Soil erosion and conservation in Brazil
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2014 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Anuário do Instituto de Geociências (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://revistas.ufrj.br/index.php/aigeo/article/view/6977 |
Resumo: | Brazil covers 8,547,403 km² and is divided into five regions (Northern, North Western, Central Western, South Eastern and Southern). The diversity of climate, geology, topography, biota and human activities have contributed to the considerable diversity of soil types and thus soil erosion problems. National soils can be classified into 12 classes. These are: Oxisols (38.7%), Alfisols (20.0%), Inceptisols (2.7%), Mollisols (0.5%), Spodosols (1.6%), Gleysols (3.7%), Aridisols (2.7%), Entisols (14.5%), Vertisols (2.0%), Ultisols (1.8%), Plinthosols (6%) and Alisols (4.3%). The erodibility of these Soil Orders is reviewed and is mainly related to soil texture. Sands and loamy sands are especially erodible. Soil erosion patterns are complex, being influenced by rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, topography, land use and management characteristics. Urban areas have specific erosion problems and there are illustrated using a case study from São Luis (north-east Brazil). Soil erosion rates can be excessive, in some cases exceeding 100 tonnes per hectare per year. Particularly serious soil erosion is associated with six regions. These are north-western Paraná State; the Central Plateau, in the Centre Western Region; Western São Paulo State; the Paraíba do Sul middle drainage basin, in Rio de Janeiro State; Campanha Gaúcha in Rio Grande do Sul State and Triângulo Mineiro, in western Minas Gerais State. Examples of effective soil conservation are presented, using case studies from both Paraná and Santa Catarina States. Integrated management of drainage basins offers a promising way forward for effective soil conservation in Brazil. |
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Soil erosion and conservation in BrazilErosão e conservação de solos no BrasilBrazil covers 8,547,403 km² and is divided into five regions (Northern, North Western, Central Western, South Eastern and Southern). The diversity of climate, geology, topography, biota and human activities have contributed to the considerable diversity of soil types and thus soil erosion problems. National soils can be classified into 12 classes. These are: Oxisols (38.7%), Alfisols (20.0%), Inceptisols (2.7%), Mollisols (0.5%), Spodosols (1.6%), Gleysols (3.7%), Aridisols (2.7%), Entisols (14.5%), Vertisols (2.0%), Ultisols (1.8%), Plinthosols (6%) and Alisols (4.3%). The erodibility of these Soil Orders is reviewed and is mainly related to soil texture. Sands and loamy sands are especially erodible. Soil erosion patterns are complex, being influenced by rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, topography, land use and management characteristics. Urban areas have specific erosion problems and there are illustrated using a case study from São Luis (north-east Brazil). Soil erosion rates can be excessive, in some cases exceeding 100 tonnes per hectare per year. Particularly serious soil erosion is associated with six regions. These are north-western Paraná State; the Central Plateau, in the Centre Western Region; Western São Paulo State; the Paraíba do Sul middle drainage basin, in Rio de Janeiro State; Campanha Gaúcha in Rio Grande do Sul State and Triângulo Mineiro, in western Minas Gerais State. Examples of effective soil conservation are presented, using case studies from both Paraná and Santa Catarina States. Integrated management of drainage basins offers a promising way forward for effective soil conservation in Brazil.O Brasil ocupa 8.547.403 km² e está dividido em cinco regiões (Norte, Nordeste, Centro-Oeste, Sudeste e Sul). A diversidade climática, geológica, topográfica, da biota e das atividades humanas tem contribuído para a grande diversidade de tipos de solo, assim como para os problemas de erosão. Solos nacionais podem ser classificados em 12 classes. Estes são: Latossolos (38,7%), Argissolos (20,0%), Cambissolos (2,7%), Chernossolos (0,5%), Espodossolos (1,6%), Gleissolos (3,7%), Luvissolos (2,7 %), Neossolos (14,5%), Vertissolos (2,0%), Planossolo (1,8 %), Plintossolos (6%) e Alissolos (4,3%). A erodibilidade dessas classes de solo foi revisada e relacionada principalmente à textura. Solos arenosos e franco-arenosos são especialmente mais susceptíveis à erosão. Os padrões de erosão são complexos, sendo influenciados pela erosividade da chuva, erodibilidade do solo, topografia, uso e manejo do solo. As zonas urbanas têm problemas específicos de erosão e estes são ilustrados através de um estudo de caso de São Luís (Nordeste do Brasil). As taxas de erosão são significativas, sendo em alguns casos superiores a 100 toneladas por hectare por ano. A erosão é particularmente grave associada com seis regiões: noroeste do Paraná, Planalto Central, Região Centro Oeste, Oeste do Estado de São Paulo, médio curso da Bacia do Paraíba do Sul, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro; na Campanha Gaúcha, no Rio Grande do Sul e no Triângulo Mineiro, Estado de Minas Gerais. Exemplos de conservação do solo são apresentados por meio de estudos de caso no Paraná e Santa Catarina. A gestão integrada de bacias hidrográficas oferece uma maneira promissora para a conservação do solo em vigor no Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro2014-06-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://revistas.ufrj.br/index.php/aigeo/article/view/697710.11137/2014_1_81_91Anuário do Instituto de Geociências; Vol 37, No 1 (2014); 81-91Anuário do Instituto de Geociências; Vol 37, No 1 (2014); 81-911982-39080101-9759reponame:Anuário do Instituto de Geociências (Online)instname:Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)instacron:UFRJenghttps://revistas.ufrj.br/index.php/aigeo/article/view/6977/5544Copyright (c) 2014 Anuário do Instituto de Geociênciashttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessGuerra, Antônio José TeixeiraFullen, Michael A.Jorge, Maria do Carmo OliveiraAlexandre, Silvia Teixeira2017-01-23T22:42:35Zoai:www.revistas.ufrj.br:article/6977Revistahttps://revistas.ufrj.br/index.php/aigeo/indexPUBhttps://revistas.ufrj.br/index.php/aigeo/oaianuario@igeo.ufrj.br||1982-39080101-9759opendoar:2017-01-23T22:42:35Anuário do Instituto de Geociências (Online) - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Soil erosion and conservation in Brazil Erosão e conservação de solos no Brasil |
title |
Soil erosion and conservation in Brazil |
spellingShingle |
Soil erosion and conservation in Brazil Guerra, Antônio José Teixeira |
title_short |
Soil erosion and conservation in Brazil |
title_full |
Soil erosion and conservation in Brazil |
title_fullStr |
Soil erosion and conservation in Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Soil erosion and conservation in Brazil |
title_sort |
Soil erosion and conservation in Brazil |
author |
Guerra, Antônio José Teixeira |
author_facet |
Guerra, Antônio José Teixeira Fullen, Michael A. Jorge, Maria do Carmo Oliveira Alexandre, Silvia Teixeira |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Fullen, Michael A. Jorge, Maria do Carmo Oliveira Alexandre, Silvia Teixeira |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Guerra, Antônio José Teixeira Fullen, Michael A. Jorge, Maria do Carmo Oliveira Alexandre, Silvia Teixeira |
description |
Brazil covers 8,547,403 km² and is divided into five regions (Northern, North Western, Central Western, South Eastern and Southern). The diversity of climate, geology, topography, biota and human activities have contributed to the considerable diversity of soil types and thus soil erosion problems. National soils can be classified into 12 classes. These are: Oxisols (38.7%), Alfisols (20.0%), Inceptisols (2.7%), Mollisols (0.5%), Spodosols (1.6%), Gleysols (3.7%), Aridisols (2.7%), Entisols (14.5%), Vertisols (2.0%), Ultisols (1.8%), Plinthosols (6%) and Alisols (4.3%). The erodibility of these Soil Orders is reviewed and is mainly related to soil texture. Sands and loamy sands are especially erodible. Soil erosion patterns are complex, being influenced by rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, topography, land use and management characteristics. Urban areas have specific erosion problems and there are illustrated using a case study from São Luis (north-east Brazil). Soil erosion rates can be excessive, in some cases exceeding 100 tonnes per hectare per year. Particularly serious soil erosion is associated with six regions. These are north-western Paraná State; the Central Plateau, in the Centre Western Region; Western São Paulo State; the Paraíba do Sul middle drainage basin, in Rio de Janeiro State; Campanha Gaúcha in Rio Grande do Sul State and Triângulo Mineiro, in western Minas Gerais State. Examples of effective soil conservation are presented, using case studies from both Paraná and Santa Catarina States. Integrated management of drainage basins offers a promising way forward for effective soil conservation in Brazil. |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014-06-01 |
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
|
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://revistas.ufrj.br/index.php/aigeo/article/view/6977 10.11137/2014_1_81_91 |
url |
https://revistas.ufrj.br/index.php/aigeo/article/view/6977 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.11137/2014_1_81_91 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://revistas.ufrj.br/index.php/aigeo/article/view/6977/5544 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2014 Anuário do Instituto de Geociências http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2014 Anuário do Instituto de Geociências http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Anuário do Instituto de Geociências; Vol 37, No 1 (2014); 81-91 Anuário do Instituto de Geociências; Vol 37, No 1 (2014); 81-91 1982-3908 0101-9759 reponame:Anuário do Instituto de Geociências (Online) instname:Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) instacron:UFRJ |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) |
instacron_str |
UFRJ |
institution |
UFRJ |
reponame_str |
Anuário do Instituto de Geociências (Online) |
collection |
Anuário do Instituto de Geociências (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Anuário do Instituto de Geociências (Online) - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) |
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anuario@igeo.ufrj.br|| |
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1797053540164698112 |