Efeitos da transformação martensítica induzida por deformação no aço inoxidável AISI 304 aplicada a transformadores usados em fornos elétricos a arco

• Autor(a) principal: Caetano, Matheus Porto
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRGS
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/267723
• topic: Engenharia metalúrgica; Aço inoxidável austenítico; Deformação plástica

The austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 is considered metastable, and therefore it is susceptible to martensitic transformation when subjected to mechanical stress or exposed to cryogenic temperatures. The present study aims to evaluate the changes in microstructure, mechanical, and magnetic properties of this material resulting from deformation-induced martensitic transformation, with the goal of its application in electric arc furnace transformer tanks. For this purpose, samples of austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 were used at different levels of pre-deformation. Quantitative analysis techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Meandering Winding Magnetometer, and optical microscopy were employed to investigate phase transformations, changes in magnetic permeability, and mechanical properties across the useful area of the speciments. Though the use of these techniques, the presence of martensitic α’ magnetic phase was observed even at the lowest applied pre-deformation, accompanied by a noticeable increase in relative magnetic permeability values and greater mechanical strength as deformation increase. This underscores the importance of proper material selection, utilization, and study of material behavior to achieve greater efficiency and prolong the lifespan of various equipment