Comportamento de forrageamento de Xiphorhynchus fuscus (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae): uma comparação entre áreas de Mata Atlântica de ilha e continente

• Autor(a) principal: Seixas, Liliane de Souza
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/5851
• topic: Vertical strata; Foraging; Mixed-species flocks; Parque Estadual da Ilha Grande; Reserva Ecológica de Rio das Pedras; Estrato vertical; Forrageamento; Bandos mistos; Parque Estadual da Ilha Grande; Reserva Ecológica de Rio das Pedras; Aves Comportamento; Arapaçu Ecologia; Parque Estadual da Ilha Grande (RJ); CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA::ECOLOGIA DE ECOSSISTEMAS

Niche shifts between island and mainland, or between different islands, include habitat expansions and wider range of foraging vertical strata. In general, organisms are able to explore just few portions of available resources, and the way they share them can define their ecological niche and indicate how species interactions can influence the community structure. Those species are connected by their feeding relations. Among birds, several species become associated to each other to explore food resources in groups such as some army ants followers and mixed-species flocks. Mixed-species flocks are related to lower predation and foraging maximization. In this association, species are categorized by their frequency and matter, and can contribute to formation, cohesion and maintenance of the entire flock. The present study aimed to compare foraging behavior of Xiphorhynchus fuscus among island and mainland Atlantic Forest areas to investigate potential differences due to isolation. We conducted linear transects and observed its foraging behavior in the study areas. Our results indicate that there is a difference in the use of vertical strata between island and mainland, and also between solitary individuals and those associated with mixed-species flock. The wider range of vertical strata in islands and their absence in mainland can be related to competition. The difference in the proportion used of the vertical strata between island and mainland indicates an influence of the species composition in mixed-species flocks. The lower adhesion of X. fuscus to enjoy mixed-species flocks can be influenced by the absence of nuclear species in islands. For that reason, the difference in the number of species present between islands and mainland can be the main factor for foraging vertical strata used by X. fuscus, associated or not to mixed-species flocks