Singularidades de gênero no cuidado psicossocial às usuárias de cocaína e crack: contribuições para a enfermagem

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Erika Barbosa de Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11362
• topic: Nursing; Crack Cocaine; Gender and Health; Mental Health; Enfermagem; Cocaína crack; Gênero e saúde; Saúde da Mulher; Saúde Mental; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Consumption of cocaine and crack generates important repercussions for health. In relation of the drug users, men are predominant compared to women. In virtue of women be the minority group, mental healthcare does not observe specificities and vulnerabilities of feminine gender in the health-disease process. To investigate this problem was proposed the research object The singularities of feminine gender in the psychosocial healthcare to cocaine and crack users . The following objectives were delimited: Analyze the psychosocial care to women that use crack and cocaine and discussing the approach of feminine gender singularities in this healthcare. The theoretical background adopted was the gender category. To achieve the objectives was chose qualitative research developed in the only CAPS AD located in the municipality of Duque de Caxias, Baixada Fluminense, State of Rio de Janeiro. The research participants were health professionals that took care of women cocaine and crack users. For data collecting was used the technique of triangulation: a) systematic observation in the collective healthcare areas; b) semi-structured interview with healthcare professionals and c) documentary analysis of feminine patients records. The data were analyzed using Hermeneutic-Dialectic. One hundred thirteen patient records under CAPS AD care were analyzed. Most of women were aged 20-34 years, single, mother of underage children, living with relatives, had no source of income and were involved with justice. Almost all used also another drugs, as tobacco, marijuana and alcohol. The research categories were: Professional conceptions about psychosocial care: person-centered and illness-centered; The feminine gender questions and the crack and cocaine users; Status of women and their influences on the psychosocial care. Singularities of gender on the psychosocial care were revealed through women behavior and coping towards the use of cocaine and crack, but also on care strategies adopted by professionals. The psychosocial care sometimes reinforce the gender stereotypes and, another times, encourages the exercise of women's autonomy. Professionals had certain perceptions determined by gender, assigning women distinctive features, such as fragility and emotional dependency that affect women's experiences on the use of cocaine and crack. Prostitution emerged as result of the vulnerability of the female gender in the context of drug consumption. Implementation of programming activities directed to the singularities of female clientele are recommended, as well as discussion of gender inequities in vocational training, assistance and research to overcome the reductionist practice and naturalization of differences and the feminine subordination in these areas of health production. As a member of the healthcare team, nurses and nursing assistants need to be sensitized to gender issues and to be more involved in individual and collective care of this clientele.