Fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência de Echium plantagineum L. em diferentes sistemas de manejo
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20755 |
Resumo: | Echium plantagineum, popularly known as the purple flower, is considered an annual weed, which infests crops and pastures in the fall, winter and spring periods. Considered an aggressive species of rapid growth, has high capacity competition being classified as a species difficult to control. In addition to presenting adaptation to different environmental conditions. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the influence of abiotic factors on seed germination, emergence flow and soil seed bank in management systems, and to monitor the germination of seeds stored in different environments. Experiments were carried out in laboratory under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of light qualities and dormancy overcoming, and influence of solutions with different aluminum concentrations and pH on seed germination. In the field, an experiment was conducted with four tillage systems, with no-tillage and tillage systems, both with and without control of E. plantagineum on ryegrass pasture, which evaluated the monthly emergency flow for 25 months and the soil seed bank. In addition, germination and viability of seeds stored in different environments for 12 months: in soil buried at 20 cm depth, cold chamber and ambient conditions in the laboratory were monitored. When dormancy was not overcome, light quality influenced germination, with higher germination occurring under red light incidence and lower germination in the absence of light. Overcoming dormancy the quality of light did not interfere with germination. It was verified that the presence of aluminum in the substrate presented toxic effect to seed germination, being smaller with the increase of aluminum concentrations. However, germination of E. plantagineum seeds was little affected by substrate pH and was not a limiting factor to germination. In the field experiment it was observed that the emergency flows were concentrated from January to April, with higher intensity in the no-tillage system without E. plantagineum control. The no-tillage system with control presented greater reduction of the soil seed bank, whereas the tillage systems distribute the seeds vertically in the soil profile, with seed bank feeding. Seed storage reduced germination after the fourth month of soil storage and increased dormant seeds. Given this, integrated management strategies such as no-till and presence of soil cover with crop residues, coupled with herbicide control can be efficient in the management of E. plantagineum and reduction of soil seed bank. |
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Fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência de Echium plantagineum L. em diferentes sistemas de manejoAbiotic factors in seed germination, emergency flow of Echium plantagineum L. in different management systemsBanco de sementesControle químicoFlor-roxaQualidade de luzSeed bankChemical controlPurple flowerLight qualityCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIAEchium plantagineum, popularly known as the purple flower, is considered an annual weed, which infests crops and pastures in the fall, winter and spring periods. Considered an aggressive species of rapid growth, has high capacity competition being classified as a species difficult to control. In addition to presenting adaptation to different environmental conditions. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the influence of abiotic factors on seed germination, emergence flow and soil seed bank in management systems, and to monitor the germination of seeds stored in different environments. Experiments were carried out in laboratory under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of light qualities and dormancy overcoming, and influence of solutions with different aluminum concentrations and pH on seed germination. In the field, an experiment was conducted with four tillage systems, with no-tillage and tillage systems, both with and without control of E. plantagineum on ryegrass pasture, which evaluated the monthly emergency flow for 25 months and the soil seed bank. In addition, germination and viability of seeds stored in different environments for 12 months: in soil buried at 20 cm depth, cold chamber and ambient conditions in the laboratory were monitored. When dormancy was not overcome, light quality influenced germination, with higher germination occurring under red light incidence and lower germination in the absence of light. Overcoming dormancy the quality of light did not interfere with germination. It was verified that the presence of aluminum in the substrate presented toxic effect to seed germination, being smaller with the increase of aluminum concentrations. However, germination of E. plantagineum seeds was little affected by substrate pH and was not a limiting factor to germination. In the field experiment it was observed that the emergency flows were concentrated from January to April, with higher intensity in the no-tillage system without E. plantagineum control. The no-tillage system with control presented greater reduction of the soil seed bank, whereas the tillage systems distribute the seeds vertically in the soil profile, with seed bank feeding. Seed storage reduced germination after the fourth month of soil storage and increased dormant seeds. Given this, integrated management strategies such as no-till and presence of soil cover with crop residues, coupled with herbicide control can be efficient in the management of E. plantagineum and reduction of soil seed bank.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESEchium plantagineum, conhecida popularmente como flor-roxa, é considerada uma planta daninha anual, que infesta culturas e pastagens nos períodos de outono, inverno e primavera. Considerada uma espécie agressiva, de rápido crescimento, possui alta capacidade de competição sendo classificada como espécie de difícil controle. Além de apresentar adaptação a diferentes condições ambientais. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar a influência de fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência e banco de semente do solo em sistemas de manejo, e monitorar a germinação de sementes armazenadas em diferentes ambientes. Realizou-se experimentos em laboratório sob condições controladas, visando avaliar o efeito de qualidades de luz e superação de dormência, e influência de soluções com diferentes concentrações de alumínio e pH na germinação de sementes. Em campo, foi conduzido um experimento com quatro sistemas de cultivo, sendo os sistemas de plantio direto e preparo de solo, ambos com e sem controle de E. plantagineum em pastagem de azevém, no qual avaliou-se o fluxo de emergência mensal durante 25 meses e o banco de semente do solo. Além disso, foi monitorada a germinação e viabilidade de sementes armazenadas em diferentes ambientes por 12 meses: no solo enterradas a 20 cm de profundidade, câmara fria e condição ambiente em laboratório. Observou-se, quando não foi realizada a superação de dormência, que a qualidade da luz influenciou na germinação, ocorrendo maior germinação sob incidência de luz vermelha e menor na ausência de luz. Ao superar a dormência a qualidade da luz não interferiu na germinação. Verificou-se que a presença de alumínio no substrato apresentou efeito tóxico à germinação das sementes, sendo menor com o aumento das concentrações de alumínio. No entanto, a germinação de sementes de E. plantagineum foi pouco afetada pelo pH do substrato, não sendo um fator limitante à germinação. No experimento em campo observou-se que os fluxos de emergência se concentraram nos meses de janeiro a abril, com maior intensidade no sistema de plantio direto sem controle de E. plantagineum. O sistema de plantio direto com controle apresentou maior redução do banco de sementes do solo, já os sistemas com preparo de solo distribuem de forma vertical as sementes no perfil do solo, ocorrendo alimentação do banco de sementes. No armazenamento das sementes verificou-se redução da germinação a partir do quarto mês de armazenamento no solo e aumento das sementes dormentes. Diante disso, estratégias integradas de manejo como plantio direto e presença de cobertura do solo com restos culturais, atrelado ao controle com herbicida podem ser eficientes no manejo de E. plantagineum e redução do banco de semente do solo.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilAgronomiaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em AgronomiaCentro de Ciências RuraisNunes, Ubirajara Russihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8937125213120268Lopes, Sidinei JoseParanhos, Juçara TerezinhaBertagnolli, Carla MedianeiraGuareschi, AndréRoso, Rodrigo2021-05-03T11:27:26Z2021-05-03T11:27:26Z2019-12-10info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20755porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2021-05-04T06:02:43Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/20755Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2021-05-04T06:02:43Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência de Echium plantagineum L. em diferentes sistemas de manejo Abiotic factors in seed germination, emergency flow of Echium plantagineum L. in different management systems |
title |
Fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência de Echium plantagineum L. em diferentes sistemas de manejo |
spellingShingle |
Fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência de Echium plantagineum L. em diferentes sistemas de manejo Roso, Rodrigo Banco de sementes Controle químico Flor-roxa Qualidade de luz Seed bank Chemical control Purple flower Light quality CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
title_short |
Fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência de Echium plantagineum L. em diferentes sistemas de manejo |
title_full |
Fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência de Echium plantagineum L. em diferentes sistemas de manejo |
title_fullStr |
Fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência de Echium plantagineum L. em diferentes sistemas de manejo |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência de Echium plantagineum L. em diferentes sistemas de manejo |
title_sort |
Fatores abióticos na germinação de sementes, fluxo de emergência de Echium plantagineum L. em diferentes sistemas de manejo |
author |
Roso, Rodrigo |
author_facet |
Roso, Rodrigo |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Nunes, Ubirajara Russi http://lattes.cnpq.br/8937125213120268 Lopes, Sidinei Jose Paranhos, Juçara Terezinha Bertagnolli, Carla Medianeira Guareschi, André |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Roso, Rodrigo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Banco de sementes Controle químico Flor-roxa Qualidade de luz Seed bank Chemical control Purple flower Light quality CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
topic |
Banco de sementes Controle químico Flor-roxa Qualidade de luz Seed bank Chemical control Purple flower Light quality CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
description |
Echium plantagineum, popularly known as the purple flower, is considered an annual weed, which infests crops and pastures in the fall, winter and spring periods. Considered an aggressive species of rapid growth, has high capacity competition being classified as a species difficult to control. In addition to presenting adaptation to different environmental conditions. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the influence of abiotic factors on seed germination, emergence flow and soil seed bank in management systems, and to monitor the germination of seeds stored in different environments. Experiments were carried out in laboratory under controlled conditions to evaluate the effect of light qualities and dormancy overcoming, and influence of solutions with different aluminum concentrations and pH on seed germination. In the field, an experiment was conducted with four tillage systems, with no-tillage and tillage systems, both with and without control of E. plantagineum on ryegrass pasture, which evaluated the monthly emergency flow for 25 months and the soil seed bank. In addition, germination and viability of seeds stored in different environments for 12 months: in soil buried at 20 cm depth, cold chamber and ambient conditions in the laboratory were monitored. When dormancy was not overcome, light quality influenced germination, with higher germination occurring under red light incidence and lower germination in the absence of light. Overcoming dormancy the quality of light did not interfere with germination. It was verified that the presence of aluminum in the substrate presented toxic effect to seed germination, being smaller with the increase of aluminum concentrations. However, germination of E. plantagineum seeds was little affected by substrate pH and was not a limiting factor to germination. In the field experiment it was observed that the emergency flows were concentrated from January to April, with higher intensity in the no-tillage system without E. plantagineum control. The no-tillage system with control presented greater reduction of the soil seed bank, whereas the tillage systems distribute the seeds vertically in the soil profile, with seed bank feeding. Seed storage reduced germination after the fourth month of soil storage and increased dormant seeds. Given this, integrated management strategies such as no-till and presence of soil cover with crop residues, coupled with herbicide control can be efficient in the management of E. plantagineum and reduction of soil seed bank. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-12-10 2021-05-03T11:27:26Z 2021-05-03T11:27:26Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20755 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20755 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia Centro de Ciências Rurais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
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1805922143459868672 |