Diversidade, composição e estrutura de comunidade de morcegos (Mammalia: chiroptera) em habitats de caatinga e brejo de altitude do estado de Sergipe

• Autor(a) principal: Rocha, Patrício Adriano da
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4441
• topic: Caatinga; Brejo de altitude; Chiroptera; Diversidade; Caatinga; Forest enclave; Chiroptera; Diversity; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS

Bats are distributed in all Brazilian biomes. Of the 167 species known to occur in Brazil, more than 70 have been recorded in the Caatinga. Despite this diversity, the few studies available for the Caatinga are concentrated at a small number of sites, leaving considerable gaps in the data. A variety of vegetation types are found in the Caatinga. One of the most striking is the enclaves of humid forest, known as brejos de altitude , found in the semi-arid matrix. The objective of the present study was to define the structure of the chiropteran communities of the Caatinga proper and the local brejo known as Serra da Guia, in the state of Sergipe, and analyze the differences between them. For this, monthly captures (three nights in each habitat) were carried out monthly between October, 2008, and September, 2009. The total sampling effort of 185,790 h.m² resulted in the capture of 157 specimens belonging to 12 species in the caatinga, and 259 individuals from 14 species in the brejo, and a total of 18 species. Two of these species warrant special attention. One is Lichonycteris obscura, which had not been recorded previously in the Caatinga, and the other is Micronycteris sanborni, which is classified by the IUCN as Data Deficient. Eight species were common to both habitats, but differed considerably in terms of abundance. The most abundant species in the caatinga was Glossophaga soricina (n = 54, 34% of the total), whereas in the brejo, it was Carollia perspicillata (n = 95, 36%). While the family Phyllostomidae was the most common in both areas, the subfamily Glossophaginae predominated in the caatinga, whereas Stenodermatinae was most abundant in the brejo. The frugivore guild was by far the most abundant in the brejo (n = 233), where some species appear to concentrate during the dry season, expanding their foraging range into the caatinga during the wet season. By contrast, the nectarivores were the most abundant guild in the caatinga throughout the year, which suggests that sufficient nectar was available to support this guild, even during the dry season.