Teorias contextualistas em epistemologia
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2010 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9091 |
Resumo: | Historically epistemology has defined knowledge as universal and infallible. However, tradition has not accounted for solving in a sufficiently satisfactory way the issues posed by skeptics such as the question of existence of an external world outside the mind, the argument from illusion and from error, among others. Consequently, reformulations of the concept of knowledge have been proposed, developing new approaches to Epistemology. Externalist theories are found among the new approaches proposed, whereby externalism is the defense that the one who believes does not need to have access to the reasons that justify his/her beliefs. Moreover, some of these new proposals defend that knowledge is fallible, and that our beliefs are nullified and in need of revision, that is, they are theories of fallibility. Contextualism is to be found among the new epistemic theories. Contextualist theories hold a series of divergent formulations, but they all agree that knowledge is relative to the context that it is inserted and in which it is discussed. Contextualists accuse traditional epistemology of ignoring the different contexts in which there is knowledge by assuming as a standard a highly strict epistemological context that regulates knowledge in any circumstance. According to defenders of contextualism, the simple fact of considering the contextual differences would eliminate skepticism. This works intends to show that contextualism corresponds to a new way of comprehending knowledge in epistemology, and in doing so, it reformulates the main concepts of tradition. Contextualism comprehends knowledge in a practical way, defending that the social norms should be taken into account in epistemology, and especially it opposes skeptical objections. |
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2010-11-232010-11-232010-08-30KETZER, Patricia. CONTEXTUALIST THEORIES IN EPISTEMOLOGY. 2010. 118 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9091Historically epistemology has defined knowledge as universal and infallible. However, tradition has not accounted for solving in a sufficiently satisfactory way the issues posed by skeptics such as the question of existence of an external world outside the mind, the argument from illusion and from error, among others. Consequently, reformulations of the concept of knowledge have been proposed, developing new approaches to Epistemology. Externalist theories are found among the new approaches proposed, whereby externalism is the defense that the one who believes does not need to have access to the reasons that justify his/her beliefs. Moreover, some of these new proposals defend that knowledge is fallible, and that our beliefs are nullified and in need of revision, that is, they are theories of fallibility. Contextualism is to be found among the new epistemic theories. Contextualist theories hold a series of divergent formulations, but they all agree that knowledge is relative to the context that it is inserted and in which it is discussed. Contextualists accuse traditional epistemology of ignoring the different contexts in which there is knowledge by assuming as a standard a highly strict epistemological context that regulates knowledge in any circumstance. According to defenders of contextualism, the simple fact of considering the contextual differences would eliminate skepticism. This works intends to show that contextualism corresponds to a new way of comprehending knowledge in epistemology, and in doing so, it reformulates the main concepts of tradition. Contextualism comprehends knowledge in a practical way, defending that the social norms should be taken into account in epistemology, and especially it opposes skeptical objections.Historicamente a epistemologia tem definido conhecimento como universal e infalível. Mas a tradição não deu conta de resolver de forma suficientemente satisfatória as questões colocadas pelos céticos, tais como o questionamento da existência do mundo externo à mente, o argumento da ilusão e do erro, entre outros. Diante disso, reformulações no conceito de conhecimento têm sido admitidas, dando origem a novas abordagens em Epistemologia. Entre as novas abordagens propostas estão as teorias externalistas, sendo que o externalismo é a defesa de que aquele que crê não precisa ter acesso às razões que justificam suas crenças. Além disso, algumas destas novas propostas defendem que o conhecimento é falível, e nossas crenças são anuláveis e revisáveis, ou seja, são teorias falibilistas. Dentre as novas teorias epistêmicas encontra-se o contextualismo. As teorias contextualistas apresentam uma série de formulações divergentes, mas todas concordam que conhecimento é relativo ao contexto em que está inserido e no qual é discutido. Os contextualistas acusam a epistemologia tradicional de ignorar os diferentes contextos em que há conhecimento, ao tomar como padrão um contexto epistemológico altamente rigoroso, que regula o conhecimento em qualquer circunstância. Segundo os defensores do contextualismo, o simples fato de considerar as diferenças contextuais já eliminaria o ceticismo. Este trabalho pretende mostrar que o contextualismo corresponde a uma nova forma de compreender o conhecimento em epistemologia e, para tal, reformula os principais conceitos da tradição. O contextualismo compreende conhecimento de uma forma prática, defende que as normas sociais devem ser levadas em conta na epistemologia e, sobretudo, opõe-se às objeções céticas.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em FilosofiaUFSMBRFilosofiaEpistemologiaContextualismoContextosCeticismoEpistemologyContextualismContextsSkepticismCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIATeorias contextualistas em epistemologiaContextualist theories in epistemologyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisGallina, Albertinho Luizhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4797014A6Sartori, Carlos Augustohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4708889E0Müller, Felipe Martinshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4723058U1http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4221599P8Ketzer, Patricia7001000000044005003005005006dd1762b-d15e-4dab-bf93-1ae6494c41bf0aa80772-8aad-4cc3-95bd-5d881076bbb441a3e790-1850-409c-8ddd-18b704f75533acd9e194-08a4-4237-a862-9782deb57005info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALKETZER, PATRICIA.pdfapplication/pdf641340http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/9091/1/KETZER%2c%20PATRICIA.pdfad1b81f8c17cf2dd578005b13df6bb8cMD51TEXTKETZER, PATRICIA.pdf.txtKETZER, PATRICIA.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain309523http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/9091/2/KETZER%2c%20PATRICIA.pdf.txt7b565656882493b3c9fb8b95d91b8f04MD52THUMBNAILKETZER, PATRICIA.pdf.jpgKETZER, PATRICIA.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg5077http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/9091/3/KETZER%2c%20PATRICIA.pdf.jpgd3d112cf28cc2574a3a0608bb450266fMD531/90912021-11-17 14:14:03.396oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/9091Repositório Institucionalhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/PUBhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestouvidoria@ufsm.bropendoar:39132021-11-17T17:14:03Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Teorias contextualistas em epistemologia |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Contextualist theories in epistemology |
title |
Teorias contextualistas em epistemologia |
spellingShingle |
Teorias contextualistas em epistemologia Ketzer, Patricia Epistemologia Contextualismo Contextos Ceticismo Epistemology Contextualism Contexts Skepticism CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA |
title_short |
Teorias contextualistas em epistemologia |
title_full |
Teorias contextualistas em epistemologia |
title_fullStr |
Teorias contextualistas em epistemologia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Teorias contextualistas em epistemologia |
title_sort |
Teorias contextualistas em epistemologia |
author |
Ketzer, Patricia |
author_facet |
Ketzer, Patricia |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Gallina, Albertinho Luiz |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4797014A6 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Sartori, Carlos Augusto |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4708889E0 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Müller, Felipe Martins |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4723058U1 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4221599P8 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Ketzer, Patricia |
contributor_str_mv |
Gallina, Albertinho Luiz Sartori, Carlos Augusto Müller, Felipe Martins |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Epistemologia Contextualismo Contextos Ceticismo |
topic |
Epistemologia Contextualismo Contextos Ceticismo Epistemology Contextualism Contexts Skepticism CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Epistemology Contextualism Contexts Skepticism |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA |
description |
Historically epistemology has defined knowledge as universal and infallible. However, tradition has not accounted for solving in a sufficiently satisfactory way the issues posed by skeptics such as the question of existence of an external world outside the mind, the argument from illusion and from error, among others. Consequently, reformulations of the concept of knowledge have been proposed, developing new approaches to Epistemology. Externalist theories are found among the new approaches proposed, whereby externalism is the defense that the one who believes does not need to have access to the reasons that justify his/her beliefs. Moreover, some of these new proposals defend that knowledge is fallible, and that our beliefs are nullified and in need of revision, that is, they are theories of fallibility. Contextualism is to be found among the new epistemic theories. Contextualist theories hold a series of divergent formulations, but they all agree that knowledge is relative to the context that it is inserted and in which it is discussed. Contextualists accuse traditional epistemology of ignoring the different contexts in which there is knowledge by assuming as a standard a highly strict epistemological context that regulates knowledge in any circumstance. According to defenders of contextualism, the simple fact of considering the contextual differences would eliminate skepticism. This works intends to show that contextualism corresponds to a new way of comprehending knowledge in epistemology, and in doing so, it reformulates the main concepts of tradition. Contextualism comprehends knowledge in a practical way, defending that the social norms should be taken into account in epistemology, and especially it opposes skeptical objections. |
publishDate |
2010 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2010-11-23 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2010-11-23 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2010-08-30 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
KETZER, Patricia. CONTEXTUALIST THEORIES IN EPISTEMOLOGY. 2010. 118 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9091 |
identifier_str_mv |
KETZER, Patricia. CONTEXTUALIST THEORIES IN EPISTEMOLOGY. 2010. 118 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010. |
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http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9091 |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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