Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2009 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3864 |
Resumo: | Internal-loop airlift reactors (ALR) are a special class of pneumatic reactors. The use of this type of reactor has been attractive for chemical and biological reactions because of their simple construction without moving parts and low energy costs when compared with stirred tank reactors. In the present work, a study related to hydrodynamic and oxygen transfer in three geometrically similar scales of internal tube airlift bioreactors (2, 5, and 10 L) was conducted. The aim was to obtain useful information for further studies related to the scale-up of such reactor configuration. The gas hold-up, circulation time, mixing time, volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient, average shear rate, and mean bubble diameter of the air bubbles were evaluated in order to achieve a better comprehension of the hydrodynamic and mass transfer in airlift bioreactors. Values of gas hold-up and oxygen transfer were obtained for the three scales of ALR utilizing eight Newtonian and five non-Newtonian fluids. The superficial gas velocity and liquid viscosity had opposite effects with same order of magnitude. General correlations based on the dimensional analysis were proposed to relate global gas hold-up (ε) and volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) to the geometrical parameters of the system, physical properties of the Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids, and superficial gas velocity. The correlations presented excellent fittings to the experimental data obtained for the three scales of ALR. The influence of the reactor internal diameter on the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was considered positive showing that in largerscale reactors an appropriate oxygen transfer can be reached under smaller aeration conditions. New methodologies to estimate the mean bubble size (dB) and average shear rate ( m γ& ) in the three scales of ALR were proposed. The semi-theoretical method to estimate dB was based on Higbie´s penetration theory using experimental data of ε and kLa. The methodology for evaluating the m γ& in ALRs was developed for non-Newtonian systems. The volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was chosen as the appropriate characteristic parameter. The results of dB and m γ& obtained by the proposed methods are in agreement with the experimental values found in the literature. The effect of shear rate on clavulanic acid (CA) production by Streptomyces clavuligerus was examined both in a stirred tank bioreactor (STR) of 4 L and in an ALR of 6 L working volume, respectively, based on experimental data of the literature. Results showed that CA production was positively affected by shear conditions. In addition, the ALR presented values of m γ& higher than those found in a STR operated under the same oxygen transfer conditions. |
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Cerri, Marcel OtávioBadino Júnior, Alberto Collihttp://genos.cnpq.br:12010/dwlattes/owa/prc_imp_cv_int?f_cod=K4784860J5http://lattes.cnpq.br/7999741482353508708740d2-cfd7-4509-9dc1-f9de269fcd5c2016-06-02T19:55:23Z2009-09-102016-06-02T19:55:23Z2009-03-12CERRI, Marcel Otávio. Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes. 2009. 178 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2009.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3864Internal-loop airlift reactors (ALR) are a special class of pneumatic reactors. The use of this type of reactor has been attractive for chemical and biological reactions because of their simple construction without moving parts and low energy costs when compared with stirred tank reactors. In the present work, a study related to hydrodynamic and oxygen transfer in three geometrically similar scales of internal tube airlift bioreactors (2, 5, and 10 L) was conducted. The aim was to obtain useful information for further studies related to the scale-up of such reactor configuration. The gas hold-up, circulation time, mixing time, volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient, average shear rate, and mean bubble diameter of the air bubbles were evaluated in order to achieve a better comprehension of the hydrodynamic and mass transfer in airlift bioreactors. Values of gas hold-up and oxygen transfer were obtained for the three scales of ALR utilizing eight Newtonian and five non-Newtonian fluids. The superficial gas velocity and liquid viscosity had opposite effects with same order of magnitude. General correlations based on the dimensional analysis were proposed to relate global gas hold-up (ε) and volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) to the geometrical parameters of the system, physical properties of the Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids, and superficial gas velocity. The correlations presented excellent fittings to the experimental data obtained for the three scales of ALR. The influence of the reactor internal diameter on the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was considered positive showing that in largerscale reactors an appropriate oxygen transfer can be reached under smaller aeration conditions. New methodologies to estimate the mean bubble size (dB) and average shear rate ( m γ& ) in the three scales of ALR were proposed. The semi-theoretical method to estimate dB was based on Higbie´s penetration theory using experimental data of ε and kLa. The methodology for evaluating the m γ& in ALRs was developed for non-Newtonian systems. The volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was chosen as the appropriate characteristic parameter. The results of dB and m γ& obtained by the proposed methods are in agreement with the experimental values found in the literature. The effect of shear rate on clavulanic acid (CA) production by Streptomyces clavuligerus was examined both in a stirred tank bioreactor (STR) of 4 L and in an ALR of 6 L working volume, respectively, based on experimental data of the literature. Results showed that CA production was positively affected by shear conditions. In addition, the ALR presented values of m γ& higher than those found in a STR operated under the same oxygen transfer conditions.Os biorreatores pneumáticos têm mostrado um grande potencial para os processos biotecnológicos, pois não utilizam partes móveis em sua construção e operação e há um menor consumo de energia quando comparado com os biorreatores convencionais tipo tanque agitado. No presente trabalho foi realizado um estudo hidrodinâmico e de transferência de oxigênio em três escalas biorreatores airlift de tubos concêntricos geometricamente semelhantes (2, 5 e 10 L) com objetivo de obter informações úteis para aplicação na variação de escala deste modelo de biorreator. Foram avaliados parâmetros importantes como retenção gasosa, tempo de mistura, tempo de circulação, coeficiente volumétrico de transferência de oxigênio, velocidade de cisalhamento e diâmetro médio de bolhas para o melhor entendimento de aspectos relacionados à hidrodinâmica e à transferência de massa. A retenção gasosa e a transferência de oxigênio foram estimadas nos três biorreatores airlift utilizando oito tipos de fluidos Newtonianos e cinco fluidos não-Newtonianos. A velocidade superficial de gás e a viscosidade do líquido tiveram efeitos contrários e com mesma ordem de magnitude no coeficiente volumétrico de transferência de oxigênio. Foram obtidas correlações baseadas em análise dimensional para expressar a retenção gasosa (ε) e o coeficiente volumétrico de transferência de oxigênio (kLa) em função dos parâmetros geométricos dos sistemas, propriedades físicas dos fluidos e da velocidade superficial de alimentação de ar. Tais correlações apresentaram excelentes ajustes aos dados experimentais obtidos nas três escalas de biorreatores. A influência do diâmetro interno do reator no kLa foi considerada positiva, mostrando que em escalas de reatores maiores, a transferência de oxigênio pode ser alcançada sob menores condições de aeração. Metodologias para estimativas do diâmetro médio das bolhas (dB) e da velocidade média de cisalhamento ( m γ& ) em biorreatores airlift de tubos concêntricos foram propostas. A metodologia para estimativa de dB foi desenvolvida com base na teoria de penetração de Higbie utilizando resultados experimentais de ε e de kLa. A metodologia de estimativa m γ& , desenvolvida para fluidos não- Newtonianos, utilizou o coeficiente volumétrico de transferência de oxigênio (kLa) como parâmetro característico. Resultados estimados de dB e de m γ& apresentaram boa concordância com resultados experimentais de literatura. Foi também avaliada e comparada a influência das condições cisalhamento previstas pela metodologia proposta na produção de ácido clavulânico (AC) por Streptomyces clavuligerus em cultivos realizados em biorreatores airlift de 6 L e convencional tipo tanque agitado e aerado de 4 L. Os resultados mostraram que a produção de AC foi afetada positivamente pelo cisalhamento, bem como a velocidade média de cisalhamento ( m γ& ) foi superior em biorreator airlift em relação ao convencional sob mesmas condições de transferência de oxigênio.Financiadora de Estudos e Projetosapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQUFSCarBREngenharia bioquímicaHidrodinâmicaBiorreator não convencionalMassa - transferênciaCisalhamentoBiorreatores pneumáticosENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICAHidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis-1-129d76c9b-aac3-4e11-bdb2-5988dc628937info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINAL2378.pdfapplication/pdf2097970https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/3864/1/2378.pdf8d3821784c3492880401bb105fe5be96MD51THUMBNAIL2378.pdf.jpg2378.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg6634https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/3864/2/2378.pdf.jpg196a94ba79013cbae567d12222bfbdeeMD52ufscar/38642023-09-18 18:30:58.242oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/3864Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:30:58Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes |
title |
Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes |
spellingShingle |
Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes Cerri, Marcel Otávio Engenharia bioquímica Hidrodinâmica Biorreator não convencional Massa - transferência Cisalhamento Biorreatores pneumáticos ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
title_short |
Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes |
title_full |
Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes |
title_fullStr |
Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes |
title_sort |
Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes |
author |
Cerri, Marcel Otávio |
author_facet |
Cerri, Marcel Otávio |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7999741482353508 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Cerri, Marcel Otávio |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://genos.cnpq.br:12010/dwlattes/owa/prc_imp_cv_int?f_cod=K4784860J5 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
708740d2-cfd7-4509-9dc1-f9de269fcd5c |
contributor_str_mv |
Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Engenharia bioquímica Hidrodinâmica Biorreator não convencional Massa - transferência Cisalhamento Biorreatores pneumáticos |
topic |
Engenharia bioquímica Hidrodinâmica Biorreator não convencional Massa - transferência Cisalhamento Biorreatores pneumáticos ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
description |
Internal-loop airlift reactors (ALR) are a special class of pneumatic reactors. The use of this type of reactor has been attractive for chemical and biological reactions because of their simple construction without moving parts and low energy costs when compared with stirred tank reactors. In the present work, a study related to hydrodynamic and oxygen transfer in three geometrically similar scales of internal tube airlift bioreactors (2, 5, and 10 L) was conducted. The aim was to obtain useful information for further studies related to the scale-up of such reactor configuration. The gas hold-up, circulation time, mixing time, volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient, average shear rate, and mean bubble diameter of the air bubbles were evaluated in order to achieve a better comprehension of the hydrodynamic and mass transfer in airlift bioreactors. Values of gas hold-up and oxygen transfer were obtained for the three scales of ALR utilizing eight Newtonian and five non-Newtonian fluids. The superficial gas velocity and liquid viscosity had opposite effects with same order of magnitude. General correlations based on the dimensional analysis were proposed to relate global gas hold-up (ε) and volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) to the geometrical parameters of the system, physical properties of the Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids, and superficial gas velocity. The correlations presented excellent fittings to the experimental data obtained for the three scales of ALR. The influence of the reactor internal diameter on the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was considered positive showing that in largerscale reactors an appropriate oxygen transfer can be reached under smaller aeration conditions. New methodologies to estimate the mean bubble size (dB) and average shear rate ( m γ& ) in the three scales of ALR were proposed. The semi-theoretical method to estimate dB was based on Higbie´s penetration theory using experimental data of ε and kLa. The methodology for evaluating the m γ& in ALRs was developed for non-Newtonian systems. The volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was chosen as the appropriate characteristic parameter. The results of dB and m γ& obtained by the proposed methods are in agreement with the experimental values found in the literature. The effect of shear rate on clavulanic acid (CA) production by Streptomyces clavuligerus was examined both in a stirred tank bioreactor (STR) of 4 L and in an ALR of 6 L working volume, respectively, based on experimental data of the literature. Results showed that CA production was positively affected by shear conditions. In addition, the ALR presented values of m γ& higher than those found in a STR operated under the same oxygen transfer conditions. |
publishDate |
2009 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2009-09-10 2016-06-02T19:55:23Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2009-03-12 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-02T19:55:23Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
CERRI, Marcel Otávio. Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes. 2009. 178 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2009. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3864 |
identifier_str_mv |
CERRI, Marcel Otávio. Hidrodinâmica e transferência de oxigênio em três biorreatores Airlift de circulação interna geometricamente semelhantes. 2009. 178 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Exatas e da Terra) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2009. |
url |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3864 |
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por |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ |
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UFSCar |
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BR |
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos |
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