A educação preventiva no desenvolvimento da criança: o entristecimento e a necessidade de adoção de ações redutoras de vulnerabilidades para a "educação psíquica"

• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Fernando Falabella Tavares de
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_SP
• Texto Completo: https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/16350
• topic: Educação preventiva; Psicanálise; Sexualidade; Drogas; Escolas; Redução de danos; Educacao -- Finalidades e objetivos; Educacao de criancas; Psicanalise e educacao; Programa Educacional de Resistencia as Drogas e a Violencia; Psychoanalysis; Sexuality; Drugs; Schools; Preventive education; Harm reduction; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO::FUNDAMENTOS DA EDUCACAO::PSICOLOGIA EDUCACIONAL

This dissertation was elaborated having theoretical research as method. A broad bibliographic review about the theme of prevention at school was conducted. The research problem is related to why preventive education with children in the schools should be started, and with what purpose. Moreover, it suggests guidelines to direct this issue. The dissertation s hypothesis are: 1) It is necessary that children develop the possibility of enduring experiences, frustrations, sadness and satisfaction since childhood, learning the limits that are necessary to live in society and that are imposed by life, so that they can incorporate preventive attitudes into their life. 2) To incorporate preventive attitudes throughout life, it is fundamental that the prevention work begins during childhood. Incorporating these preventive attitudes into daily life, by means of this educational work carried out since childhood, the subject would be more capable of taking precautions against the use of risk and even against dependence on psychotropic drugs, or against other compulsive behaviors that can also be harmful to human existence. If we understand prevention as education, the long and dedicated follow-up conducted with students in schools (the ideal place for this work, as it congregates parents, students and teachers without many gaps) will be an attempt to help them respect their own psyche, know their own vulnerability. Using the principle of harm reduction, they can make options, in the future, that are less harmful than the use of risk and dependence on psychotropic drugs; thus, they can refrain from adopting other compulsive, repetitive and thoughtless behaviors that do not allow them to know and face reality. Renowned researchers show that children are capable of absorbing the reality in which they live, provided that this reality is neither concealed nor denied by the adults, and provided that lies are not told to them and their capacity to think is not disrespected. According to psychoanalysis, young children can learn to live with frustrations, limitations and sorrows that are present in their daily life; they can learn to cope with mourning, with the anguish of not knowing and, thus, they gradually learn how to live within their own reality. The playing approach is a considerable help to these processes. Also, the teacher is indispensable and he should be prepared, since his studies, to assume the work regarding the students vulnerability and harm reduction, using, in a healthy way, the fascination he exercises over them and the transference that pervades this relationship. The dissertation confirms that preventive education should begin in the early stages of children s lives, in the schools. It should be conducted by means of continued actions that are able to reduce vulnerability levels and increase the capacity for tolerating the frustrations and difficulties of human existence. It is a harder path, but a reliable one; as for difficulties, they will always be present in our lives, challenging us