The Dual Treatment of Political Offenses Within the Framework of Human Rights
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Data de Publicação: | 2015 |
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Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Revista de Direitos Humanos e Efetividade |
Texto Completo: | http://www.indexlaw.org/index.php/revistadhe/article/view/122 |
Resumo: | In general, the expression political offense means every harmful act against the domestic or international public order and against national security. However, there is a double treatment for this behavior in the Brazilian system. On one hand, the expression was used especially during the era of Brazilian authoritarian regimes to designate any activity against the public order policy and national security. In these cases, the political nature of the offense served to justify the loss of rights and guarantees, such as the prohibition of habeas corpus, the trial of civilians by military personnel and the aggravation of penalties. On the other, the characterization of a crime as a political may prevent the extradition of foreigners by granting them the possibility of obtaining asylum in the country, which hinders the criminal persecution action from the other State. Hence, this paper aims to demonstrate this duplicity of treatment of political offenses in Brazilian law, as well as the criteria used for this categorization. The methodology consists of a historical analysis of the aforementioned concept and presents the current state of the art as to its uses in Brazil. In order to achieve our purposes, we have employed as sources the national and international norms that display the category political offense and their empiric interpretation in the rulings of the Brazilian Supreme Court, since the Vargas Era until today. |
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The Dual Treatment of Political Offenses Within the Framework of Human RightsO Tratamento Dual dos Crimes Políticos no Contexto dos Direitos HumanosHuman rights, Political offenses, National security law, ExtradictionDireitos humanos, Crime político, Lei de segurança nacional, ExtradiçãoIn general, the expression political offense means every harmful act against the domestic or international public order and against national security. However, there is a double treatment for this behavior in the Brazilian system. On one hand, the expression was used especially during the era of Brazilian authoritarian regimes to designate any activity against the public order policy and national security. In these cases, the political nature of the offense served to justify the loss of rights and guarantees, such as the prohibition of habeas corpus, the trial of civilians by military personnel and the aggravation of penalties. On the other, the characterization of a crime as a political may prevent the extradition of foreigners by granting them the possibility of obtaining asylum in the country, which hinders the criminal persecution action from the other State. Hence, this paper aims to demonstrate this duplicity of treatment of political offenses in Brazilian law, as well as the criteria used for this categorization. The methodology consists of a historical analysis of the aforementioned concept and presents the current state of the art as to its uses in Brazil. In order to achieve our purposes, we have employed as sources the national and international norms that display the category political offense and their empiric interpretation in the rulings of the Brazilian Supreme Court, since the Vargas Era until today.A expressão crime político designa genericamente todo o ato atentatório contra a ordem pública interna ou externa e contra a segurança nacional. No entanto, há um duplo tratamento para essa conduta no ordenamento brasileiro. De um lado, a expressão foi utilizada especialmente durante a época dos regimes autoritários brasileiros para designar toda a atividade contra a ordem pública e a segurança nacional. Nestes casos, a qualificação de crime político serviu de justificativa para a perda de direitos e garantias processuais, como a proibição do habeas corpus, o julgamento de civis por militares e o agravamento de penas. De outro, a caracterização de um crime como político pode obstar a extradição de estrangeiros e lhes conceder a possibilidade de obter asilo no país, o que impede a atividade persecutória penal do outro Estado. Assim, o presente artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar essa duplicidade de tratamento dos crimes políticos no direito brasileiro, bem como os critérios utilizados para a sua categorização. A metodologia utilizada consiste numa análise histórica do conceito mencionado e apresenta o estado da arte quanto aos seus usos no Brasil contemporâneo. Para a realização dos nossos objetivos, utilizamos como fontes as normas nacionais e internacionais que versam sobre a categoria de crime político e a sua interpretação jurisprudencial desde a Era Vargas até o período atual, tendo como base empírica os julgados do Supremo Tribunal Federal.Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Pos-Graduacao em Direito - CONPEDIBarcellos, Daniela Silva Fontoura deMacedo, Paulo Emílio Vauthier Borges de2015-12-06info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionArtigo Avaliado pelos Paresapplication/pdfhttp://www.indexlaw.org/index.php/revistadhe/article/view/12210.26668/IndexLawJournals/2526-0022/2015.v1i1.122Revista de Direitos Humanos e Efetividade; v. 1, n. 1 (2015): JANEIRO-DEZEMRBO; 197-2172526-00222526-0022reponame:Revista de Direitos Humanos e Efetividadeinstname:Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação em Direito (CONPEDI)instacron:CONPEDIporhttp://www.indexlaw.org/index.php/revistadhe/article/view/122/122Direitos autorais 2016 Daniela Silva Fontoura de Barcellos, Paulo Emílio Vauthier Borges de Macedohttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2020-09-11T16:34:24Zoai:ojs.indexlaw.org:article/122Revistahttps://www.indexlaw.org/index.php/revistadhe/PRIhttp://www.indexlaw.org/index.php/revistadhe/oai||indexlawjournals@gmail.com2526-00222526-0022opendoar:2020-09-11T16:34:24Revista de Direitos Humanos e Efetividade - Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação em Direito (CONPEDI)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The Dual Treatment of Political Offenses Within the Framework of Human Rights O Tratamento Dual dos Crimes Políticos no Contexto dos Direitos Humanos |
title |
The Dual Treatment of Political Offenses Within the Framework of Human Rights |
spellingShingle |
The Dual Treatment of Political Offenses Within the Framework of Human Rights Barcellos, Daniela Silva Fontoura de Human rights, Political offenses, National security law, Extradiction Direitos humanos, Crime político, Lei de segurança nacional, Extradição |
title_short |
The Dual Treatment of Political Offenses Within the Framework of Human Rights |
title_full |
The Dual Treatment of Political Offenses Within the Framework of Human Rights |
title_fullStr |
The Dual Treatment of Political Offenses Within the Framework of Human Rights |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Dual Treatment of Political Offenses Within the Framework of Human Rights |
title_sort |
The Dual Treatment of Political Offenses Within the Framework of Human Rights |
author |
Barcellos, Daniela Silva Fontoura de |
author_facet |
Barcellos, Daniela Silva Fontoura de Macedo, Paulo Emílio Vauthier Borges de |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Macedo, Paulo Emílio Vauthier Borges de |
author2_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
|
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Barcellos, Daniela Silva Fontoura de Macedo, Paulo Emílio Vauthier Borges de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Human rights, Political offenses, National security law, Extradiction Direitos humanos, Crime político, Lei de segurança nacional, Extradição |
topic |
Human rights, Political offenses, National security law, Extradiction Direitos humanos, Crime político, Lei de segurança nacional, Extradição |
description |
In general, the expression political offense means every harmful act against the domestic or international public order and against national security. However, there is a double treatment for this behavior in the Brazilian system. On one hand, the expression was used especially during the era of Brazilian authoritarian regimes to designate any activity against the public order policy and national security. In these cases, the political nature of the offense served to justify the loss of rights and guarantees, such as the prohibition of habeas corpus, the trial of civilians by military personnel and the aggravation of penalties. On the other, the characterization of a crime as a political may prevent the extradition of foreigners by granting them the possibility of obtaining asylum in the country, which hinders the criminal persecution action from the other State. Hence, this paper aims to demonstrate this duplicity of treatment of political offenses in Brazilian law, as well as the criteria used for this categorization. The methodology consists of a historical analysis of the aforementioned concept and presents the current state of the art as to its uses in Brazil. In order to achieve our purposes, we have employed as sources the national and international norms that display the category political offense and their empiric interpretation in the rulings of the Brazilian Supreme Court, since the Vargas Era until today. |
publishDate |
2015 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2015-12-06 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artigo Avaliado pelos Pares |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://www.indexlaw.org/index.php/revistadhe/article/view/122 10.26668/IndexLawJournals/2526-0022/2015.v1i1.122 |
url |
http://www.indexlaw.org/index.php/revistadhe/article/view/122 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.26668/IndexLawJournals/2526-0022/2015.v1i1.122 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
http://www.indexlaw.org/index.php/revistadhe/article/view/122/122 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Direitos autorais 2016 Daniela Silva Fontoura de Barcellos, Paulo Emílio Vauthier Borges de Macedo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Direitos autorais 2016 Daniela Silva Fontoura de Barcellos, Paulo Emílio Vauthier Borges de Macedo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Pos-Graduacao em Direito - CONPEDI |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Pos-Graduacao em Direito - CONPEDI |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Revista de Direitos Humanos e Efetividade; v. 1, n. 1 (2015): JANEIRO-DEZEMRBO; 197-217 2526-0022 2526-0022 reponame:Revista de Direitos Humanos e Efetividade instname:Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação em Direito (CONPEDI) instacron:CONPEDI |
instname_str |
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação em Direito (CONPEDI) |
instacron_str |
CONPEDI |
institution |
CONPEDI |
reponame_str |
Revista de Direitos Humanos e Efetividade |
collection |
Revista de Direitos Humanos e Efetividade |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Revista de Direitos Humanos e Efetividade - Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação em Direito (CONPEDI) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||indexlawjournals@gmail.com |
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