Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/10107 |
Resumo: | The high oxygen transfer capacity associated with low energy consumption have made the airlift bioreactor an important equipment to be used in bioprocesses, with the performance of these devices being strongly dependent on their geometry. In order to extend the understanding of the relationship between hydrodynamics and mass transfer of these equipment and their construction project, the objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of the geometry on the performance of 10 L internal-loop airlift bioreactors of different models (concentric duct and split) and with different cross-sectional shapes (circular and square). By evaluating the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) and the global gas hold-up (εG), a strong influence of the gas-liquid separator geometry was observed, while a small effect of the bottom geometry was verified. On the other hand, the liquid circulation velocity was affected by the geometry of all regions of airlift bioreactors (riser, downcomer, bottom, gas-liquid separator), exhibiting a high effect of the downcomer-to-riser cross-sectional ratio (AD/AR). Four promising geometries of square cross-section airlift bioreactors were selected based on oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) and riser superficial liquid velocity (ULR) criteria, exhibiting different kLa and ULR levels for the same specific air flow rate (3 vvm), demonstrating the flexibility of airlift bioreactors to attend specific bioprocess requirements. By establishing an analogy between the gas-liquid flow in a concentric duct airlift bioreactor and the liquid flow in a smooth pipe, it has been found that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be satisfactorily applied to predict the shear rate. A non-uniform distribution of this parameter was observed in airlift bioreactors, where the maximum shear rate was observed close the sparger holes, showing a direct relationship with the gas injection velocity. In this way, the design of the gas sparger was the key parameter to the definition of maximum shear conditions in pneumatic bioreactors and should be considered in the project of these equipments. |
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Esperança, Mateus NordiBadino Júnior, Alberto Collihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018Béttega, Rodrigohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1379682125857376http://lattes.cnpq.br/70100128198354966edd1523-4722-4b06-b798-0de86dc88f032018-05-22T18:23:10Z2018-05-22T18:23:10Z2018-04-26ESPERANÇA, Mateus Nordi. Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento. 2018. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Química) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2018. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/10107.https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/10107The high oxygen transfer capacity associated with low energy consumption have made the airlift bioreactor an important equipment to be used in bioprocesses, with the performance of these devices being strongly dependent on their geometry. In order to extend the understanding of the relationship between hydrodynamics and mass transfer of these equipment and their construction project, the objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of the geometry on the performance of 10 L internal-loop airlift bioreactors of different models (concentric duct and split) and with different cross-sectional shapes (circular and square). By evaluating the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) and the global gas hold-up (εG), a strong influence of the gas-liquid separator geometry was observed, while a small effect of the bottom geometry was verified. On the other hand, the liquid circulation velocity was affected by the geometry of all regions of airlift bioreactors (riser, downcomer, bottom, gas-liquid separator), exhibiting a high effect of the downcomer-to-riser cross-sectional ratio (AD/AR). Four promising geometries of square cross-section airlift bioreactors were selected based on oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) and riser superficial liquid velocity (ULR) criteria, exhibiting different kLa and ULR levels for the same specific air flow rate (3 vvm), demonstrating the flexibility of airlift bioreactors to attend specific bioprocess requirements. By establishing an analogy between the gas-liquid flow in a concentric duct airlift bioreactor and the liquid flow in a smooth pipe, it has been found that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be satisfactorily applied to predict the shear rate. A non-uniform distribution of this parameter was observed in airlift bioreactors, where the maximum shear rate was observed close the sparger holes, showing a direct relationship with the gas injection velocity. In this way, the design of the gas sparger was the key parameter to the definition of maximum shear conditions in pneumatic bioreactors and should be considered in the project of these equipments.A elevada capacidade transferência de oxigênio associada ao baixo consumo de energia tornaram o biorreator airlift um equipamento importante a ser utilizado em bioprocessos, sendo o desempenho destes dispositivos fortemente dependente da sua geometria. Visando-se ampliar a compreensão acerca da relação entre a hidrodinâmica e a transferência de massa destes equipamentos e o seu projeto de construção, na presente tese teve-se como objetivo avaliar o efeito da geometria no desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna de 10 L de diferentes modelos (dutos concêntricos e split) e com diferentes formatos de seção transversal (circular e quadrada). Avaliando-se o coeficiente volumétrico de transferência de oxigênio (kLa) e a retenção gasosa global (εG), verificou-se uma forte influência da geometria da região de mistura e pequeno efeito da geometria da base. Por outro lado, a velocidade de circulação de líquido foi afetada pela geometria de todas as regiões de biorreatores airlfit (riser, downcomer, base, região de mistura), constatando-se um elevado impacto da razão entre as áreas de escoamento (AD/AR). Quatro geometrias promissoras de biorreatores airlift de seção transversal quadrada foram selecionadas com base em critérios de transferência de oxigênio (kLa) e velocidade superficial de líquido no riser (ULR), verificando-se diferentes níveis de kLa e ULR para uma mesma vazão específica de ar (3 vvm), evidenciando-se a flexibilidade de biorreatores airlift para atender demandas específicas de cada bioprocesso. Estabelecendo-se uma analogia entre o escoamento gás-líquido em um biorreator airlift de dutos concêntricos e o escoamento de líquido em um tubo liso, verificou-se que fluidodinâmica computacional (CFD) pode ser aplicada de forma satisfatória na previsão da taxa de cisalhamento. Observou-se uma distribuição não uniforme deste parâmetro em biorreatores airlift, em que a taxa de cisalhamento máxima foi observada próxima aos orifícios do aspersor, apresentando uma relação direta com a velocidade de injeção de gás. Dessa maneira, o projeto do aspersor de gás mostrou-se fundamental na definição das condições de cisalhamento máximo em biorreatores pneumáticos, devendo ser considerado no projeto destes equipamentos.OutraporUniversidade Federal de São CarlosCâmpus São CarlosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQUFSCarBiorreator airliftGeometriaRegião de misturaBaseAspersorHidrodinâmicaTransferência de oxigênioVelocidade de cisalhamentoFluidodinâmica computacionalAirlift bioreactorGeometryGas-liquid separatorBottomSpargerHydrodynamicsOxygen transferShear rateComputational fluid dynamicsENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::OPERACOES INDUSTRIAIS E EQUIPAMENTOS PARA ENGENHARIA QUIMICAContribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamentoContribution to the study of the performance of internal loop airlift bioreactors: analysis of operating conditions and equipment geometryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisOnline60029d76c9b-aac3-4e11-bdb2-5988dc628937info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCARinstname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:UFSCARORIGINALMNE_Tese_final_com_ficha_catalográfica.pdfMNE_Tese_final_com_ficha_catalográfica.pdfTeseapplication/pdf5243021https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/10107/1/MNE_Tese_final_com_ficha_catalogr%c3%a1fica.pdf17cf2c0dd1a9cd1720ad5c78b9bc5710MD51Carta_comprovante_Tese_MNE.pdfCarta_comprovante_Tese_MNE.pdfCarta comprovanteapplication/pdf203918https://repositorio.ufscar.br/bitstream/ufscar/10107/2/Carta_comprovante_Tese_MNE.pdf8aeba247ec1aa84c98b7ad817927bd5bMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Contribution to the study of the performance of internal loop airlift bioreactors: analysis of operating conditions and equipment geometry |
title |
Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento |
spellingShingle |
Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento Esperança, Mateus Nordi Biorreator airlift Geometria Região de mistura Base Aspersor Hidrodinâmica Transferência de oxigênio Velocidade de cisalhamento Fluidodinâmica computacional Airlift bioreactor Geometry Gas-liquid separator Bottom Sparger Hydrodynamics Oxygen transfer Shear rate Computational fluid dynamics ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::OPERACOES INDUSTRIAIS E EQUIPAMENTOS PARA ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
title_short |
Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento |
title_full |
Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento |
title_fullStr |
Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento |
title_full_unstemmed |
Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento |
title_sort |
Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento |
author |
Esperança, Mateus Nordi |
author_facet |
Esperança, Mateus Nordi |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorlattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7010012819835496 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Esperança, Mateus Nordi |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Béttega, Rodrigo |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1379682125857376 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
6edd1523-4722-4b06-b798-0de86dc88f03 |
contributor_str_mv |
Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli Béttega, Rodrigo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Biorreator airlift Geometria Região de mistura Base Aspersor Hidrodinâmica Transferência de oxigênio Velocidade de cisalhamento Fluidodinâmica computacional |
topic |
Biorreator airlift Geometria Região de mistura Base Aspersor Hidrodinâmica Transferência de oxigênio Velocidade de cisalhamento Fluidodinâmica computacional Airlift bioreactor Geometry Gas-liquid separator Bottom Sparger Hydrodynamics Oxygen transfer Shear rate Computational fluid dynamics ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::OPERACOES INDUSTRIAIS E EQUIPAMENTOS PARA ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Airlift bioreactor Geometry Gas-liquid separator Bottom Sparger Hydrodynamics Oxygen transfer Shear rate Computational fluid dynamics |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::OPERACOES INDUSTRIAIS E EQUIPAMENTOS PARA ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
description |
The high oxygen transfer capacity associated with low energy consumption have made the airlift bioreactor an important equipment to be used in bioprocesses, with the performance of these devices being strongly dependent on their geometry. In order to extend the understanding of the relationship between hydrodynamics and mass transfer of these equipment and their construction project, the objective of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of the geometry on the performance of 10 L internal-loop airlift bioreactors of different models (concentric duct and split) and with different cross-sectional shapes (circular and square). By evaluating the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) and the global gas hold-up (εG), a strong influence of the gas-liquid separator geometry was observed, while a small effect of the bottom geometry was verified. On the other hand, the liquid circulation velocity was affected by the geometry of all regions of airlift bioreactors (riser, downcomer, bottom, gas-liquid separator), exhibiting a high effect of the downcomer-to-riser cross-sectional ratio (AD/AR). Four promising geometries of square cross-section airlift bioreactors were selected based on oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) and riser superficial liquid velocity (ULR) criteria, exhibiting different kLa and ULR levels for the same specific air flow rate (3 vvm), demonstrating the flexibility of airlift bioreactors to attend specific bioprocess requirements. By establishing an analogy between the gas-liquid flow in a concentric duct airlift bioreactor and the liquid flow in a smooth pipe, it has been found that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be satisfactorily applied to predict the shear rate. A non-uniform distribution of this parameter was observed in airlift bioreactors, where the maximum shear rate was observed close the sparger holes, showing a direct relationship with the gas injection velocity. In this way, the design of the gas sparger was the key parameter to the definition of maximum shear conditions in pneumatic bioreactors and should be considered in the project of these equipments. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2018-05-22T18:23:10Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2018-05-22T18:23:10Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2018-04-26 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
ESPERANÇA, Mateus Nordi. Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento. 2018. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Química) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2018. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/10107. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/10107 |
identifier_str_mv |
ESPERANÇA, Mateus Nordi. Contribuição ao estudo do desempenho de biorreatores airlift de circulação interna: análise das condições operacionais e da geometria do equipamento. 2018. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Química) – Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2018. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/10107. |
url |
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/10107 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
29d76c9b-aac3-4e11-bdb2-5988dc628937 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química - PPGEQ |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSCar |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos Câmpus São Carlos |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR instname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) instacron:UFSCAR |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
instacron_str |
UFSCAR |
institution |
UFSCAR |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UFSCAR |
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_version_ |
1802136341787443200 |