Formas clássicas; o racionalismo clássico como filosofia de concepção

• Autor(a) principal: Tiago da Torre Almeida Rocha
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/84487
• topic: Artes; Arts

The present dissertation aims to interpret a set of historic architectural works which are basedupon the architectonic variant of classical principles of conception. For this reason, we havedeveloped a theoretical reflection based on the history of architecture, which can, simultaneously,not only highlight the ideological continuity over the years embedded in the classical tradition, butalso uphold a practical development of a school project. With that in mind, in this work, the sharedidea of an architectonic language, sustained throughout the history of architecture, is consideredessential for the construction of a structured architecture. In fact, we argue that the formal and spatialdesign of the project is founded on the classical principles and rules we consider viable for therealization and the identity of the project, refusing the eclectic perspective on the essence oforiginality as a unique method of conception.Thus, the dichotomy of past and the present values, based on the relationship between classicaland modern architecture, reflects the attempt to produce a contemporary project of a historicalnature. As a result, the methodology of the project allows for the creation of a coherent narrative,which contributes to the analysis of the concept of classical tradition, manifested in the neoclassicaland modern periods in particular.Therefore, this work focuses on the interpretative reading of the idea of classical tradition. Thisconception is sustained by neoclassical and modern architectural works by a group of prestigiousauthors who actually underlie their implementation through a constructive and compositionalgrammar, originated in the architecture of the Classical Antiquity. In this respect, we highlight theformal design of the Greek Temple, the architectonic ideology of Leon Alberti, Filippo Brunelleschi,Andrea Palladio, Karl Schinkel and Louis Boullée, masters of the renaissance and classical revivalperiod, and the work of Mies Van der Rohe, Adolf Loos and Rafael Moneo, masters of the modern era,conceptions which actually rely both on tradition and on classical heritage.From the understanding of their ideals, we have developed a contemporary project,substantiated and referenced by history and by classical tradition, to which a unitary and categoricaldisciplinary value is assigned, with the ambition of awakening the historical thinking of architecture.In fact, the works described as classic rational models will be significant in this ambition, to findreferences that are actually based on the classical principles of conception. Thus, the works which areinterpreted represent true evidence of the unravelling of formal and spatial problems through theconceptual reinvention of some classical compositional elements, with the intention of establishing acommon thread based on reason.In short, the architectonic language of the buildings we dissertate on provides legitimacy andreference to the conceptual principles of the project exercise. The referential method we proposeemphasizes the formal realization, the spatial conception and the compositional ideology of the project through the original interpretation of the most renowned classic buildings, through thespatial organization according to classical composition systems and the modern reinterpretation of itsprinciples and, finally, through the traditional and historical elements that characterize the projectplace. So, the defense of the classical tradition appears as an identity instructional element, able tosupport the conception and the realization of the project exercise.