Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12302 |
Resumo: | The biodiversity is directly or indirectly affected by chances in systems ecological systems, which modify the composition, distribution and interaction between species. Developing methods to evaluate the consequences of the impact related to such changes, is necessary. Non-invasive sampling methods associated with molecular and landscape analyses allows us to identify and obtain information about wild animals that may suffer the consequences of new environmental. In the context, we investigated the selection and preferential use of the habitat by carnivorous and artiodactyls at a conservation unit of integral protection, as well as analyze the relationship between species living in this park, the Itatiaia National Park (PNI). Between June/2017 and April/2018 samples (feces) with compatible morphology of carnivorous and artiodactyls were collected and its geographic coordinate was recorded using a GPS device. These samples was evaluated through molecular identification, sequencing a fragment of the gene 12S and ATP6 for carnivorous and COI for artiodactyls. We identified 175 of 244 samples collected, the species found: C. brachyurus (38,5%), L. guttulus (21,3%), C. familiaris (5,73%), C. thous (1,22%) e S. scrofa (4,91%). The following variables were analyzed: land use and cover; digital elevation model; slope and Euclidean distances from water bodies and from the nearest buildings, to develop the landscape analysis. The relationship of landscape and topographic variables with less sampled species was performed descriptively while for species widely sampled (more than 50 samples) logistic regression was used. Considering that a sample can only belong to one species and using model selection Akaike Method, Backward method and biological sense for validation. Samples of Chrysocyon brachyurus and Leopardus guttulus have a wide distribution in the PNI, totalizing 59,7% of the identified samples, meanwhile Cerdocyon thous, Canis lupus familiaris and Sus scrofa were sampled at specific locations. The preferred habitat of C. brachyurus and L. guttulus depends on altitude and land use and land cover. Higher altitudes represent a bigger probability to find the species C. brachyurus, with higher frequency in regions of grassland formation. Although the occurrence of L. guttulus being related with lower altitudes, we found samples of this species at altitudes of 2544 meters, the highest found to date. L. guttullus shows a highter frequency in forest formations. There is a correlation between the two variables in question, however, this relationship is not strong enough to influence the estimates of the model parameters, justifying the use of both variables. The artiodactyls samples were found only in mosaic of agriculture and pasture, but traces were seen in others areas of PNI. Non-invasive sampling complemented with molecular tools are efficient for the detection of species with elusive behaviors such as C. brachyurus and L. guttulus. Landscape analysis evidenced that these animals have preferential habitats within the PNI. |
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Gonçalves, Camila FranciscoGaletti Júnior, Pedro Manoelhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478Moschini, Luiz Eduardohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2728357583462262http://lattes.cnpq.br/736362502634757870ba5d53-dfe5-4516-8e48-81ad687af5062020-03-10T13:53:14Z2020-03-10T13:53:14Z2020-02-17GONÇALVES, Camila Francisco. Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12302.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12302The biodiversity is directly or indirectly affected by chances in systems ecological systems, which modify the composition, distribution and interaction between species. Developing methods to evaluate the consequences of the impact related to such changes, is necessary. Non-invasive sampling methods associated with molecular and landscape analyses allows us to identify and obtain information about wild animals that may suffer the consequences of new environmental. In the context, we investigated the selection and preferential use of the habitat by carnivorous and artiodactyls at a conservation unit of integral protection, as well as analyze the relationship between species living in this park, the Itatiaia National Park (PNI). Between June/2017 and April/2018 samples (feces) with compatible morphology of carnivorous and artiodactyls were collected and its geographic coordinate was recorded using a GPS device. These samples was evaluated through molecular identification, sequencing a fragment of the gene 12S and ATP6 for carnivorous and COI for artiodactyls. We identified 175 of 244 samples collected, the species found: C. brachyurus (38,5%), L. guttulus (21,3%), C. familiaris (5,73%), C. thous (1,22%) e S. scrofa (4,91%). The following variables were analyzed: land use and cover; digital elevation model; slope and Euclidean distances from water bodies and from the nearest buildings, to develop the landscape analysis. The relationship of landscape and topographic variables with less sampled species was performed descriptively while for species widely sampled (more than 50 samples) logistic regression was used. Considering that a sample can only belong to one species and using model selection Akaike Method, Backward method and biological sense for validation. Samples of Chrysocyon brachyurus and Leopardus guttulus have a wide distribution in the PNI, totalizing 59,7% of the identified samples, meanwhile Cerdocyon thous, Canis lupus familiaris and Sus scrofa were sampled at specific locations. The preferred habitat of C. brachyurus and L. guttulus depends on altitude and land use and land cover. Higher altitudes represent a bigger probability to find the species C. brachyurus, with higher frequency in regions of grassland formation. Although the occurrence of L. guttulus being related with lower altitudes, we found samples of this species at altitudes of 2544 meters, the highest found to date. L. guttullus shows a highter frequency in forest formations. There is a correlation between the two variables in question, however, this relationship is not strong enough to influence the estimates of the model parameters, justifying the use of both variables. The artiodactyls samples were found only in mosaic of agriculture and pasture, but traces were seen in others areas of PNI. Non-invasive sampling complemented with molecular tools are efficient for the detection of species with elusive behaviors such as C. brachyurus and L. guttulus. Landscape analysis evidenced that these animals have preferential habitats within the PNI.A biodiversidade é direta ou indiretamente afetada pelas mudanças nos sistemas ecológicos naturais, que modificam a composição, distribuição e interação entre as espécies. São necessários métodos que avaliem as consequências relacionadas aos impactos produzidos por tais transformações. Amostragem não-invasiva associada à análise molecular e da paisagem permite uma aproximação da identificação e obtenção de informações de animais de vida livre que possam sofrer com as mudanças em seus sistemas de origem. Nesse contexto, buscou-se entender a seleção e preferência de uso de habitat por espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos em uma unidade de conservação de proteção integral, bem como analisar a relação entre as espécies que circulam nesse parque, o Parque Nacional de Itatiaia (PNI). Entre junho de 2017 e abril de 2018 amostras fecais com morfologia compatível a de carnívoros e artiodáctilos foram coletadas e os pontos de coleta georreferenciados. Amostras foram submetidas à técnica de identificação por biologia molecular, sequenciando os fragmentos do gene 12S e ATP6 para carnívoros e COI para as de artiodáctilos. Foram identificadas as espécies de 175 (71,7%) das 244 amostras coletadas, as espécies encontradas foram: Chrysocyon brachyurus (38,5%), Leopardus guttulus (21,3%), Canis lupus familiaris (5,73%), Cerdocyon thous (1,22%) e Sus scrofa (4,91%). Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: uso e cobertura do solo, distância euclidiana dos corpos d’água e edificações, declividade e altitude. Para as espécies amostradas poucas vezes, a análise com a paisagem foi feita de forma descritiva, e para as espécies amostradas acima de 50 vezes foi aplicado um modelo de regressão logística, considerando que uma amostra só poderia pertencer apenas a um animal e utilizando os critérios de seleção de Akaike, método backward e o sentido biológico para seleção dos modelos testados. As amostras de C. brachyurus e L. guttulus apresentaram ampla distribuição no PNI, totalizando 59,7% das amostras identificadas, à medida que C. thous, C. familiaris e S. scrofa foram amostrados em locais específicos. A preferência de habitat por C. brachyurus e L. guttulus possui relação com altitude e uso e cobertura do solo. Altas altitudes representam a maior probabilidade de encontrar a espécie C. brachyurus, com maior frequência nas regiões de formação campestre. Apesar da ocorrência de L. guttulus estar relacionada com baixas altitudes, foi encontrado amostras dessa espécie a altitudes de até 2544 metros, a mais alta até o momento. L. guttulus mostra preferência por formações florestais. Existe uma correlação entre as duas variáveis em questão, no entanto, essa relação não é forte o suficiente para influenciar as estimativas dos parâmetros do modelo, justificando o uso de ambas variáveis. As amostras de artiodáctilos foram encontradas apenas em mosaico de agricultura e pastagem, porém rastros da presença dessa espécie foram avistados em outros locais do PNI. A amostragem não-invasiva em conjunto com ferramentas moleculares foram eficientes na detecção de espécies com comportamento elusivo, como C. brachyurus e L. guttulus, e as análises de paisagem evidenciaram que esses animais possuem habitats preferenciais dentro do PNI.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)CNPq: 132010/2018-6porUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais - PPGERNUFSCarAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessDNA fecalEcologia de paisagemUnidades de conservaçãoUso e cobertura do soloLobo-guaráGato-do-mato-pequenoFecal DNALandscape ecologyConservation unitsLand use and coverManed wolfSouthern little spotted catCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA::ECOLOGIA APLICADAOcorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitatOccurrence of carnivore and artiodactyl species in the Itatiaia National Park and their relationship with habitatinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis60060021591697-d537-499e-8a95-46132103682ereponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALDissertação_CamilaGoncalves_PPGERN.pdfDissertação_CamilaGoncalves_PPGERN.pdfArtigo principalapplication/pdf2300159https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12302/1/Disserta%c3%a7%c3%a3o_CamilaGoncalves_PPGERN.pdf39584138514f79bdf2d2a54dfa0bcf97MD51CartaComprovante.pdfCartaComprovante.pdfCarta comprovante - ass orientadorapplication/pdf644189https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12302/3/CartaComprovante.pdf0f04a638e30aead0592a79424c6421b7MD53CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8811https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12302/4/license_rdfe39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34MD54TEXTDissertação_CamilaGoncalves_PPGERN.pdf.txtDissertação_CamilaGoncalves_PPGERN.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain104857https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12302/5/Disserta%c3%a7%c3%a3o_CamilaGoncalves_PPGERN.pdf.txt3e7778555930140f6b927a2459edbbeaMD55CartaComprovante.pdf.txtCartaComprovante.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain1https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12302/7/CartaComprovante.pdf.txt68b329da9893e34099c7d8ad5cb9c940MD57THUMBNAILDissertação_CamilaGoncalves_PPGERN.pdf.jpgDissertação_CamilaGoncalves_PPGERN.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg7166https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12302/6/Disserta%c3%a7%c3%a3o_CamilaGoncalves_PPGERN.pdf.jpg97e96b88c9202a5d7500055ea7dfe538MD56CartaComprovante.pdf.jpgCartaComprovante.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg13399https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/12302/8/CartaComprovante.pdf.jpg42be1e4ec8d5b6ca6ddf4ab1ea6236efMD58ufscar/123022023-09-18 18:31:54.916oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/12302Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:31:54Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Occurrence of carnivore and artiodactyl species in the Itatiaia National Park and their relationship with habitat |
title |
Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat |
spellingShingle |
Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat Gonçalves, Camila Francisco DNA fecal Ecologia de paisagem Unidades de conservação Uso e cobertura do solo Lobo-guará Gato-do-mato-pequeno Fecal DNA Landscape ecology Conservation units Land use and cover Maned wolf Southern little spotted cat CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA::ECOLOGIA APLICADA |
title_short |
Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat |
title_full |
Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat |
title_fullStr |
Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat |
title_sort |
Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat |
author |
Gonçalves, Camila Francisco |
author_facet |
Gonçalves, Camila Francisco |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7363625026347578 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Gonçalves, Camila Francisco |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Moschini, Luiz Eduardo |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2728357583462262 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
70ba5d53-dfe5-4516-8e48-81ad687af506 |
contributor_str_mv |
Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel Moschini, Luiz Eduardo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
DNA fecal Ecologia de paisagem Unidades de conservação Uso e cobertura do solo Lobo-guará Gato-do-mato-pequeno |
topic |
DNA fecal Ecologia de paisagem Unidades de conservação Uso e cobertura do solo Lobo-guará Gato-do-mato-pequeno Fecal DNA Landscape ecology Conservation units Land use and cover Maned wolf Southern little spotted cat CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA::ECOLOGIA APLICADA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Fecal DNA Landscape ecology Conservation units Land use and cover Maned wolf Southern little spotted cat |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA::ECOLOGIA APLICADA |
description |
The biodiversity is directly or indirectly affected by chances in systems ecological systems, which modify the composition, distribution and interaction between species. Developing methods to evaluate the consequences of the impact related to such changes, is necessary. Non-invasive sampling methods associated with molecular and landscape analyses allows us to identify and obtain information about wild animals that may suffer the consequences of new environmental. In the context, we investigated the selection and preferential use of the habitat by carnivorous and artiodactyls at a conservation unit of integral protection, as well as analyze the relationship between species living in this park, the Itatiaia National Park (PNI). Between June/2017 and April/2018 samples (feces) with compatible morphology of carnivorous and artiodactyls were collected and its geographic coordinate was recorded using a GPS device. These samples was evaluated through molecular identification, sequencing a fragment of the gene 12S and ATP6 for carnivorous and COI for artiodactyls. We identified 175 of 244 samples collected, the species found: C. brachyurus (38,5%), L. guttulus (21,3%), C. familiaris (5,73%), C. thous (1,22%) e S. scrofa (4,91%). The following variables were analyzed: land use and cover; digital elevation model; slope and Euclidean distances from water bodies and from the nearest buildings, to develop the landscape analysis. The relationship of landscape and topographic variables with less sampled species was performed descriptively while for species widely sampled (more than 50 samples) logistic regression was used. Considering that a sample can only belong to one species and using model selection Akaike Method, Backward method and biological sense for validation. Samples of Chrysocyon brachyurus and Leopardus guttulus have a wide distribution in the PNI, totalizing 59,7% of the identified samples, meanwhile Cerdocyon thous, Canis lupus familiaris and Sus scrofa were sampled at specific locations. The preferred habitat of C. brachyurus and L. guttulus depends on altitude and land use and land cover. Higher altitudes represent a bigger probability to find the species C. brachyurus, with higher frequency in regions of grassland formation. Although the occurrence of L. guttulus being related with lower altitudes, we found samples of this species at altitudes of 2544 meters, the highest found to date. L. guttullus shows a highter frequency in forest formations. There is a correlation between the two variables in question, however, this relationship is not strong enough to influence the estimates of the model parameters, justifying the use of both variables. The artiodactyls samples were found only in mosaic of agriculture and pasture, but traces were seen in others areas of PNI. Non-invasive sampling complemented with molecular tools are efficient for the detection of species with elusive behaviors such as C. brachyurus and L. guttulus. Landscape analysis evidenced that these animals have preferential habitats within the PNI. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-03-10T13:53:14Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2020-03-10T13:53:14Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2020-02-17 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
GONÇALVES, Camila Francisco. Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12302. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12302 |
identifier_str_mv |
GONÇALVES, Camila Francisco. Ocorrência das espécies de carnívoros e artiodáctilos do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia e suas relações com o habitat. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12302. |
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https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/12302 |
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais - PPGERN |
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UFSCar |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
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