Resfriamento artificial de carvão vegetal em fornos de alvenaria

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Ivanildo da Silva dos
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/749
• topic: Resfriamento artificial; Carvão vegetal; Fornos de alvenaria; Artificial cooling; Charcoal; Carbonization furnaces; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA

The domestic steel industry has met 21.6% of its energy needs by consuming 84.8% of charcoal production. Part of this production, from planted forests, has increased in recent years and the artificial cooling process of carbonization furnaces emerges to reduce costs and time in the production process. Methodologies of cooling have being researched for the carbonization process, but without the assessment of factors that may influence the quality of charcoal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a cooling process of furnace containing charcoal, using a heat exchanger for cooling the gases present inside the furnace. The aim of this work was specifically to analyze the influence of the gas flow (present inside the furnace) through the mass of charcoal in final product quality. To investigate the thermal and physical properties of produced charcoal, and propose design methodology for cooling systems for carbonization furnaces of charcoal. During the cooling process, 4 flows were evaluated in three replicates. The heat exchanger promoted reductions in cooling time of 50%, 57% and 63% for the flows of 0.108 m3 m-2 s-1, 0.060 m3 m-2 s-1, and 0.034 m3 m-2 s-1, respectively. It was observed for the higher flows, the occurrence of burning charcoal near the exit of the gases, resulting in an increase of cooling time. For flows adopted, it was found that there was no significant difference between treatment and control (flow 0), in the parameters of quality of charcoal, producing charcoal with desirable characteristics for consumption. Finally, it is suggested that in the design of heat exchangers, the pressure difference between the suction and injection of the gases in the furnace, does not provide infiltration of atmospheric air into the furnace.