Immune response triggered by the ingestion of polyethylene microplastics in the dipteran larvae Chironomus riparius
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10773/37274 |
Resumo: | The activation of insects' immune system due to the ingestion of microplastics (MPs) has only been evidenced by the upregulation of specific genes. The activation of phenoloxidase (PO) system is one of the primary responses involved in insects' innate immunity when facing parasites and pathogens, and ingestion of MPs can trigger a similar process. This study aimed at addressing the activities of basal PO and total PO (PO+ prophenoloxidase - proPO), in Chironomus riparius larvae (a model species in ecotoxicology) exposed to sediments spiked with polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs; size-range 32-63 µm; concentrations: 1.25; 5; to 20 g kg-1) for 48 h. The ingestion of PE-MPs by larvae triggered a significant increase of basal PO activity at 5 and 20 g PE-MPs kg-1, by 26% and 29%, respectively, whereas total PO increased significantly in the latter (+48%), suggesting de novo synthesis of proPO by organisms. Considering the particle size, the immune response's activation is probably linked to damage in the epithelial cells of the gut lumen. This research work provides the first evidence on the activation of the insect's innate immune system after ingestion of MPs and underlines the PO activity as a good indicator of the immune response induced by MPs' ingestion. |
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Immune response triggered by the ingestion of polyethylene microplastics in the dipteran larvae Chironomus ripariusInnate immune systemPhenoloxidaseBiomarkersInvertebratesPlastic pollutionThe activation of insects' immune system due to the ingestion of microplastics (MPs) has only been evidenced by the upregulation of specific genes. The activation of phenoloxidase (PO) system is one of the primary responses involved in insects' innate immunity when facing parasites and pathogens, and ingestion of MPs can trigger a similar process. This study aimed at addressing the activities of basal PO and total PO (PO+ prophenoloxidase - proPO), in Chironomus riparius larvae (a model species in ecotoxicology) exposed to sediments spiked with polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs; size-range 32-63 µm; concentrations: 1.25; 5; to 20 g kg-1) for 48 h. The ingestion of PE-MPs by larvae triggered a significant increase of basal PO activity at 5 and 20 g PE-MPs kg-1, by 26% and 29%, respectively, whereas total PO increased significantly in the latter (+48%), suggesting de novo synthesis of proPO by organisms. Considering the particle size, the immune response's activation is probably linked to damage in the epithelial cells of the gut lumen. This research work provides the first evidence on the activation of the insect's innate immune system after ingestion of MPs and underlines the PO activity as a good indicator of the immune response induced by MPs' ingestion.Elsevier2023-07-15T00:00:00Z2021-07-15T00:00:00Z2021-07-15info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10773/37274eng0304-389410.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125401Silva, Carlos J. M.Beleza, SóniaCampos, DianaSoares, Amadeu M. V. M.Patrício Silva, Ana L.Pestana, João L. T.Gravato, Carlosinfo:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-02-22T12:11:53Zoai:ria.ua.pt:10773/37274Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:07:53.059316Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Immune response triggered by the ingestion of polyethylene microplastics in the dipteran larvae Chironomus riparius |
title |
Immune response triggered by the ingestion of polyethylene microplastics in the dipteran larvae Chironomus riparius |
spellingShingle |
Immune response triggered by the ingestion of polyethylene microplastics in the dipteran larvae Chironomus riparius Silva, Carlos J. M. Innate immune system Phenoloxidase Biomarkers Invertebrates Plastic pollution |
title_short |
Immune response triggered by the ingestion of polyethylene microplastics in the dipteran larvae Chironomus riparius |
title_full |
Immune response triggered by the ingestion of polyethylene microplastics in the dipteran larvae Chironomus riparius |
title_fullStr |
Immune response triggered by the ingestion of polyethylene microplastics in the dipteran larvae Chironomus riparius |
title_full_unstemmed |
Immune response triggered by the ingestion of polyethylene microplastics in the dipteran larvae Chironomus riparius |
title_sort |
Immune response triggered by the ingestion of polyethylene microplastics in the dipteran larvae Chironomus riparius |
author |
Silva, Carlos J. M. |
author_facet |
Silva, Carlos J. M. Beleza, Sónia Campos, Diana Soares, Amadeu M. V. M. Patrício Silva, Ana L. Pestana, João L. T. Gravato, Carlos |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Beleza, Sónia Campos, Diana Soares, Amadeu M. V. M. Patrício Silva, Ana L. Pestana, João L. T. Gravato, Carlos |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Carlos J. M. Beleza, Sónia Campos, Diana Soares, Amadeu M. V. M. Patrício Silva, Ana L. Pestana, João L. T. Gravato, Carlos |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Innate immune system Phenoloxidase Biomarkers Invertebrates Plastic pollution |
topic |
Innate immune system Phenoloxidase Biomarkers Invertebrates Plastic pollution |
description |
The activation of insects' immune system due to the ingestion of microplastics (MPs) has only been evidenced by the upregulation of specific genes. The activation of phenoloxidase (PO) system is one of the primary responses involved in insects' innate immunity when facing parasites and pathogens, and ingestion of MPs can trigger a similar process. This study aimed at addressing the activities of basal PO and total PO (PO+ prophenoloxidase - proPO), in Chironomus riparius larvae (a model species in ecotoxicology) exposed to sediments spiked with polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs; size-range 32-63 µm; concentrations: 1.25; 5; to 20 g kg-1) for 48 h. The ingestion of PE-MPs by larvae triggered a significant increase of basal PO activity at 5 and 20 g PE-MPs kg-1, by 26% and 29%, respectively, whereas total PO increased significantly in the latter (+48%), suggesting de novo synthesis of proPO by organisms. Considering the particle size, the immune response's activation is probably linked to damage in the epithelial cells of the gut lumen. This research work provides the first evidence on the activation of the insect's innate immune system after ingestion of MPs and underlines the PO activity as a good indicator of the immune response induced by MPs' ingestion. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-07-15T00:00:00Z 2021-07-15 2023-07-15T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/37274 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/37274 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
0304-3894 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125401 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
embargoedAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799137732576935936 |