Estrutura e funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28873 |
Resumo: | The soil structure and the porous system are essential for the soil to perform its environmental functions. The use of cover crops can be a useful tool for improving the functionality of the soil due to the contribution of carbon to the soil and root growth of crops. Thus, the objective of this work is to evaluate whether the use of cover crops influences the soil structure and the soil porous system functionality. For this, six treatments were evaluated: Bare soil - SD; Forage peanuts - AF; Pensacola grass - GP; Spontaneous vegetation - VE; Black oat + Radish (winter) and Cowpea beans (summer) – AN+F; Black oats + Vetch (winter) and Cowpea beans (summer) – AE+F. An experiment implemented in 2016 in the experimental area of the Soil Department of the Federal University of Santa Maria, in an Hapludalf. Three studies were carried out: in the first study, the soil structure was evaluated through the use of ultrassonic energy. Soil samples were collected in the 0 to 0,05 m layer and applied energies of 0.75; 1.5; 3; 6; 12; 18; 24 and 32 J ml-1. In the second study, the state and functionality of the soil porous system were evaluated through analyzes of soil density, total porosity, soil microporosity and macroporosity and evaluation of airflow in different soil water contents. In the third study, the formation of macropores by different cover crops and the relationship between macroporosity and soil air flows were evaluated. For the studies two and three, samples were collected in the layers of 0 - 0.08 and 0.1 - 0.18 m in depth in PVC rings with 0.095 m diameter by 0.08 m height. The root system and the carbon input by cover crops improved soil aggregation. The AF and GP treatments showed lower dispersion and soil disaggregation index. The AF treatment reduced soil density and improved soil air flows in relation to SD. Maintaining SD reduces the functionality of the soil porous system in the topsoil. The AF treatment showed the highest volume of macropores evaluated using X-ray Computed Tomography. The air flows that occur in the soil are macroporosity dependent in the soil. |
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Estrutura e funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de coberturaStructure and flow of water and air in systems with cover cropsEstrutura do soloSistema porosoPlantas de coberturaMacroporosidade do soloSoil structurePorous systemCover cropsSoil macroporosityCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOThe soil structure and the porous system are essential for the soil to perform its environmental functions. The use of cover crops can be a useful tool for improving the functionality of the soil due to the contribution of carbon to the soil and root growth of crops. Thus, the objective of this work is to evaluate whether the use of cover crops influences the soil structure and the soil porous system functionality. For this, six treatments were evaluated: Bare soil - SD; Forage peanuts - AF; Pensacola grass - GP; Spontaneous vegetation - VE; Black oat + Radish (winter) and Cowpea beans (summer) – AN+F; Black oats + Vetch (winter) and Cowpea beans (summer) – AE+F. An experiment implemented in 2016 in the experimental area of the Soil Department of the Federal University of Santa Maria, in an Hapludalf. Three studies were carried out: in the first study, the soil structure was evaluated through the use of ultrassonic energy. Soil samples were collected in the 0 to 0,05 m layer and applied energies of 0.75; 1.5; 3; 6; 12; 18; 24 and 32 J ml-1. In the second study, the state and functionality of the soil porous system were evaluated through analyzes of soil density, total porosity, soil microporosity and macroporosity and evaluation of airflow in different soil water contents. In the third study, the formation of macropores by different cover crops and the relationship between macroporosity and soil air flows were evaluated. For the studies two and three, samples were collected in the layers of 0 - 0.08 and 0.1 - 0.18 m in depth in PVC rings with 0.095 m diameter by 0.08 m height. The root system and the carbon input by cover crops improved soil aggregation. The AF and GP treatments showed lower dispersion and soil disaggregation index. The AF treatment reduced soil density and improved soil air flows in relation to SD. Maintaining SD reduces the functionality of the soil porous system in the topsoil. The AF treatment showed the highest volume of macropores evaluated using X-ray Computed Tomography. The air flows that occur in the soil are macroporosity dependent in the soil.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESA estrutura do solo e o sistema poroso são essenciais para que o solo desempenhe as suas funções ambientais. O uso de plantas de cobertura pode ser uma ferramenta útil para a melhoria da funcionalidade do solo devido ao aporte de carbono ao solo e ao crescimento radicular das culturas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar se o uso de plantas de cobertura influencia na estrutura do solo e na funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo. Para isso, seis tratamentos foram avaliados: Solo desnudo - SD; Amendoim forrageiro - AF; Grama pensacola - GP; Vegetação espontânea - VE; Aveia preta + Nabo forrageiro (Inverno) e feijão caupi (Verão) – AN+F; Aveia preta + Ervilhaca (Inverno) e Feijão caupi (Verão) – AE+F. Foi utilizado um experimento implantado em 2016 na área experimental do Departamento de Solos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, em um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico abrúptico. Foram realizados três estudos: no primeiro estudo avaliou-se a estrutura do solo através do uso de energia ultrassônica. Para isso, foram coletadas amostras de solo na camada de 0 a 5 cm e aplicadas energias de 0,75; 1,5; 3; 6; 12; 18; 24 e 32 J ml-1 . No segundo estudo avaliou-se o estado e a funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo através de análises de densididade do solo, porosidade total, microporosidade e macroporosidade do solo e avaliação do fluxo de ar em diferentes conteúdos de água no solo. No terceiro estudo foi avaliada a formação de macroporos por diferentes plantas de cobertura e a relação da macroporosidade com os fluxos de ar no solo. Para estes dois estudos foram coletadas amostras nas camadas de 0 - 0,08 e 0,1 - 0,18 m de profundidade em anéis de PVC com 0,095 m de diâmetro por 0,08 m de altura. O sistema radicular e o aporte de carbono pelas plantas de cobertura melhorou a agregação do solo. Os tratamentos AF e GP apresentaram menor índice de dispersão e de desagregação do solo. O tratamento AF reduziu a densidade do solo e melhorou os fluxos de ar no solo em relação ao SD. A manutenção de SD reduz a funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo na camada superficial do solo. O tratamento AF apresentou o maior volume de macroporos avaliados através do uso de Tomografia Computadorizada de Raio-X. Os fluxos de ar que ocorrem no solo são dependentes da macroporosidade do solo.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilAgronomiaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloCentro de Ciências RuraisReinert, Dalvan Joséhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0341150684713995Silva, Vanderlei Rodrigues daCollares, Gilberto LoguercioSecco, DeonirKoppe, EzequielMallmann, Micael Stolben2023-04-28T18:27:17Z2023-04-28T18:27:17Z2021-08-31info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28873porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2023-04-28T18:27:17Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/28873Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2023-04-28T18:27:17Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Estrutura e funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura Structure and flow of water and air in systems with cover crops |
title |
Estrutura e funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
spellingShingle |
Estrutura e funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura Mallmann, Micael Stolben Estrutura do solo Sistema poroso Plantas de cobertura Macroporosidade do solo Soil structure Porous system Cover crops Soil macroporosity CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Estrutura e funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
title_full |
Estrutura e funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
title_fullStr |
Estrutura e funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
title_full_unstemmed |
Estrutura e funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
title_sort |
Estrutura e funcionalidade do sistema poroso do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
author |
Mallmann, Micael Stolben |
author_facet |
Mallmann, Micael Stolben |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Reinert, Dalvan José http://lattes.cnpq.br/0341150684713995 Silva, Vanderlei Rodrigues da Collares, Gilberto Loguercio Secco, Deonir Koppe, Ezequiel |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Mallmann, Micael Stolben |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Estrutura do solo Sistema poroso Plantas de cobertura Macroporosidade do solo Soil structure Porous system Cover crops Soil macroporosity CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
topic |
Estrutura do solo Sistema poroso Plantas de cobertura Macroporosidade do solo Soil structure Porous system Cover crops Soil macroporosity CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
The soil structure and the porous system are essential for the soil to perform its environmental functions. The use of cover crops can be a useful tool for improving the functionality of the soil due to the contribution of carbon to the soil and root growth of crops. Thus, the objective of this work is to evaluate whether the use of cover crops influences the soil structure and the soil porous system functionality. For this, six treatments were evaluated: Bare soil - SD; Forage peanuts - AF; Pensacola grass - GP; Spontaneous vegetation - VE; Black oat + Radish (winter) and Cowpea beans (summer) – AN+F; Black oats + Vetch (winter) and Cowpea beans (summer) – AE+F. An experiment implemented in 2016 in the experimental area of the Soil Department of the Federal University of Santa Maria, in an Hapludalf. Three studies were carried out: in the first study, the soil structure was evaluated through the use of ultrassonic energy. Soil samples were collected in the 0 to 0,05 m layer and applied energies of 0.75; 1.5; 3; 6; 12; 18; 24 and 32 J ml-1. In the second study, the state and functionality of the soil porous system were evaluated through analyzes of soil density, total porosity, soil microporosity and macroporosity and evaluation of airflow in different soil water contents. In the third study, the formation of macropores by different cover crops and the relationship between macroporosity and soil air flows were evaluated. For the studies two and three, samples were collected in the layers of 0 - 0.08 and 0.1 - 0.18 m in depth in PVC rings with 0.095 m diameter by 0.08 m height. The root system and the carbon input by cover crops improved soil aggregation. The AF and GP treatments showed lower dispersion and soil disaggregation index. The AF treatment reduced soil density and improved soil air flows in relation to SD. Maintaining SD reduces the functionality of the soil porous system in the topsoil. The AF treatment showed the highest volume of macropores evaluated using X-ray Computed Tomography. The air flows that occur in the soil are macroporosity dependent in the soil. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-08-31 2023-04-28T18:27:17Z 2023-04-28T18:27:17Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28873 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28873 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo Centro de Ciências Rurais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922032009871360 |