A política externa brasileira na temática humanitária nos governos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso e Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

• Autor(a) principal: Mezzomo, Bruna da Costa
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório do Centro Universitário Braz Cubas
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/2545
• topic: Regimes internacionais; Direitos humanos; Fernando Henrique Cardoso; Lula da Silva; Política externa brasileira; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO

This work constitutes an exploratory research, aiming to discuss the development of Brazil’s foreign policy, within the humanitarian theme, during the governments of Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. To answer the question that guides the research, through a bibliographic and documentary review of materials pertinent to the theme, it is explored the characteristics of each government’s foreign policy, as well as cases in which Brazil participated in humanitarian operations. It discusses the context in which the country decides to participate in the missions and the main contributions to them, based on the hypothesis that Fernando Henrique Cardoso aims for a position of regional leadership, while Lula mitigates the Brazilian protagonism in the context of the Global South. Thus, this work seeks to identify the motivations and relevance of Brazilian participation in UN peacekeeping missions, such as missions in East Timor, Haiti, and demining operations in Latin America, as well as humanitarian initiatives outside the scope of peacekeeping missions, exemplified by the reception of refugees in national territory. Important concepts for the study are presented, such as the definitions of international law, humanitarianism, and regimes. Thus, the theoretical perspective of Institutional Neoliberalism on international regimes is used, based on the studies of Hasenclever, Mayer and Rittberger (1997), Sarfati (2005) and Castro (2012), also discussing the relevance of cooperation within the context of humanitarian missions. With the presentation of the main aspects of each government’s foreign policy, this study identifies that constitutional respect for the regulation of Brazil’s international relations, as well as the desire to win a permanent seat on the UN Security Council are the main motivations for the country to participate in humanitarian operations. In addition, it is concluded that each government has its interests, consistent with their international strategies.