Diversidade genética de Eugenia dysenterica e sua correlação com a riqueza de Eugenia (Myrtaceae) no cerrado

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Hauanny Rodrigues
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9909
• topic: Diversidade de espécies; Diversidade genética; Modelos de nicho ecológico; Diversity of species; Diversity genetic; Wcological niche models; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::GENETICA

Brazilian Cerrado is a biodiversity hotspot due to high levels of species diversity and endemism. However, in the last decades its biodiversity has been negatively affected by human actions, which can also be matched with climate changes. To assess the processes raising and holding biodiversity are important as bases to elaborate conservationist tools. Thus, our aims were (i) to describe the richness of Eugenia in Cerrado, and (ii) to correlate genetic diversity of Eugenia dysenterica and species diversity of Eugenia, to answer if diversity at the two hierarchical levels responds to the ecological and evolutionary process in the same way. Myrtaceae is the eighth largest plant family in the world and it is a good model for studies in biodiversity because a detailed knowledge has been accumulated about its distribution, taxonomy and phylogeny. Moreover, Eugenia is one of the most representative genera in Myrtaceae, its species has social, economic and ecological importance. We found that richness pattern of Eugenia changed over time with an evident displacement from the southwest in the past times to southeast of Cerrado nowadays (Chapter 1). We also predicted that 93% of Eugenia species in the Cerrado will lose range size in different scenarios for the future. We found that diversity levels are responding in different ways to the process (Chapter 2), mainly due to climate shifts during the Last Glacial Maximum. Furthermore, clades more phylogenetically distant of E. dysenterica were negatively correlated with its genetic diversity, hence species with recent histories exhibit higher ecological and evolutionary differences reflecting in divergent responses compared with early-branched clades. The positive correlation found between species diversity of clade two and genetic diversity of E. dysenterica, revealed that closely related species respond to the eco and evolutionary process in the same way.