The potential impact of new Andean dams on Amazon fluvial ecosystems
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFRGS |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10183/184062 |
Resumo: | Increased energy demand has led to plans for building many new dams in the western Amazon, mostly in the Andean region. Historical data and mechanistic scenarios are used to examine potential impacts above and below six of the largest dams planned for the region, including reductions in downstream sediment and nutrient supplies, changes in downstream flood pulse, changes in upstream and downstream fish yields, reservoir siltation, greenhouse gas emissions and mercury contamination. Together, these six dams are predicted to reduce the supply of sediments, phosphorus and nitrogen from the Andean region by 69, 67 and 57% and to the entire Amazon basin by 64, 51 and 23%, respectively. These large reductions in sediment and nutrient supplies will have major impacts on channel geomorphology, floodplain fertility and aquatic productivity. These effects will be greatest near the dams and extend to the lowland floodplains. Attenuation of the downstream flood pulse is expected to alter the survival, phenology and growth of floodplain vegetation and reduce fish yields below the dams. Reservoir filling times due to siltation are predicted to vary from 106–6240 years, affecting the storage performance of some dams. Total CO2 equivalent carbon emission from 4 Andean dams was expected to average 10 Tg y-1 during the first 30 years of operation, resulting in a MegaWatt weighted Carbon Emission Factor of 0.139 tons C MWhr-1. Mercury contamination in fish and local human populations is expected to increase both above and below the dams creating significant health risks. Reservoir fish yields will compensate some downstream losses, but increased mercury contamination could offset these benefits. |
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Forsberg, BruceMelack, John M.Dunne, ThomasBarthem, Ronaldo BorgesGoulding, MichaelPaiva, Rodrigo Cauduro Dias deSorribas, Mino VianaSilva Júnior, Urbano Lopes daWeisser, Sabine2018-10-27T03:12:31Z20171932-6203http://hdl.handle.net/10183/184062001079346Increased energy demand has led to plans for building many new dams in the western Amazon, mostly in the Andean region. Historical data and mechanistic scenarios are used to examine potential impacts above and below six of the largest dams planned for the region, including reductions in downstream sediment and nutrient supplies, changes in downstream flood pulse, changes in upstream and downstream fish yields, reservoir siltation, greenhouse gas emissions and mercury contamination. Together, these six dams are predicted to reduce the supply of sediments, phosphorus and nitrogen from the Andean region by 69, 67 and 57% and to the entire Amazon basin by 64, 51 and 23%, respectively. These large reductions in sediment and nutrient supplies will have major impacts on channel geomorphology, floodplain fertility and aquatic productivity. These effects will be greatest near the dams and extend to the lowland floodplains. Attenuation of the downstream flood pulse is expected to alter the survival, phenology and growth of floodplain vegetation and reduce fish yields below the dams. Reservoir filling times due to siltation are predicted to vary from 106–6240 years, affecting the storage performance of some dams. Total CO2 equivalent carbon emission from 4 Andean dams was expected to average 10 Tg y-1 during the first 30 years of operation, resulting in a MegaWatt weighted Carbon Emission Factor of 0.139 tons C MWhr-1. Mercury contamination in fish and local human populations is expected to increase both above and below the dams creating significant health risks. Reservoir fish yields will compensate some downstream losses, but increased mercury contamination could offset these benefits.application/pdfengPLoS ONE. San Francisco. Vol. 12, no. 8 (Aug. 2017), e0182254, 35 p.Barragem : ConstruçãoSedimentosMercúrio : ContaminaçãoImpacto ambientalPeixe de agua doceDióxido de carbono : Aspectos ambientaisFósforoNitrogênioAmazonas, Bacia doAndes, Cordilheira dos, RegiãoThe potential impact of new Andean dams on Amazon fluvial ecosystemsEstrangeiroinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRGSinstname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)instacron:UFRGSORIGINAL001079346.pdfTexto completo (inglês)application/pdf25343931http://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/10183/184062/1/001079346.pdf7a90b81393b4848576fcea74d1f53984MD51TEXT001079346.pdf.txt001079346.pdf.txtExtracted Texttext/plain119235http://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/10183/184062/2/001079346.pdf.txt6d3eb185b0e80e29d1da1a7a7d29aed7MD52THUMBNAIL001079346.pdf.jpg001079346.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg2003http://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/10183/184062/3/001079346.pdf.jpg513be37619ab8ec0beba313f3e65fe52MD5310183/1840622024-05-23 06:42:44.835731oai:www.lume.ufrgs.br:10183/184062Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttps://lume.ufrgs.br/oai/requestopendoar:2024-05-23T09:42:44Repositório Institucional da UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
The potential impact of new Andean dams on Amazon fluvial ecosystems |
title |
The potential impact of new Andean dams on Amazon fluvial ecosystems |
spellingShingle |
The potential impact of new Andean dams on Amazon fluvial ecosystems Forsberg, Bruce Barragem : Construção Sedimentos Mercúrio : Contaminação Impacto ambiental Peixe de agua doce Dióxido de carbono : Aspectos ambientais Fósforo Nitrogênio Amazonas, Bacia do Andes, Cordilheira dos, Região |
title_short |
The potential impact of new Andean dams on Amazon fluvial ecosystems |
title_full |
The potential impact of new Andean dams on Amazon fluvial ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
The potential impact of new Andean dams on Amazon fluvial ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
The potential impact of new Andean dams on Amazon fluvial ecosystems |
title_sort |
The potential impact of new Andean dams on Amazon fluvial ecosystems |
author |
Forsberg, Bruce |
author_facet |
Forsberg, Bruce Melack, John M. Dunne, Thomas Barthem, Ronaldo Borges Goulding, Michael Paiva, Rodrigo Cauduro Dias de Sorribas, Mino Viana Silva Júnior, Urbano Lopes da Weisser, Sabine |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Melack, John M. Dunne, Thomas Barthem, Ronaldo Borges Goulding, Michael Paiva, Rodrigo Cauduro Dias de Sorribas, Mino Viana Silva Júnior, Urbano Lopes da Weisser, Sabine |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Forsberg, Bruce Melack, John M. Dunne, Thomas Barthem, Ronaldo Borges Goulding, Michael Paiva, Rodrigo Cauduro Dias de Sorribas, Mino Viana Silva Júnior, Urbano Lopes da Weisser, Sabine |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Barragem : Construção Sedimentos Mercúrio : Contaminação Impacto ambiental Peixe de agua doce Dióxido de carbono : Aspectos ambientais Fósforo Nitrogênio Amazonas, Bacia do Andes, Cordilheira dos, Região |
topic |
Barragem : Construção Sedimentos Mercúrio : Contaminação Impacto ambiental Peixe de agua doce Dióxido de carbono : Aspectos ambientais Fósforo Nitrogênio Amazonas, Bacia do Andes, Cordilheira dos, Região |
description |
Increased energy demand has led to plans for building many new dams in the western Amazon, mostly in the Andean region. Historical data and mechanistic scenarios are used to examine potential impacts above and below six of the largest dams planned for the region, including reductions in downstream sediment and nutrient supplies, changes in downstream flood pulse, changes in upstream and downstream fish yields, reservoir siltation, greenhouse gas emissions and mercury contamination. Together, these six dams are predicted to reduce the supply of sediments, phosphorus and nitrogen from the Andean region by 69, 67 and 57% and to the entire Amazon basin by 64, 51 and 23%, respectively. These large reductions in sediment and nutrient supplies will have major impacts on channel geomorphology, floodplain fertility and aquatic productivity. These effects will be greatest near the dams and extend to the lowland floodplains. Attenuation of the downstream flood pulse is expected to alter the survival, phenology and growth of floodplain vegetation and reduce fish yields below the dams. Reservoir filling times due to siltation are predicted to vary from 106–6240 years, affecting the storage performance of some dams. Total CO2 equivalent carbon emission from 4 Andean dams was expected to average 10 Tg y-1 during the first 30 years of operation, resulting in a MegaWatt weighted Carbon Emission Factor of 0.139 tons C MWhr-1. Mercury contamination in fish and local human populations is expected to increase both above and below the dams creating significant health risks. Reservoir fish yields will compensate some downstream losses, but increased mercury contamination could offset these benefits. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2017 |
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2018-10-27T03:12:31Z |
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1932-6203 |
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001079346 |
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PLoS ONE. San Francisco. Vol. 12, no. 8 (Aug. 2017), e0182254, 35 p. |
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