Prevalência e fatores associados ao tabagismo em pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids em Goiânia-Goiás

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Lorena da Motta
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3771
• topic: HIV; Tabagismo; Prevalência; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE

Introduction: Chronic diseases represent a growing problem for HIV positive patients. Cigarette smoking is a major modifiable risk factors associated with various chronic diseases. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with smoking among people living with HIV/Aids. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted in two referral units in Goiânia, Goiás, from 2009 to 2011. Patients who agreed to participate underwent a structured interview. Chart review for CD4 and viral load (VL). Uni and multivariade analysis to assess risk factors associated to smoking. Level of significance p <0.05. Results: There were 571 participants, aged 19-84 years (median 38 years), 72.2% were men, 69.9% had schooling> 8 years, 2.1% had a history of injecting drugs (IDUs), 80,6% were on antirretroviral therapy (ART), 71.5% with CD4> 350 cells/mm3 and 64.1% with undetectable viral load. The life time prevalence of smoking was 52.4% (95% CI 48.2 to 56.5). The prevalence of smoking in the last 30 days was 23.5% (95% CI 20.1 to 27.2). In univariate analysis, smokers were older, had lower income, lower education level, longer history of HIV infection. There was an association between smoking and lower levels of CD4; undetectable viral load and being on ART. In multivariate analysis, the association persisted between smoking and CD4 counts below 350 cells/mm3, regardless of others variables. Discussion: In addition to chronic diseases known to be associated with tobacco use, it is possible to assume that smoking impairs immune reconstitution of HIV positive patients. Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of smoking among HIV positive patients in Goiânia. Smoking was associated with low immunity, indicating the risk of infectious complications. The study points to the need to implement strategies for smoking cessation in this population.