O poder político das ideias econômicas: continuidade e inflexão macroeconômica nos governos Lula

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Felipe Calabrez da
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10438/25724
• topic: Economic ideas; Ideational turn; Macroeconomic policy; Lula’s government; Discursive institutionalism; Developmentalism; Ideias econômicas; Virada ideacional; Política macroeconômica; Governo Lula; Institucionalismo discursivo; Desenvolvimentismo; Administração pública; Ciência política; Economia; Desenvolvimento econômico; Relações interorganizacionais

This thesis has a historical and an analytical purpose. Its historical objective is to demonstrate the way in which a party of left-wing origins arrives to the key economic policy decision-making posts of a state that had been institutionally shaped by the liberal reforms of the 1990s, when certain consensus was built on how the state operates macroeconomics. This arrival is marked by a careful strategy of signaling the maintenance of the macroeconomic pillars and by a subsequent gradual shift of the economic ideas that guide economic policy makers (2005-2006), when the pattern of macroeconomic response inherited from the previous government begins to change gradually as these alternative economic ideas (on the role of the State and on public investments) gain space within the government: First, they dispute certain diagnoses, then gain some space in the public debate, and finally, a decisive movement, gain space within organs with formal decision-making power and veto and rescue a vision with traces of what I called a Keynesian-developmental consensus. The analytical purpose is to demonstrate the impact of policymakers' economic ideas on policy trajectory. Through a case study of a decision-making conflict on fiscal policy I tried to demonstrate the hypothesis that the inflection towards an expansionary fiscal policy through the expansion of public investments can not be explained only in response to changes of external conjuncture and / or class pressures or interest groups. The way policymakers read reality, frame problems and elaborate practical answers to them (based on certain normative parameters, their “economic ideas”) has a significant explanatory weight on the decisions taken and, consequently, on the state institutional arrangement that operates the macroeconomic policy. Without neglecting the weight of "interests" and the configuration that capitalism has taken in Brazil, I sought to rescue the role of decision-makers and to explore the possible analytical gains of the so called “ideational turn” or “discursive institutionalism”, an approach centered on the relationship between politics, policy decision and the ideas.