The discovery of three lost ‘Salting’ carpets: science as a tool for revealing their history

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Santos, Ana Raquel Martins dos
Data de Publicação: 2010
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5146
Resumo: Thesis presented at the Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, to obtain a Master degree in Conservation and Restoration,Specialization in Textiles
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spelling The discovery of three lost ‘Salting’ carpets: science as a tool for revealing their historyThesis presented at the Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, to obtain a Master degree in Conservation and Restoration,Specialization in TextilesIn 2007 three „Salting‟ carpets were discovered in the Palace of the Dukes of Bragança, in Guimarães. Two are prayer rugs with central niches, while the third has a central medallion. Finely knotted in wool on a silk foundation, and embellished with metal threads, this is the largest collection of these carpets known outside the Topkapi Saray (Istanbul). For a century, their origin and chronology have been the source of considerable debate. They take their name from the collector George Salting (1835-1909) who donated a significant example to the Victoria & Albert Museum (London), which was originally attributed to 16th-century Iran. However, the vivid colors of this and other carpets, and existence of similar examples in the Topkapi, led later historians to argue that they were Turkish rugs from the 18th or 19th centuries, and possibly even forgeries of classical Persians carpets. Wool and silk were confirmed in the knotted pile and foundation, and the Medallion Carpet was found to have an extremely high knot count. All colours present were analysed, and a more detailed study was applied to the reds. Lac-dye (Kerria spp.) was identified and as this is the predominant dye of the red ground of classical Persian carpets, it appeared to offer a possible clue to their provenance. The first High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array (HPLC-DAD) data base was created for lac-dye insects (Kerria and Paratachardina genera) with the support of Principal Component Analyses (PCA), statistical analysis. Historical insect sources (87 samples) from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (London), as well as other entomological sources, were analysed and compared with historical textile samples taken from the Guimarães carpets. The preliminary results revealed that probably the red dye is related with insect sources from Pakistan or a nearby region. However, narrowing the provenance further will require more rigorous taxonomic study of the wide variety of insect species known to produce lac dye (over 20), followed by chemical analysis and comparison with a wider range of carpets. A luteolin-based dye, possibly weld was identified in the yellows, which also appears in the greens with indigo and in the oranges with alizarin, respectively. The browns as well as beige colours were obtained with natural wool, with the exception of the browns in the Medallion carpet in which ellagic acid was identified. All of the colours were applied to the textile fibres with alum, with exception of browns in the Medallion Carpet (iron),beiges (natural wool), and indigo (no mordant). SEM-EDX revealed a distinctive method of manufacture of the metal threads, involving a hand-cut silver lamina of fine gauge covered with a gold coating. The AMS Radiocarbon dating confirmed a date between the late 15th- and mid-17th century for the Medallion Carpet, excluding the possibility of either a late date or forgery. Overall the data point to a 16th- or 17th-century date and Iran as the place of manufacture for the carpets. The Medallion Carpet is revealed to be an exceptional historical discovery.Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaHallett, JessicaSousa, MicaelaRUNSantos, Ana Raquel Martins dos20102010-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/5146enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-03-11T03:35:33Zoai:run.unl.pt:10362/5146Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:16:07.005699Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The discovery of three lost ‘Salting’ carpets: science as a tool for revealing their history
title The discovery of three lost ‘Salting’ carpets: science as a tool for revealing their history
spellingShingle The discovery of three lost ‘Salting’ carpets: science as a tool for revealing their history
Santos, Ana Raquel Martins dos
title_short The discovery of three lost ‘Salting’ carpets: science as a tool for revealing their history
title_full The discovery of three lost ‘Salting’ carpets: science as a tool for revealing their history
title_fullStr The discovery of three lost ‘Salting’ carpets: science as a tool for revealing their history
title_full_unstemmed The discovery of three lost ‘Salting’ carpets: science as a tool for revealing their history
title_sort The discovery of three lost ‘Salting’ carpets: science as a tool for revealing their history
author Santos, Ana Raquel Martins dos
author_facet Santos, Ana Raquel Martins dos
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Hallett, Jessica
Sousa, Micaela
RUN
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Santos, Ana Raquel Martins dos
description Thesis presented at the Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, to obtain a Master degree in Conservation and Restoration,Specialization in Textiles
publishDate 2010
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2010
2010-01-01T00:00:00Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5146
url http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5146
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
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instacron:RCAAP
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