Placa aterosclerótica à angiotomografia de coronárias em pacientes com escore de cálcio zero

• Autor(a) principal: Telino, Caio José Coutinho Leal
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/7567
• topic: Medicina; Saúde; Tomografia computadorizada; Placa aterosclerótica; Coronariopatia; Medicine; Computed tomography; Atherosclerotic plaque; Coronary disease; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Background: Faced with the high mortality due to Cardiovascular Diseases in the world, it is necessary to stratify the main risk factors and to choose the correct diagnostic method. Several studies have demonstrated that a zero coronary artery calcium score (CACS) characterizes a low risk of cardiovascular events. However, individuals who do not present coronary calcification through CACS have atherosclerotic plaques with conflicting prevalence in the literature. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the frequency of atherosclerotic plaque and associated factors in patients with zero CACS and to assess the degree of obstruction. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 367 patients submitted to Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) between April 2011 and November 2016, in four imaging centers and with predominantly prospective data collection. Patients with zero CACS with clinical information obtained by questionnaire were included. Results: The mean age of the patients was 53.7±10.5 years and 63.5% were female. The frequency of atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries of the 367 patients with zero CACS was 9.3% (34). Of these, 4.3% (16) presented significant stenosis (> 50%) and 5% (18) did not present significant stenosis (<50%). The frequency of 90.6% (29) of non-obese (p = 0.037) and 55.9% (19) of alcoholics (p = 0.015) presented significant values with presence of atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. Thus, non-obese and stylists represented an odds ratio of 3.4 for the development of atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries. Conclusion: The prevalence of atheroma plaque with zero CACS was considerable, evidencing that the absence of calcification does not exclude atherosclerotic plaque nor obstructive lesion, mainly in the non-obese and the alcoholic.