Secreção vaginal anormal: fatores de risco e associação entre diagnóstico clínico e citológico

• Autor(a) principal: Camargo, Kelvia Cristina de
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6190
• topic: Citologia; Vaginose bacteriana; Candidíase; Tricomoníase; Leucorréia; Cytology; Bacterial vaginosis; Candidiasis; Trichomoniasis; Leukorrhea; MEDICINA::ANATOMIA PATOLOGICA E PATOLOGIA CLINICA

INTRODUCTION. The balance of the vaginal microbiota is related to a woman's hormonal status, microbial metabolism, sexual stimulation and immune response. The imbalance of vaginal flora, induces elevation of pH, favoring infections and abnormal vaginal secretion. OBJECTIVES. Estimating the prevalence of the bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and trichomoniasis in cervical cytology smears, stained by the method of Papanicolaou; studying the association between sociodemographic and behavioral variables and microbiological findings; assessing the degree of agreement between the clinical characteristics of vaginal secretion and microbiological findings. METHODS. Crosssectional study performed in 302 women aged 20 to 87, referred to the Gynecology Outpatient Clinic of the Integrated Healthcare Center Chácara do Governador, in Goiânia, Goiás, from June 2012 to May 2013. All were patients interviewed and underwent a gynecology test. Cervical smear was also collected for cytology. The samples were analyzed at the Rômulo Rocha Clinical Analysis Center of the School of Pharmacy of the Federal University of Goiás - UFG. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated to the microbiological findings from the cytology smear. The odds ratio (OR) and adjusted OR were calculated and the confidence interval was set at 95% (CI 95%). The kappa index was used to evaluate the degree of agreement between the characteristics of the vaginal secretion and microbiological findings. RESULTS. The prevalence of BV, VVC and trichomoniasis was 25.5%, 9.3% and 2.0%, respectively. The report of a previous STI (OR=2.27; CI 95%=1.15-4.49; p=0.018) and the use of vaginal douching were associated to the diagnosis of BV (OR=4.71; CI 95%: 2.65-8.38; p=<0.001). None of the variables studied presented a significant association with the microbiological findings of VVC and trichomoniasis. The degree of agreement between the clinical evaluation of vaginal secretion and the microbiological diagnosis of BV, candidiasis and trichomoniasis, as analyzed by the kappa index was 0.47, 0.23 and 0.28, respectively. CONCLUSION. The most prevalent microbiological diagnosis was BV. The association found between the use of vaginal douching and BV indicated that it may be a triggering factor. The clinical evaluation of vaginal secretion presented a moderate to weak degree of agreement with the microbiological diagnosis, indicating the need for complementary investigation.