Birth Rate and Fertility: Knowledge and Expectations Analysis of 3585 University Students
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2014 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196 |
Resumo: | Introduction: Nowadays, Portuguese birth rate is insufficient to ensure renewal of generations. Women high education levels and labor market integration and increased economic difficulties are some of multiple factors leading to a delay in average parenting age and an increase of infertility; also subject to others such as obesity, smoking and alcohol consumption.Material and Methods: Transversal epidemiological study, analytical, uncontrolled, from self-filled online questionnaires, promoted by students’ university unions. A sample of 3585 university students was considered and a global and by gender statistic analysis was done through SPSS, Excel was used to build graphics and tables and ArcMap to represent maps. Results: Mainly students from the Health Sciences (40.6%), Universidade de Lisboa (59.4%), female (76.9%), median age of 22; intention to marry/ union 71.0%, parenthood 85.7%. A total of 18.4% smoke, 22.3% consume alcohol and obesity 15.4%; employment (47.4%) and the partner’s will (39.9%) were important determinants for parenthood decision as well as having financial stability to provide a good education (33.6%) and healthcare (38.6%); A total of 53.6% have considered the hypothesis of infertility and highlight above 35 year old maternal age (18.7%), obesity (18%) and female smoking (19.0) as factors. Higher and more significant values for smoking (p = 0.001) and alcohol consumption (p = 0.000) in males were found.Discussion: The sample seems representative, well distributed among different areas of study, with more female respondents than the university portuguese ratio. There are more students with parenting projects than marriage/cohabitation, in accordance with Portuguese data. Nevertheless, the same students identify the family as a priority in comparison with employment and career. Parenting decisions are tied by social-economic situation but an important factor is the low fertility due to the maternal age delay of the first pregnancy.Conclusion: University student unions are an excellent instrument to access them; a high number of respondents consider having children but delay the decision; there is a lack of information about the consequences of delaying parenting age and about infertility factors. The negative trend of fertility must be seen as a necessity to develop specific policies.Keywords: Birth Rate; Students; Universities; Fertility; Portugal. |
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Birth Rate and Fertility: Knowledge and Expectations Analysis of 3585 University StudentsNatalidade e Fertilidade: Análise dos Conhecimentos e Expectativas de 3585 Estudantes Universitários PortuguesesIntroduction: Nowadays, Portuguese birth rate is insufficient to ensure renewal of generations. Women high education levels and labor market integration and increased economic difficulties are some of multiple factors leading to a delay in average parenting age and an increase of infertility; also subject to others such as obesity, smoking and alcohol consumption.Material and Methods: Transversal epidemiological study, analytical, uncontrolled, from self-filled online questionnaires, promoted by students’ university unions. A sample of 3585 university students was considered and a global and by gender statistic analysis was done through SPSS, Excel was used to build graphics and tables and ArcMap to represent maps. Results: Mainly students from the Health Sciences (40.6%), Universidade de Lisboa (59.4%), female (76.9%), median age of 22; intention to marry/ union 71.0%, parenthood 85.7%. A total of 18.4% smoke, 22.3% consume alcohol and obesity 15.4%; employment (47.4%) and the partner’s will (39.9%) were important determinants for parenthood decision as well as having financial stability to provide a good education (33.6%) and healthcare (38.6%); A total of 53.6% have considered the hypothesis of infertility and highlight above 35 year old maternal age (18.7%), obesity (18%) and female smoking (19.0) as factors. Higher and more significant values for smoking (p = 0.001) and alcohol consumption (p = 0.000) in males were found.Discussion: The sample seems representative, well distributed among different areas of study, with more female respondents than the university portuguese ratio. There are more students with parenting projects than marriage/cohabitation, in accordance with Portuguese data. Nevertheless, the same students identify the family as a priority in comparison with employment and career. Parenting decisions are tied by social-economic situation but an important factor is the low fertility due to the maternal age delay of the first pregnancy.Conclusion: University student unions are an excellent instrument to access them; a high number of respondents consider having children but delay the decision; there is a lack of information about the consequences of delaying parenting age and about infertility factors. The negative trend of fertility must be seen as a necessity to develop specific policies.Keywords: Birth Rate; Students; Universities; Fertility; Portugal.Introdução: Em Portugal, a taxa de natalidade não é suficiente para assegurar a renovação de gerações. A licenciatura e participação no mercado de trabalho das mulheres e a actual instabilidade económica são alguns determinantes e têm como consequência, o adiamento da parentalidade e infertilidade condicionada ainda pela obesidade, tabagismo e álcool.Material e Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico transversal, analítico, através de questionários auto-preenchidos, online, divulgados pelas Associações de estudantes das Universidades Portuguesas. A análise estatística da amostra de 3585 estudantes foi desenvolvida em SPSS, Excel nas representações gráficas e ArcMap, para os mapas.Resultados: Predomínio de estudantes de Ciências de Saúde (40,6%), da Universidade de Lisboa (59,4%) e sexo feminino (76,9%), mediana de idades de 22 anos; tabagismo 18,4%, consumo de álcool 22,3% e excesso de peso e obesidade 15,4%; intenção de casamento/união de facto 71,0%, projecto de parentalidade 85,7%; o emprego (47,4%) e a vontade do parceiro (39,9%) foram considerados determinantes na probabilidade de ter filhos assim como a segurança financeira para boa educação (33,6%) e cuidados de saúde (38,6%); 53,6% consideram a hipótese de infertilidade. Encontrámos valores mais elevados e significativos para o tabagismo (p = 0,001) e consumo de álcool (p = 0,000) no sexo masculino.Discussão: Consideramos a amostra representativa, bem distribuída pelas áreas de estudo, a maioria jovem, predomínio feminino superior aos rácios das faculdades. Há mais estudantes com projectos de parentalidade do que de casamento/união de facto, o que está de acordo com a evolução em Portugal. No entanto, os mesmos estudantes identificam a família como prioritária relativamente ao emprego e carreira. A decisão da parentalidade é condicionada pelas condições socioeconómicas mas um factor importante a considerar é uma baixa fertilidade biológica devida ao adiamento da idade da primeira gestação.Conclusão: As associações de estudantes universitários são um excelente instrumento de acesso; um número muito significativopensa ter filhos mas adia essa decisão; há falta de informação relativamente às consequências de adiar a idade do primeiro filho e aos factores de infertilidade. A tendência negativa da fecundidade deve ser encarada como necessidade de desenvolver políticas específicas.Palavras-chave: Natalidade; Estudantes Universitários; Infertilidade; Portugal.Ordem dos Médicos2014-10-31info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.documentapplication/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.documentimage/jpegimage/pngimage/pngimage/bmpimage/bmphttps://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196oai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/5196Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 27 No. 5 (2014): September-October; 601-608Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 27 N.º 5 (2014): Setembro-Outubro; 601-6081646-07580870-399Xreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAPporenghttps://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196/4102https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196/4185https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196/7101https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196/7102https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196/7103https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196/7104https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196/7105https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196/7106https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196/7107Machado, Maria do CéuAlves, Maria IsabelCouceiro, LuísaSilva, Francisco Goiana daMorais de Almeida, MiguelAlves, Isainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2022-12-20T11:04:15Zoai:ojs.www.actamedicaportuguesa.com:article/5196Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T16:19:02.783009Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Birth Rate and Fertility: Knowledge and Expectations Analysis of 3585 University Students Natalidade e Fertilidade: Análise dos Conhecimentos e Expectativas de 3585 Estudantes Universitários Portugueses |
title |
Birth Rate and Fertility: Knowledge and Expectations Analysis of 3585 University Students |
spellingShingle |
Birth Rate and Fertility: Knowledge and Expectations Analysis of 3585 University Students Machado, Maria do Céu |
title_short |
Birth Rate and Fertility: Knowledge and Expectations Analysis of 3585 University Students |
title_full |
Birth Rate and Fertility: Knowledge and Expectations Analysis of 3585 University Students |
title_fullStr |
Birth Rate and Fertility: Knowledge and Expectations Analysis of 3585 University Students |
title_full_unstemmed |
Birth Rate and Fertility: Knowledge and Expectations Analysis of 3585 University Students |
title_sort |
Birth Rate and Fertility: Knowledge and Expectations Analysis of 3585 University Students |
author |
Machado, Maria do Céu |
author_facet |
Machado, Maria do Céu Alves, Maria Isabel Couceiro, Luísa Silva, Francisco Goiana da Morais de Almeida, Miguel Alves, Isa |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Alves, Maria Isabel Couceiro, Luísa Silva, Francisco Goiana da Morais de Almeida, Miguel Alves, Isa |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Machado, Maria do Céu Alves, Maria Isabel Couceiro, Luísa Silva, Francisco Goiana da Morais de Almeida, Miguel Alves, Isa |
description |
Introduction: Nowadays, Portuguese birth rate is insufficient to ensure renewal of generations. Women high education levels and labor market integration and increased economic difficulties are some of multiple factors leading to a delay in average parenting age and an increase of infertility; also subject to others such as obesity, smoking and alcohol consumption.Material and Methods: Transversal epidemiological study, analytical, uncontrolled, from self-filled online questionnaires, promoted by students’ university unions. A sample of 3585 university students was considered and a global and by gender statistic analysis was done through SPSS, Excel was used to build graphics and tables and ArcMap to represent maps. Results: Mainly students from the Health Sciences (40.6%), Universidade de Lisboa (59.4%), female (76.9%), median age of 22; intention to marry/ union 71.0%, parenthood 85.7%. A total of 18.4% smoke, 22.3% consume alcohol and obesity 15.4%; employment (47.4%) and the partner’s will (39.9%) were important determinants for parenthood decision as well as having financial stability to provide a good education (33.6%) and healthcare (38.6%); A total of 53.6% have considered the hypothesis of infertility and highlight above 35 year old maternal age (18.7%), obesity (18%) and female smoking (19.0) as factors. Higher and more significant values for smoking (p = 0.001) and alcohol consumption (p = 0.000) in males were found.Discussion: The sample seems representative, well distributed among different areas of study, with more female respondents than the university portuguese ratio. There are more students with parenting projects than marriage/cohabitation, in accordance with Portuguese data. Nevertheless, the same students identify the family as a priority in comparison with employment and career. Parenting decisions are tied by social-economic situation but an important factor is the low fertility due to the maternal age delay of the first pregnancy.Conclusion: University student unions are an excellent instrument to access them; a high number of respondents consider having children but delay the decision; there is a lack of information about the consequences of delaying parenting age and about infertility factors. The negative trend of fertility must be seen as a necessity to develop specific policies.Keywords: Birth Rate; Students; Universities; Fertility; Portugal. |
publishDate |
2014 |
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2014-10-31 |
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https://www.actamedicaportuguesa.com/revista/index.php/amp/article/view/5196 |
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Ordem dos Médicos |
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Ordem dos Médicos |
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Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 27 No. 5 (2014): September-October; 601-608 Acta Médica Portuguesa; Vol. 27 N.º 5 (2014): Setembro-Outubro; 601-608 1646-0758 0870-399X reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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