Nutrição, sombreamento e antagonismo biológico no controle da podridão-de-raízes da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill)
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2008 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8629 |
Resumo: | The erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is a species broadly cultivated in southern Brazil and neighboring countries, which leaves and fine branches prepared according to the appropriate method, make the mate or chimarrão , the most popular tea consumed in Brazil and exported everywhere. With the increasing planted area, mainly in the last decade, fitossanitary problems caused by pest and diseases have increased in this crop and among them, the root-rot is becoming one of the main ones. The disease is caused by Fusarium spp., besides Pythium sp. and Rhizoctonia sp. and, it causes serious damages to the roots, causing, in most serious cases, death of the plant. With the suspicion that the incidence and disease severity are influenced by cultivation methods and management practices, such as mineral fertilizers application without technical criteria or no fertilizers, lime application and erva-mate cultivation at full sun, experiments were conducted in the Forest Nursery area belonging to Forest Sciences Department of the Federal University Santa Maria with the objective of confirming these assumptions. The first experiment was conducted in a factorial design (4 x 3 x 4) composed by Fusarium spp. inoculation, by lime application and by NPK fertilization. The second experiment was conducted in a factorial design (2 x 5), composed by Fusarium spp. inoculation and by shading levels. The use of commercial bioprotectors containing antagonistic organisms to Fusarium spp. has given satisfactory results in some patossystems. Therefore, in the conduction of a third experiment, in a factorial design (4 x 4), Fusarium spp. inoculation and the efficiency of commercial products for biological control was tested. It was verified that the lime application, combined with large fertilizer doses, compromised the development of the erva-mate plants, besides turning them more susceptible to Fusarium spp. The availability of nutrients also influenced the fungic population of the soil. In the same way, plants submitted to cower shading levels or full sun had its development compromised and were more susceptible to the disease. The use of commercial bioprotectors was not efficient in the conditions of this experiment. |
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Nutrição, sombreamento e antagonismo biológico no controle da podridão-de-raízes da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill)Nutrition, shading and biological antagonism in root-rot control of erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill)Fusarium oxysporumF. solaniNutrientesLuminosidadeBioprotetoresNutrientsLuminosityBioprotectorsCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTALThe erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is a species broadly cultivated in southern Brazil and neighboring countries, which leaves and fine branches prepared according to the appropriate method, make the mate or chimarrão , the most popular tea consumed in Brazil and exported everywhere. With the increasing planted area, mainly in the last decade, fitossanitary problems caused by pest and diseases have increased in this crop and among them, the root-rot is becoming one of the main ones. The disease is caused by Fusarium spp., besides Pythium sp. and Rhizoctonia sp. and, it causes serious damages to the roots, causing, in most serious cases, death of the plant. With the suspicion that the incidence and disease severity are influenced by cultivation methods and management practices, such as mineral fertilizers application without technical criteria or no fertilizers, lime application and erva-mate cultivation at full sun, experiments were conducted in the Forest Nursery area belonging to Forest Sciences Department of the Federal University Santa Maria with the objective of confirming these assumptions. The first experiment was conducted in a factorial design (4 x 3 x 4) composed by Fusarium spp. inoculation, by lime application and by NPK fertilization. The second experiment was conducted in a factorial design (2 x 5), composed by Fusarium spp. inoculation and by shading levels. The use of commercial bioprotectors containing antagonistic organisms to Fusarium spp. has given satisfactory results in some patossystems. Therefore, in the conduction of a third experiment, in a factorial design (4 x 4), Fusarium spp. inoculation and the efficiency of commercial products for biological control was tested. It was verified that the lime application, combined with large fertilizer doses, compromised the development of the erva-mate plants, besides turning them more susceptible to Fusarium spp. The availability of nutrients also influenced the fungic population of the soil. In the same way, plants submitted to cower shading levels or full sun had its development compromised and were more susceptible to the disease. The use of commercial bioprotectors was not efficient in the conditions of this experiment.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorA erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) é uma espécie amplamente cultivada no sul do Brasil e países vizinhos, cujas folhas e galhos finos preparados, segundo método apropriado, fornecem o mate ou chimarrão, o mais popular chá consumido no Brasil e exportado para todo o mundo. Com o aumento da área plantada, sobretudo na última década, os problemas fitossanitários causados por pragas e doenças aumentaram e, dentre estes, a podridão-de-raízes vem se tornando um dos principais. A doença é causada por Fusarium spp., além de Pythium sp. e Rhizoctonia sp. e provoca sérios danos decorrentes da destruição do sistema radicular, ocasionando, nos casos mais graves, morte da planta. Suspeita-se que a incidência e a severidade da doença são influenciadas pelos métodos de cultivo e por práticas de manejo do erval, como aplicação de adubos minerais sem critérios técnicos ou ausência de adubação, calagem do solo e cultivo de ervais a pleno sol. Assim, foram instalados experimentos na área do Viveiro Florestal pertencente ao Departamento de Ciências Florestais da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria com o objetivo de confirmar tais hipóteses. O primeiro experimento foi conduzido em um esquema fatorial (4 x 3 x 4) composto pela inoculação de Fusarium spp., pela calagem do solo e pela adubação NPK. O segundo experimento foi conduzido em um esquema fatorial (2 x 5), composto pela inoculação de Fusarium spp. e por níveis de sombreamento. Além disso, a utilização de bioprotetores comerciais contendo organismos antagônicos ao Fusarium spp. tem dado resultados satisfatórios em alguns patossistemas. Portanto, conduziu-se um terceiro experimento, em um esquema fatorial (4 x 4), testando-se a inoculação de Fusarium spp. e a eficiência de produtos comerciais para controle biológico. Verificou-se que a calagem do solo, combinada com maiores doses de adubação, comprometeu o desenvolvimento das plantas de erva-mate, além de torná-las mais suscetíveis ao ataque de Fusarium spp. A disponibilidade de nutrientes também influenciou a população fúngica do solo. Da mesma forma, plantas submetidas aos menores níveis de sombreamento ou a pleno sol tiveram seu desenvolvimento prejudicado e ficaram mais suscetíveis à doença. A utilização de bioprotetores comerciais não foi eficiente nas condições deste experimento.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBRRecursos Florestais e Engenharia FlorestalUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia FlorestalMuniz, Marlove Fatima Briãohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3148312031889388Blume, Elenahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3299996746493028Santos, Álvaro Figueredo doshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1181199965618168Poletto, Igor2008-06-182008-06-182008-02-20info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfapplication/pdfPOLETTO, Igor. Nutrition, shading and biological antagonism in root-rot control of erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill). 2008. 123 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2008.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8629porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2022-07-12T18:34:55Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/8629Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-07-12T18:34:55Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Nutrição, sombreamento e antagonismo biológico no controle da podridão-de-raízes da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill) Nutrition, shading and biological antagonism in root-rot control of erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill) |
title |
Nutrição, sombreamento e antagonismo biológico no controle da podridão-de-raízes da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill) |
spellingShingle |
Nutrição, sombreamento e antagonismo biológico no controle da podridão-de-raízes da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill) Poletto, Igor Fusarium oxysporum F. solani Nutrientes Luminosidade Bioprotetores Nutrients Luminosity Bioprotectors CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
title_short |
Nutrição, sombreamento e antagonismo biológico no controle da podridão-de-raízes da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill) |
title_full |
Nutrição, sombreamento e antagonismo biológico no controle da podridão-de-raízes da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill) |
title_fullStr |
Nutrição, sombreamento e antagonismo biológico no controle da podridão-de-raízes da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nutrição, sombreamento e antagonismo biológico no controle da podridão-de-raízes da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill) |
title_sort |
Nutrição, sombreamento e antagonismo biológico no controle da podridão-de-raízes da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill) |
author |
Poletto, Igor |
author_facet |
Poletto, Igor |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Muniz, Marlove Fatima Brião http://lattes.cnpq.br/3148312031889388 Blume, Elena http://lattes.cnpq.br/3299996746493028 Santos, Álvaro Figueredo dos http://lattes.cnpq.br/1181199965618168 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Poletto, Igor |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Fusarium oxysporum F. solani Nutrientes Luminosidade Bioprotetores Nutrients Luminosity Bioprotectors CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
topic |
Fusarium oxysporum F. solani Nutrientes Luminosidade Bioprotetores Nutrients Luminosity Bioprotectors CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
description |
The erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is a species broadly cultivated in southern Brazil and neighboring countries, which leaves and fine branches prepared according to the appropriate method, make the mate or chimarrão , the most popular tea consumed in Brazil and exported everywhere. With the increasing planted area, mainly in the last decade, fitossanitary problems caused by pest and diseases have increased in this crop and among them, the root-rot is becoming one of the main ones. The disease is caused by Fusarium spp., besides Pythium sp. and Rhizoctonia sp. and, it causes serious damages to the roots, causing, in most serious cases, death of the plant. With the suspicion that the incidence and disease severity are influenced by cultivation methods and management practices, such as mineral fertilizers application without technical criteria or no fertilizers, lime application and erva-mate cultivation at full sun, experiments were conducted in the Forest Nursery area belonging to Forest Sciences Department of the Federal University Santa Maria with the objective of confirming these assumptions. The first experiment was conducted in a factorial design (4 x 3 x 4) composed by Fusarium spp. inoculation, by lime application and by NPK fertilization. The second experiment was conducted in a factorial design (2 x 5), composed by Fusarium spp. inoculation and by shading levels. The use of commercial bioprotectors containing antagonistic organisms to Fusarium spp. has given satisfactory results in some patossystems. Therefore, in the conduction of a third experiment, in a factorial design (4 x 4), Fusarium spp. inoculation and the efficiency of commercial products for biological control was tested. It was verified that the lime application, combined with large fertilizer doses, compromised the development of the erva-mate plants, besides turning them more susceptible to Fusarium spp. The availability of nutrients also influenced the fungic population of the soil. In the same way, plants submitted to cower shading levels or full sun had its development compromised and were more susceptible to the disease. The use of commercial bioprotectors was not efficient in the conditions of this experiment. |
publishDate |
2008 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2008-06-18 2008-06-18 2008-02-20 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
POLETTO, Igor. Nutrition, shading and biological antagonism in root-rot control of erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill). 2008. 123 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8629 |
identifier_str_mv |
POLETTO, Igor. Nutrition, shading and biological antagonism in root-rot control of erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hill). 2008. 123 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2008. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8629 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria BR Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria BR Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
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1805922035621167104 |