mediante estandares de calidad, para ser eficientes en el uso de los recursos públicos. Se anhela por la generalidad de las políticas publicas en seguridad poder plasmar una propuesta a manera de aproximación a medio-largo plazo con el fin de reducir la incidencia delictiva, pero necesariamente, concibiendo al fenómeno delictivo como una actividad que en mayor o menor medida, continuara estando presente en las sociedades.Instituto para o Desenvolvimento da Educacao (Centro Universitário Christus - Unichristus)2023-04-19info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionArticulo de revisiónapplication/pdfapplication/xmlhttps://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/article/view/466410.12662/2447-6641oj.v21i37.p183-211.2023Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza); Vol. 21 No. 37 (2023); 183-211Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza); Vol. 21 Núm. 37 (2023); 183-211Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza); Vol. 21 No 37 (2023); 183-211Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza); v. 21 n. 37 (2023); 183-2112447-66411806-042010.12662/2447-6641oj.v21i37.2023reponame:Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza)instname:Centro Universitário Christus (Unichristus)instacron:UNICHRISTUSspahttps://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/article/view/4664/1732https://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/article/view/4664/1751Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessDelgado Morán, Juan José2023-08-17T16:23:52Zoai:ojs.emnuvens.com.br:article/4664Revistahttps://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridicaPRIhttps://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/oaiopiniaojuridica01@unichristus.edu.br || secretaria.oj@unichristus.edu.br2447-66411806-0420opendoar:2023-08-17T16:23:52Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza) - Centro Universitário Christus (Unichristus)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
PUBLIC SECURITY POLICIES IN SPAIN. ANALYSIS FROM CRIMINOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SEGURIDAD EN ESPAÑA. ANÁLISIS DESDE PERSPECTIVAS CRIMINOLÓGICAS |
title |
PUBLIC SECURITY POLICIES IN SPAIN. ANALYSIS FROM CRIMINOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES |
spellingShingle |
PUBLIC SECURITY POLICIES IN SPAIN. ANALYSIS FROM CRIMINOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES Delgado Morán, Juan José criminology crime citizen insecurity citizen safety public safety. criminología delincuencia inseguridad ciudadana seguridad ciudadana seguridad pública. |
title_short |
PUBLIC SECURITY POLICIES IN SPAIN. ANALYSIS FROM CRIMINOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES |
title_full |
PUBLIC SECURITY POLICIES IN SPAIN. ANALYSIS FROM CRIMINOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES |
title_fullStr |
PUBLIC SECURITY POLICIES IN SPAIN. ANALYSIS FROM CRIMINOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES |
title_full_unstemmed |
PUBLIC SECURITY POLICIES IN SPAIN. ANALYSIS FROM CRIMINOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES |
title_sort |
PUBLIC SECURITY POLICIES IN SPAIN. ANALYSIS FROM CRIMINOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES |
author |
Delgado Morán, Juan José |
author_facet |
Delgado Morán, Juan José |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Delgado Morán, Juan José |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
criminology crime citizen insecurity citizen safety public safety. criminología delincuencia inseguridad ciudadana seguridad ciudadana seguridad pública. |
topic |
criminology crime citizen insecurity citizen safety public safety. criminología delincuencia inseguridad ciudadana seguridad ciudadana seguridad pública. |
description |
Objective: Public safety is considered a component of social welfare, where, in general, through a rule of law that generates suitable conditions for development, and generates in the citizenry the full confidence that life, patrimony and other legal assets are exempt from danger. All this, together with a number of other factors, make up what Ullrich Beck (1992) called the Risk Society, which can be summarized as the increase in social demand for control of all dangerous elements of human origin. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the process and design of public policies aimed at reducing crime. Public security policies have become the main element in every nation to try to reduce the problem of public insecurity. Spain has moved from a strictly punitive model against crime to a preventive approach, which has resulted in improving conditions and environment in the population, to promote other types of activities that limit or move the individual away from criminal behavior, with the objective of identifying the action plan followed by public safety policies implemented in Spain in order to reduce crime.Methodology: In order to carry out this work, a pure (basic) research has been carried out with the purpose of broadening and deepening the knowledge of the study. The method used was the qualitative one, by means of material and cultural sources valuable information has been obtained to be able to expose the problem. Due to the external characteristics of the sources consulted, bibliographic and documentary sources were used, since the process of techniques used for the collection, selection, classification and analysis of the information will serve us, a priori, for the elaboration of the research on public security policies, observing and reflecting systematically on the theoretical realities from different criminological perspectives. All the biographical and documentary research carried out for the realization of the work, have followed the selection criteria of relevance, completeness and timeliness.Results: In order to measure security, we must pay attention to both the objective dimension, related to the incidence of registered criminal events, and its subjective dimension, related to the perception of the danger of passing through a certain space. A significant number of crimes are suffered by a very limited number of people who are victimized repeatedly. Moreover, it is common for a small group of offenders to be responsible for a significant portion of all crimes. If we complement this perspective with geographical (hot spots), temporal and contagion aspects, we will be able to establish more effective crime prevention and reduction mechanisms. Recurrent victimization surveys would reinforce the total vision of security and prevention.Conclusions: To prevent crime, public authorities should turn to Criminology and complement their public safety agendas through situational prevention models, committing themselves to apply appropriate measures based on scientific findings and always evaluating their results through quality standards, in order to be efficient in the use of public resources. It is hoped that public security policies in general will be able to shape a proposal as a medium to long term approach to reduce the incidence of crime, but necessarily, conceiving the criminal phenomenon as an activity that, to a greater or lesser extent, will continue to be present in societies. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-04-19 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Articulo de revisión |
format |
article |
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publishedVersion |
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https://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/article/view/4664 10.12662/2447-6641oj.v21i37.p183-211.2023 |
url |
https://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/article/view/4664 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.12662/2447-6641oj.v21i37.p183-211.2023 |
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spa |
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spa |
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https://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/article/view/4664/1732 https://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/article/view/4664/1751 |
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Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza) info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza) |
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Instituto para o Desenvolvimento da Educacao (Centro Universitário Christus - Unichristus) |
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Instituto para o Desenvolvimento da Educacao (Centro Universitário Christus - Unichristus) |
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Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza); Vol. 21 No. 37 (2023); 183-211 Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza); Vol. 21 Núm. 37 (2023); 183-211 Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza); Vol. 21 No 37 (2023); 183-211 Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza); v. 21 n. 37 (2023); 183-211 2447-6641 1806-0420 10.12662/2447-6641oj.v21i37.2023 reponame:Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza) instname:Centro Universitário Christus (Unichristus) instacron:UNICHRISTUS |
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Centro Universitário Christus (Unichristus) |
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UNICHRISTUS |
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UNICHRISTUS |
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Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza) |
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Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza) |
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Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza) - Centro Universitário Christus (Unichristus) |
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opiniaojuridica01@unichristus.edu.br || secretaria.oj@unichristus.edu.br |
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