Análise exploratória de dados ultrassônicos para reconhecimento de vazios em alvenarias maciças

• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Tálisson Cavalcante
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/58649
• topic: Ensaio de ultrassom; Ensaio não destrutivo; Alvenaria; Análise estatística; Construções históricas

When exposed to environmental conditions, buildings start to show degradation levels of their materials and components that grow over time, generating safety risks. The concern with structural stability leads to the search for alternatives for characterization and damage investigation for eventual interventions. In particular, historical buildings, due to their high structural complexity, time of use and cultural value, have gained prominence in studies of the scientific environment. For the characterization of these structures, non-destructive tests have emerged as an important tool, as they do not damage the analyzed structure. In particular, the ultrasound test has been the focus of many researchers. In this scenario, the present work aims to propose a new approach for exploration and interpretation of data from ultrasound tests, using statistical techniques.Thus, data were obtained from two masonry wall samples (here called panels) that were built and tested in the laboratory. One of the walls was maintained in a state considered to be of good quality, while in the other, voids were added to its interior, in order to simulate defects in its structure. In the exploration of the data, graphs obtained using the Lowessmethod (where local regressions are implemented) were used. The graphs obtained from this method suggested that the wave has difficulty entering the wall in the presence of voids inside it. In addition, the method was applied to data collected in situ, from the Nossa Senhora da Expectaçãochurch in the municipality of Icó, Ceará, Brazil. In this analysis, it was observed that the width of the wall and height of the measurement are variables that seem to influence the displacement of the wave. Therefore, due to the important conclusions obtained from the exploration of the data, it is concluded that relevant results can be obtained from the exploration of data obtained in ultrasound tests, through the use of statistical tools. Therefore, future studies using this type of methodology can contribute, or complement traditional methods, in the characterization of this type of structures