Lesões Desportivas Em Atletas Universitários

• Autor(a) principal: Ana Luís Cardeal Dourado
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://hdl.handle.net/10216/139723
• topic: Medicina clínica; Clinical medicine

Introduction: For university student athletes, sport assumes an essential role in both achieving and maintaining the physical and mental well-being and developing social interaction between different people. Nevertheless, the practice of physical exercise causes injuries. In this sense, through the analysis of descriptive observational studies- case reports, analytical observational studies, prospective/ retrospective cohort and cross-sectional analytical observational studies, this project evaluates the type of sports injuries in university athletes. Thus, it is possible to infer the frequency of sports lesions for each sport considered, so that, in the future, it becomes likely the establishment of preventive measures. Methods: The research for the elaboration of this literary revision was carried out at Pubmed and SCOPUS. It gathered a total of 228 articles, including cross-references. Results/Discussion: After applying exclusion and inclusion criteria, 17 articles were selected. Of these, a total of 15 sports were investigated, namely Gymnastics, American Football, Lacrosse, Soccer, Fencing, Volleyball, Hockey, Ice Hockey, Cross-Country, Basketball, Softball, Badminton, Futsal, Baseball and Wrestling. The injuries observed in the different modalities vary from concussion; contusions; dislocations; musculoligamentous strains; fractures/avulsions; lacerations; sprains; abrasions; entrapment/impingemen; subluxations; muscle spasms; inflammation; stress fractures; respiratory lesions; dental lesions; dyskinesia; to, chronic outlet thoracic syndrome and cramps. The percentage of different types of lesions in the different sports varies. In Lacrosse, Soccer, Basketball, Wrestling, Volleyball, Gymnastics, Badminton, Futsal and American Football the most frequent injury is the sprain. In Hockey, Baseball and Softball is the contusion. In Cross-Country and Fencing is the inflammation and in Ice Hockey is the concussion. The modalities with more injuries are Basketball and Ice Hockey, the ones with less injuries are Badminton and Futsal. The anatomical areas most frequently injured are the knee, hip/thigh/leg and ankle. Conclusion: The modalities with the most variety of lesions are Basketball and Ice Hockey, followed by Lacrosse, Volleyball, Softball, Baseball and Gymnastics. The sports with the least variety of lesions are Futsal, Badminton, Fencing and Cross-country, Hockey and Wrestling. The sports injuries more common are sprains, contusions and musculoligamentous strains. According to the type of sport, the lesions with the highest percentage are sprains, contusions, inflammation and concussions.