Comunidades micorrízicas em tratamentos de restauração ecológica da caatinga

• Autor(a) principal: Medeiros, Adler Santana de
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRN
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/43337
• topic: Agrofloresta; Agroforesty; Folhiço; Litterfall; Irrigação; Irrigation; Micorriza; Mycorrhiza; Recuperação de áreas degradadas; Ecological restoration

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), are soil organisms that form association with a large variety of plants. They directly influence plants growth by increasing nutrients absorption, and providing a network of nutrient distribution for the whole plant community. Thus, restoration projects that re-establish fungi-plant connections might increase the chances of restoration success. Our study focus on how different ecological restoration techniques influence AMF communities in the Brazilian semiarid Caatinga. The study was conducted in the National Forest (FLONA) of Açu, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Communities of soil fungi were studied in thirty-five soil samples in a factorial experiment with the treatments applied in blocks for restoration program: litter; water; litter + water; agroforest; control; conserved area; degraded area. Were studied also plots in a conserved area (tree vegetation) and in a regeneration area (grass vegetation). Treatments were established in 12 x 12 m plots, 2 m apart, arranged in five replicated blocks. Blocks were arranged in a 2 ha area at least 5 m apart from degraded area plots. Only in the conserved area plots were arranged in a 250 m transect. From each soil sample, the number of glomerospores were counted and identified. Their abundance was compared between treatments by Kruskal-Wallis test. Soil chemistry analyses showed that organic matter and nutrients are able to structure fungal communities. Higher diversity and richest of glomerospores were found in litterfall transposition and Agroforestry treatments. Those methods emerged as the bests for re-establishing micorrizal communities.