Protective effect of soybean oil- or fish oil-rich diets on allergic airway inflammation

• Autor(a) principal: Navarro-Xavier, Roberta Araujo [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Outros Autores: de Barros, Karina Vieira [UNIFESP], de Andrade, Iracema Senna [UNIFESP], Palomino, Zaira [UNIFESP], Casarini, Dulce Elena [UNIFESP], Flor Silveira, Vera Lucia [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/46096; http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S102221
• topic: asthma; nitric oxide; n-6 fatty acids; n-3 fatty acids; cytokines; lipoxin A4; bradykininPolyunsaturated Fatty-Acids; Nitric-Oxide Synthesis; Lipoxin A(4); Up-Regulation; Asthma-Treatment; In-Vivo; Bradykinin; Receptor; Rats; Hyperresponsiveness

Background: The increased prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases in westernized societies has been associated with increased intake of diets rich in n-6 fatty acids (FAs) and poor in n-3 FAs. This study aimed to analyze the prophylactic effects of treatment with a soybean oil-rich diet (rich in n-6) or fish oil (rich in n-3) in an allergic airway inflammation model on lung inflammation score, leukocyte migration, T-helper cell (Th)-2 (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5) and Th1 (interferon [IFN]-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha) cytokines, lipoxin A4, nitric oxide, bradykinin, and corticosterone levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or lungs. Methods: Male Wistar rats fed with soybean oil-or fish oil-rich diet or standard rat chow were sensitized twice with ovalbumin-alumen and challenged twice with ovalbumin aerosol. The BAL and lungs were examined 24 hours later. Results: Both diets, rich in n-6 or n-3 FAs, impaired the allergic lung inflammation and reduced leukocyte migration, eosinophil and neutrophil percentages, and IL-4/IL-5/bradykinin levels in BAL and/or lungs, as well as increased the nitric oxide levels in BAL. The soybean oil-rich diet additionally increased the levels of lipoxin A4 and corticosterone in the lungs. Conclusion: Data presented demonstrated that the n-6 FA-rich diet had protective effect upon allergic airway inflammation and was as anti-inflammatory as the n-3 FA-rich diet, although through different mechanisms, suggesting that both diets could be considered as complementary therapy or a prophylactic alternative for allergic airway inflammation.