Produção imediata de leite conforme a via de parto em puérperas de gestação a termo

• Autor(a) principal: Zimmer, Genoveva
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7807
• topic: Leite Materno; Aleitamento Materno; Parto Normal; Cesárea; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Introduction: According to the literature, cesarean delivery represents an obstacle to breastfeeding in the first hours of life and is one of the factors for early weaning. One of the hypotheses to explain these findings is that the production of breast milk may be insufficient in the first hours after a cesarean section. However, the way by which delivery route affects the onset of breastfeeding is not clearly established. Objective: To compare the volume of breast milk at 12 and at 36 hours in puerperal women after normal delivery and cesarean section. Method: Cross-sectional study with quantitative analysis and non probabilistic convenience sampling. All the puerperae (and their newborns) with a singleton pregnancy of 38 to 42 weeks, whose delivery occurred from 8 pm to midnight between September 2016 and January 2017 were eligible for the study. They were divided into two groups, one of post normal delivery and the other of post cesarean section. Breast milk was collected at 12 and 36 hours postpartum with an electric breast pump, and its volume was based on the weight verified in a scale with 0.01 g precision. In addition to the way of delivery and the breast milk volume, variables included time of onset of breastfeeding and maternal as well as newborn characteristics. Results: Seventy-four puerperae were included in the normal delivery group and 26 in the cesarean section group. Both groups were similar for maternal and newborn characteristics. The median volume of milk collected at 12 hours was 0.90 mL (interquartile range 0.28-1.73 mL) in the normal delivery group, and 1.36 mL (interquartile range 0.36-2.91 mL ) in the cesarean section group (p=0.127). The median volume of milk collected at 36 hours was higher in the cesarean section group (4.23 mL, interquartile range 3.05-5.00 mL) than in the normal delivery group (3.22 mL, interquartile range 2.60-4.11 mL) (p=0.025). Regarding the time elapsed between delivery and the first feeding, no differences in milk volume were observed at both 12 and 36 hours in either group. When only cesarean deliverers were evaluated, there was no difference in milk volume between those with labor and no labor at 12 hours (p=0,411) or at 36 hours (p=0681). Conclusion: There was no difference in the volume of milk produced at 12 hours postpartum by puerperae with full term gestation, between the normal and cesarean delivery groups. At 36 hours postpartum, milk volume was higher in the cesarean section group, however the small difference was considered clinically irrelevant.