Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13823 |
Resumo: | In the 21st century, various activities involve the use of or depend on computer technologies to exist. In this scenario, although children are surrounded by computing, many are still passive users, that is, they do not understand the computational solutions they use and do not use their potential to solve real problems. This problem is aggravated by children of preschool age, that is, 4 to 5 years in Brazil. What is clear is that, although children are exposed to computational solutions, preschool teachers are still discouraged from teaching content related to computers and technology for children, as they consider complex and unrelated to basic curricula and also due to the lack of plans that serve as pedagogical support for the application of activities in the classroom. Thus, in order to help overcome these barriers, the objective of this research is to propose and evaluate a set of activities that offer methodological didactic support so that preschool teachers can work independently on the elementary and preliminary concepts related to the knowledge of computing for children aged 4 to 5 years. To this end, the methodological approach of this research was divided into two stages: (1) used the focus group method with 6 professionals in computing and education to develop 14 lesson plans of didactic activities that addressed content related to data storage and processing, the 4 competencies of computational thinking, the approach to teaching unplugged (without the use of technologies) and, finally, linked to the axes and competencies of the Common National Curricular Base. (2) used the survey method with 113 professionals linked to preschoolers and pedagogy students to evaluate the lesson plans of the didactic activities proposed by this research using the online questionnaire technique. According to the data analysis, considering the total of 339 evaluations received from the lesson plans for each aspect of the rubric used and adapted for this research, obtained an average positive result greater than 90%. Furthermore, considering the comments to the open and non-mandatory question and the interest of the evaluators (96.5%) in applying the activities developed in the classroom after a post-pandemic scenario, the results suggest that the hypothesis of this research was confirmed and the objective achieved. However, future studies will be able to investigate how teachers autonomously apply these activities in the classroom and see if in fact children can, from practice, have a better understanding of the world with the technology around them and take ownership of new technological solutions and become possible active users. As a computer research, this project is part of the Computer Education area. |
id |
SCAR_271f0740f167ad0d01f4857e74a19ce6 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/13823 |
network_acronym_str |
SCAR |
network_name_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
repository_id_str |
4322 |
spelling |
Martins, Everton CarlosNeris, Vania Paula de Almeidahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469http://lattes.cnpq.br/548305587719864421c59fb5-2c54-4f53-9c6f-10364d86521a2021-02-06T19:08:24Z2021-02-06T19:08:24Z2020-12-16MARTINS, Everton Carlos. Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência da Computação) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13823.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13823In the 21st century, various activities involve the use of or depend on computer technologies to exist. In this scenario, although children are surrounded by computing, many are still passive users, that is, they do not understand the computational solutions they use and do not use their potential to solve real problems. This problem is aggravated by children of preschool age, that is, 4 to 5 years in Brazil. What is clear is that, although children are exposed to computational solutions, preschool teachers are still discouraged from teaching content related to computers and technology for children, as they consider complex and unrelated to basic curricula and also due to the lack of plans that serve as pedagogical support for the application of activities in the classroom. Thus, in order to help overcome these barriers, the objective of this research is to propose and evaluate a set of activities that offer methodological didactic support so that preschool teachers can work independently on the elementary and preliminary concepts related to the knowledge of computing for children aged 4 to 5 years. To this end, the methodological approach of this research was divided into two stages: (1) used the focus group method with 6 professionals in computing and education to develop 14 lesson plans of didactic activities that addressed content related to data storage and processing, the 4 competencies of computational thinking, the approach to teaching unplugged (without the use of technologies) and, finally, linked to the axes and competencies of the Common National Curricular Base. (2) used the survey method with 113 professionals linked to preschoolers and pedagogy students to evaluate the lesson plans of the didactic activities proposed by this research using the online questionnaire technique. According to the data analysis, considering the total of 339 evaluations received from the lesson plans for each aspect of the rubric used and adapted for this research, obtained an average positive result greater than 90%. Furthermore, considering the comments to the open and non-mandatory question and the interest of the evaluators (96.5%) in applying the activities developed in the classroom after a post-pandemic scenario, the results suggest that the hypothesis of this research was confirmed and the objective achieved. However, future studies will be able to investigate how teachers autonomously apply these activities in the classroom and see if in fact children can, from practice, have a better understanding of the world with the technology around them and take ownership of new technological solutions and become possible active users. As a computer research, this project is part of the Computer Education area.No século XXI, diversas atividades envolvem o uso de tecnologias computacionais ou dependem delas para existir. Nesse cenário, embora as crianças estejam rodeadas pela computação, muitas ainda continuam sendo usuárias passivas, ou seja, não entendem as soluções computacionais que usam e não usam seu potencial para resolver problemas reais. No Brasil, esse problema é agravado ao observar crianças em idade pré-escolar, ou seja, entre 4 a 5 anos. O que se percebe é que, embora as crianças estejam expostas à soluções computacionais, os professores de educação pré-escolar ainda são desestimulados a ensinar conteúdos relacionados à computação e tecnologia para crianças, por considerarem complexos e não relacionados aos currículos básicos e também pela falta de planos de aula, que servem de suporte pedagógico para a aplicação das atividades em sala de aula. Assim, a fim de auxiliar a superar essas barreiras, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é propor e avaliar um conjunto de atividades que ofereçam suporte didático-metodológico para que professores da educação pré-escolar possam trabalhar, de forma autônoma, os conceitos elementares e preliminares relacionados ao conhecimento de computação para crianças de 4 a 5 anos. Para tanto, a abordagem metodológica desta pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas: (1) utilização do método de grupo focal com 6 profissionais da computação e educação para desenvolverem 14 planos de aula das atividades didáticas que abordaram conteúdos relacionados ao armazenamento e processamento de dados, as 4 habilidades do pensamento computacional, a abordagem de ensino desplugado (sem o uso de tecnologia) e, por fim, ligada aos eixos e habilidades da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC); (2) utilização do método de pesquisa de levantamento com 113 profissionais vinculados à pré-escola e estudantes de pedagogia para avaliarem os planos de aula das atividades didáticas propostas por esta pesquisa, por meio da técnica de questionário on-line. De acordo com a análise dos dados, considerando o total de 339 avaliações recebidas dos planos de aula para cada aspecto da rubrica utilizada e adaptada para esta pesquisa, obteve em média um resultado positivo superior a 90%. Além disso, considerando os comentários à questão aberta e não obrigatória e o interesse dos avaliadores (96,5%) em aplicar as atividades desenvolvidas em sala de aula após um cenário pós-pandêmico, os resultados sugerem que a hipótese desta pesquisa foi confirmada e o objetivo alcançado. No entanto, estudos futuros poderão investigar como os professores aplicam de forma autônoma essas atividades em sala de aula e verificar se, de fato, as crianças podem, a partir da prática, ter um melhor entendimento do mundo com a tecnologia a seu redor e se apropriar de novas soluções tecnológicas e, assim, se tornarem possíveis usuários ativos. Como pesquisa em computação, este projeto se insere na área de Educação em Computação.Não recebi financiamentoporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação - PPGCCUFSCarAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessEnsino de computaçãoPensamento computacionalPlano de aulaPré-escolaTeaching of computingComputational thinkingLesson planPreschoolCIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::CIENCIA DA COMPUTACAO::METODOLOGIA E TECNICAS DA COMPUTACAOAtividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escolaDidactic activities for computer teaching in preschoolinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis600546480c7-564e-45d5-8c51-9d55fb4cd554reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALDissertação final.pdfDissertação final.pdfDissertação finalapplication/pdf35842799https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/1/Dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o%20final.pdf22b276ffc6e8040fe7eb02186868a1d3MD51Carta comprovante da versão final da dissertação_EvertonMartins.pdfCarta comprovante da versão final da dissertação_EvertonMartins.pdfCarta comprovante da versão final da dissertaçãoapplication/pdf41508https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/3/Carta%20comprovante%20da%20versa%cc%83o%20final%20da%20dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o_EvertonMartins.pdf19446d088992b6e3b7f5c15f98717ca3MD53CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8811https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/4/license_rdfe39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34MD54TEXTDissertação final.pdf.txtDissertação final.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain509265https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/5/Dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o%20final.pdf.txt3409ce1c46d732fe48f235b8097b8b29MD55Carta comprovante da versão final da dissertação_EvertonMartins.pdf.txtCarta comprovante da versão final da dissertação_EvertonMartins.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain1630https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/7/Carta%20comprovante%20da%20versa%cc%83o%20final%20da%20dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o_EvertonMartins.pdf.txt5bde96e6d211e6dea70d4a760596a0e0MD57THUMBNAILDissertação final.pdf.jpgDissertação final.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg7534https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/6/Dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o%20final.pdf.jpgaeba27517afebd45d976a10ecf033a87MD56Carta comprovante da versão final da dissertação_EvertonMartins.pdf.jpgCarta comprovante da versão final da dissertação_EvertonMartins.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg13249https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/8/Carta%20comprovante%20da%20versa%cc%83o%20final%20da%20dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o_EvertonMartins.pdf.jpgcdca05568348aa46b8a2d48c704f8471MD58ufscar/138232023-09-18 18:32:06.256oai:repositorio.ufscar.br:ufscar/13823Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufscar.br/oai/requestopendoar:43222023-09-18T18:32:06Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Didactic activities for computer teaching in preschool |
title |
Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola |
spellingShingle |
Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola Martins, Everton Carlos Ensino de computação Pensamento computacional Plano de aula Pré-escola Teaching of computing Computational thinking Lesson plan Preschool CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::CIENCIA DA COMPUTACAO::METODOLOGIA E TECNICAS DA COMPUTACAO |
title_short |
Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola |
title_full |
Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola |
title_fullStr |
Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola |
title_full_unstemmed |
Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola |
title_sort |
Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola |
author |
Martins, Everton Carlos |
author_facet |
Martins, Everton Carlos |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5483055877198644 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Martins, Everton Carlos |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Neris, Vania Paula de Almeida |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
21c59fb5-2c54-4f53-9c6f-10364d86521a |
contributor_str_mv |
Neris, Vania Paula de Almeida |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Ensino de computação Pensamento computacional Plano de aula Pré-escola |
topic |
Ensino de computação Pensamento computacional Plano de aula Pré-escola Teaching of computing Computational thinking Lesson plan Preschool CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::CIENCIA DA COMPUTACAO::METODOLOGIA E TECNICAS DA COMPUTACAO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Teaching of computing Computational thinking Lesson plan Preschool |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::CIENCIA DA COMPUTACAO::METODOLOGIA E TECNICAS DA COMPUTACAO |
description |
In the 21st century, various activities involve the use of or depend on computer technologies to exist. In this scenario, although children are surrounded by computing, many are still passive users, that is, they do not understand the computational solutions they use and do not use their potential to solve real problems. This problem is aggravated by children of preschool age, that is, 4 to 5 years in Brazil. What is clear is that, although children are exposed to computational solutions, preschool teachers are still discouraged from teaching content related to computers and technology for children, as they consider complex and unrelated to basic curricula and also due to the lack of plans that serve as pedagogical support for the application of activities in the classroom. Thus, in order to help overcome these barriers, the objective of this research is to propose and evaluate a set of activities that offer methodological didactic support so that preschool teachers can work independently on the elementary and preliminary concepts related to the knowledge of computing for children aged 4 to 5 years. To this end, the methodological approach of this research was divided into two stages: (1) used the focus group method with 6 professionals in computing and education to develop 14 lesson plans of didactic activities that addressed content related to data storage and processing, the 4 competencies of computational thinking, the approach to teaching unplugged (without the use of technologies) and, finally, linked to the axes and competencies of the Common National Curricular Base. (2) used the survey method with 113 professionals linked to preschoolers and pedagogy students to evaluate the lesson plans of the didactic activities proposed by this research using the online questionnaire technique. According to the data analysis, considering the total of 339 evaluations received from the lesson plans for each aspect of the rubric used and adapted for this research, obtained an average positive result greater than 90%. Furthermore, considering the comments to the open and non-mandatory question and the interest of the evaluators (96.5%) in applying the activities developed in the classroom after a post-pandemic scenario, the results suggest that the hypothesis of this research was confirmed and the objective achieved. However, future studies will be able to investigate how teachers autonomously apply these activities in the classroom and see if in fact children can, from practice, have a better understanding of the world with the technology around them and take ownership of new technological solutions and become possible active users. As a computer research, this project is part of the Computer Education area. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2020-12-16 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2021-02-06T19:08:24Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2021-02-06T19:08:24Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
MARTINS, Everton Carlos. Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência da Computação) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13823. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13823 |
identifier_str_mv |
MARTINS, Everton Carlos. Atividades didáticas para o ensino de computação na pré-escola. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência da Computação) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2020. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13823. |
url |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/13823 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
546480c7-564e-45d5-8c51-9d55fb4cd554 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação - PPGCC |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSCar |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR instname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) instacron:UFSCAR |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
instacron_str |
UFSCAR |
institution |
UFSCAR |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/1/Dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o%20final.pdf https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/3/Carta%20comprovante%20da%20versa%cc%83o%20final%20da%20dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o_EvertonMartins.pdf https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/4/license_rdf https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/5/Dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o%20final.pdf.txt https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/7/Carta%20comprovante%20da%20versa%cc%83o%20final%20da%20dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o_EvertonMartins.pdf.txt https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/6/Dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o%20final.pdf.jpg https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/13823/8/Carta%20comprovante%20da%20versa%cc%83o%20final%20da%20dissertac%cc%a7a%cc%83o_EvertonMartins.pdf.jpg |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
22b276ffc6e8040fe7eb02186868a1d3 19446d088992b6e3b7f5c15f98717ca3 e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 3409ce1c46d732fe48f235b8097b8b29 5bde96e6d211e6dea70d4a760596a0e0 aeba27517afebd45d976a10ecf033a87 cdca05568348aa46b8a2d48c704f8471 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1802136386024767488 |