The shape of two-dimensional liquid bridges

• Autor(a) principal: Teixeira, Paulo
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Teixeira, Miguel
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/11087
• topic: Capillary bridges; Young–Laplace equation; Surface tension; Theory and modelling; Foams and emulsions; Soap films

We have studied a single vertical, two-dimensional liquid bridge spanning the gap between two flat, horizontal solid substrates of given wettabilities. For this simple geometry, the Young–Laplace equation can be solved (quasi-)analytically to yield the equilibrium bridge shape under gravity. We establish the range of gap widths (as described by a Bond number Bo) for which the liquid bridge can exist, for given contact angles at the top and bottom substrates (θt c and θb c, respectively). In particular, we find that the absolute maximum span of a liquid bridge is four capillary lengths, for θb c = 180◦ and θt c = 0◦; whereas for θb c = 0◦ and θt c = 180◦ no bridge can form, for any substrate separation. We also obtain the minimum value of the cross-sectional area of such a liquid bridge, as well as the conditions for the existence and positions of any necks or bulges and inflection points on its surface. This generalises our earlier work in which the gap was assumed to be spanned by a liquid film of zero thickness connecting two menisci at the bottom and top substrates.