Estudo da obtenção de açúcares redutores totais a partir do bagaço de laranja (Citrus sinenses) por hidrólises ácida diluída e enzimática

• Autor(a) principal: Nogueira, Danielle Pires
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6084
• topic: Planejamento composto central; Xilanase; Celulase; Central composite design; Xylanase; Cellulase; ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA

Due to the recent research for new fuels from renewable sources ethanol has been gaining momentum, because it can be produced from diverse raw materials, such as agro-industrial residues. The objective with this work was to study the production of reducing sugar by dilute acid, and enzymatic hydrolysis of the orange bagasse from juice industry. The orange bagasse was collected, cut into pieces, and crushed. Granulometry, and the contents of moisture, ashes, holocellulose, cellulose, hemicelulose, soluble and insoluble lignin were determined. The pre-treatment was done with calcium hydroxide following what was previously tested by Silva et al. (2013). A pre-test of the enzymes combination was done using 2 g of pre-treated biomass, in dry base, using 3 FPU/mL of cellulase, and 0 U/g and 3 U/g of xylanase. For the hydrolysis two central composite factorial 2³ designs were done, with the answer in total reducing sugars (ART). For the dilute acid hydrolysis the factors were HCl concentration, temperature, and time, and for the enzymatic the concentrations of cellulase and xylanase and time. The granulometry showed that 47.75% of the biomass with diameter over 0.833 mm, 32.84% of the biomass with an average diameter of 0.564 mm, and 19.41% of the biomass with diameter under 0.295 mm. The moisture content prior to drying was 84.69% and 7.38%, the ashes content was 3.79%. The cellulose content was 22.90% and the hemicellulose was 3.39%. The lignin content was 9.90%. The reducing sugar results for the acid hydrolysis varied from 9.32±0.68 mg ART per g of biomass to 30.15±0.31 mg ART per g biomass, the most significant factor was temperature, and the least was time. It was not possible to find the optimum region with the studied factors. The reducing sugar results for the enzymatic hydrolysis varied from 75.33±3.82 mg ART per g biomass to 99.66±0.62 mg ART per g biomass, the most significant factor was the cellulase concentration, and the least significant the xylanase concentration. The studied factors did not show the optimum region to maximize the reducing sugars content. The enzymatic hydrolysis produced larger concentrations of reducing sugars than the acid hydrolysis.