Comportamento e morfologia das operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) envolvidas na manipulação de lixo das colônias
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2008 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV |
Texto Completo: | http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/858 |
Resumo: | This was a three-parts research, conducted in Insectary of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), in the Laboratory of Mycorrhizal Associations (UFV) and also in the Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Biophysics (UFV). The species of leaf-cutting ant used was Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel. In the first work, it was verified that when waste workers and foragers are put on the fungus garden, the first ones receive more grooming, they were more inspected and immobilized by the nestmates of the fungus garden. Such behaviors did not differ among colonies that had the waste artificially contaminated by spores of Escovopsis weberi Muchovej & Della Lucia and the ones that were not contaminated. The behaviors of grooming, inspection and immobilization can represent behavioral strategies to avoid the contamination of the colony by the garbage. The behavior of self-grooming was similar in waste workers and foragers when put on the fungus garden and it did not differ in contaminated colonies and no-contaminated colonies. There was not aggressiveness by workers of the fungus garden towards the waste workers and foragers. In rare occasions, hostility was observed. It was also more intense towards waste workers and in non-contaminated colonies. The microbial analysis of body surface in the waste workers and gardeners of the non-contaminated colonies by E. weberi revealed the presence of Trichoderma, an antagonist of the fungus garden, among other saprophytes and pathogens of plants. It was verified that 83,28% of the workers of the waste are not confined to that compartment; they could move freely through out the colony. In the second part of the research, it was verified that tasks as the care inside the garden are frequent throughout the workers' life, in spite of their decrease in occurrence in the last weeks of these ant s life. The foraging activities also occurred during the whole period of the workers' life, becoming more frequent at the end of their lifespan. Therefore, the workers present age polyethism in relation to the tasks inside the fungus garden and to the foraging. On the other hand, the work in the garbage occurs during the lifetime of the waste workers, being more frequent in their first weeks of life. Likewise, the age polyethism does not apply to the tasks related to the waste of the colony. It was verified also, that the predominant caste, in number of workers, in the waste chamber of the colony was the gardeners followed by the generalists, foragers and soldiers. It was also verified that waste workers are capable of taking care of the fungus garden, however, the frequency of this care is lower than that by the workers that usually work in that site. Waste workers exhibited brood care and foraging similar to those of non-waste workers. However, with respect to the waste, the frequency of waste workers working in the garbage chamber was higher than that of the other workers. Therefore, waste workers are able to engage in the several tasks of the colony. In the third bioassay, it was verified that waste workers, waste transporters and foragers had larger volume of the reservoir of the metapleural gland, which produces antibiotics, than workers of the fungus garden of same size. The reservoir volume of the gland did not differ among the first three castes. The relationship nucleus-cytoplasm as well as the area of surface of the bulla of the metapleural gland did not differ among the four classes of workers. It was concluded that the workers, that perform tasks outside of the colony, which are exposed more intensely to the risks of parasitism, are morphologically better equipped, since they possess more developed metapleural gland. |
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Lacerda, Fabrícia Gonçalveshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766936H0Campos, Lúcio Antonio de Oliveirahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783908P9Kasuya, Maria Catarina Megumihttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721444T5Lúcia, Terezinha Maria Castro Dellahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783306E2Moino Junior, Alcideshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4784404Y9Araújo, Márcio da Silvahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4723443H62015-03-26T12:35:47Z2009-03-182015-03-26T12:35:47Z2008-07-31LACERDA, Fabrícia Gonçalves. Behavior and morphology of the Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers involved in the manipulation of waste of the colonies. 2008. 90 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2008.http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/858This was a three-parts research, conducted in Insectary of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), in the Laboratory of Mycorrhizal Associations (UFV) and also in the Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Biophysics (UFV). The species of leaf-cutting ant used was Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel. In the first work, it was verified that when waste workers and foragers are put on the fungus garden, the first ones receive more grooming, they were more inspected and immobilized by the nestmates of the fungus garden. Such behaviors did not differ among colonies that had the waste artificially contaminated by spores of Escovopsis weberi Muchovej & Della Lucia and the ones that were not contaminated. The behaviors of grooming, inspection and immobilization can represent behavioral strategies to avoid the contamination of the colony by the garbage. The behavior of self-grooming was similar in waste workers and foragers when put on the fungus garden and it did not differ in contaminated colonies and no-contaminated colonies. There was not aggressiveness by workers of the fungus garden towards the waste workers and foragers. In rare occasions, hostility was observed. It was also more intense towards waste workers and in non-contaminated colonies. The microbial analysis of body surface in the waste workers and gardeners of the non-contaminated colonies by E. weberi revealed the presence of Trichoderma, an antagonist of the fungus garden, among other saprophytes and pathogens of plants. It was verified that 83,28% of the workers of the waste are not confined to that compartment; they could move freely through out the colony. In the second part of the research, it was verified that tasks as the care inside the garden are frequent throughout the workers' life, in spite of their decrease in occurrence in the last weeks of these ant s life. The foraging activities also occurred during the whole period of the workers' life, becoming more frequent at the end of their lifespan. Therefore, the workers present age polyethism in relation to the tasks inside the fungus garden and to the foraging. On the other hand, the work in the garbage occurs during the lifetime of the waste workers, being more frequent in their first weeks of life. Likewise, the age polyethism does not apply to the tasks related to the waste of the colony. It was verified also, that the predominant caste, in number of workers, in the waste chamber of the colony was the gardeners followed by the generalists, foragers and soldiers. It was also verified that waste workers are capable of taking care of the fungus garden, however, the frequency of this care is lower than that by the workers that usually work in that site. Waste workers exhibited brood care and foraging similar to those of non-waste workers. However, with respect to the waste, the frequency of waste workers working in the garbage chamber was higher than that of the other workers. Therefore, waste workers are able to engage in the several tasks of the colony. In the third bioassay, it was verified that waste workers, waste transporters and foragers had larger volume of the reservoir of the metapleural gland, which produces antibiotics, than workers of the fungus garden of same size. The reservoir volume of the gland did not differ among the first three castes. The relationship nucleus-cytoplasm as well as the area of surface of the bulla of the metapleural gland did not differ among the four classes of workers. It was concluded that the workers, that perform tasks outside of the colony, which are exposed more intensely to the risks of parasitism, are morphologically better equipped, since they possess more developed metapleural gland.O presente estudo é constituído por três partes, sendo os experimentos realizados no Insetário da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), no Laboratório de Associações Micorrízicas/ Bioagro/DMB (UFV) e também no Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Biofísica (UFV). Em todos os trabalhos, a subespécie de formiga cortadeira utilizada foi Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel. No primeiro trabalho, constatou-se que quando operárias lixeiras e forrageadoras são colocadas sobre o jardim de fungo, as primeiras recebem mais grooming (limpeza), além de serem mais inspecionadas e imobilizadas pelas companheiras de ninho do jardim; tais comportamentos não diferiram entre colônias que tiveram o lixo contaminado por esporos de Escovopsis weberi e as que não foram contaminadas. Os comportamentos de grooming , inspeção e imobilização podem representar estratégias comportamentais para evitar a contaminação da colônia a partir do lixo. O comportamento de self-grooming (auto-limpeza) foi semelhante em lixeiras e forrageadoras quando colocadas sobre o jardim e não diferiu em colônias contaminadas e sem contaminação. Não houve comportamento de agressividade das operárias do jardim em relação às lixeiras e forrageadoras; ocorreu apenas hostilidade, em raras ocasiões, a qual foi também mais intensa em relação às lixeiras e em colônias não-contaminadas. A análise microbiana realizada na superfície corpórea das operárias do lixo e jardim de fungo das colônias nãocontaminadas por E. weberi revelou a presença de Trichoderma, um antagonista do jardim de fungo, dentre outros fungos saprófitas e fitopatógenos. Constatou-se, ainda, que 83,28% das operárias do lixo não ficam confinadas a esse compartimento, podendo transitar livremente pela colônia. No segundo trabalho, constatou-se que tarefas como o cuidado no interior do jardim são freqüentes no decorrer da vida das operárias, apesar de declinarem em termos de ocorrência nas últimas semanas de vida dessas. As atividades de forrageamento também ocorrem durante todo o período de vida das operárias, tornando-se mais freqüentes no final da vida dessas operárias. Portanto, as operárias apresentam polietismo etário em relação às tarefas no interior do jardim de fungo e ao forrageamento. Já o trabalho no lixo pelas operárias ocorre durante toda a vida delas, sendo mais freqüente nas primeiras semanas de vida. Assim, o polietismo etário não se aplica às tarefas relacionadas ao lixo da colônia. Verificou-se, também, que a casta predominante, em número de operárias, no compartimento de lixo da colônia foi a das jardineiras seguida pelas generalistas, forrageadoras e soldados. Constatou-se, ainda, que operárias do lixo são capazes de cuidarem do jardim de fungo, entretanto, a freqüência de cuidados é menor que a das as operárias que trabalham normalmente nesse compartimento. Operárias lixeiras exibiram cuidado com a prole e forrageamento semelhantes ao das operárias não-lixeiras. Entretanto, em relação às atividades do lixo, a freqüência de lixeiras trabalhando no compartimento de lixo foi maior do que a das não-lixeiras. Portanto, operárias lixeiras são capazes de se engajar nas diversas tarefas da colônia. No terceiro trabalho, constatou-se que operárias lixeiras, transportadoras de lixo e forrageadoras apresentaram maior volume do reservatório da glândula metapleural, produtora de antibióticos, do que operárias do jardim de mesmo tamanho; esse volume não diferiu entre essas três primeiras castas. A relação núcleo- citoplasma bem como a área de superfície da bula não diferiu entre as quatro classes de operárias avaliadas. Concluiu-se que as operárias, que trabalham no exterior da colônia, as quais se expõem mais intensamente aos riscos de parasitismo, encontram-se mais bem equipadas morfologicamente, uma vez que possuem glândula metapleural mais desenvolvida.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de ViçosaDoutorado em EntomologiaUFVBRCiência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológicaAntibióticosFormigas cortadeirasLixoPatógenosGlândula metapleuralAntibioticsLeaf-cutting antsWastePathogensMetapleural glandCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADEComportamento e morfologia das operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) envolvidas na manipulação de lixo das colôniasBehavior and morphology of the Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers involved in the manipulation of waste of the coloniesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINALtexto completo.pdfapplication/pdf357922https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/858/1/texto%20completo.pdf976fc400ab9db3d0b4266bc35db061a2MD51TEXTtexto completo.pdf.txttexto completo.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain155380https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/858/2/texto%20completo.pdf.txt424da7c964ffce71bc06d9a472815330MD52THUMBNAILtexto completo.pdf.jpgtexto completo.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3648https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/858/3/texto%20completo.pdf.jpg6213686da6656a06e756cfa4feee4c42MD53123456789/8582016-04-06 23:18:40.474oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/858Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452016-04-07T02:18:40LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Comportamento e morfologia das operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) envolvidas na manipulação de lixo das colônias |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Behavior and morphology of the Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers involved in the manipulation of waste of the colonies |
title |
Comportamento e morfologia das operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) envolvidas na manipulação de lixo das colônias |
spellingShingle |
Comportamento e morfologia das operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) envolvidas na manipulação de lixo das colônias Lacerda, Fabrícia Gonçalves Antibióticos Formigas cortadeiras Lixo Patógenos Glândula metapleural Antibiotics Leaf-cutting ants Waste Pathogens Metapleural gland CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE |
title_short |
Comportamento e morfologia das operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) envolvidas na manipulação de lixo das colônias |
title_full |
Comportamento e morfologia das operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) envolvidas na manipulação de lixo das colônias |
title_fullStr |
Comportamento e morfologia das operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) envolvidas na manipulação de lixo das colônias |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comportamento e morfologia das operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) envolvidas na manipulação de lixo das colônias |
title_sort |
Comportamento e morfologia das operárias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) envolvidas na manipulação de lixo das colônias |
author |
Lacerda, Fabrícia Gonçalves |
author_facet |
Lacerda, Fabrícia Gonçalves |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.por.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766936H0 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Lacerda, Fabrícia Gonçalves |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Campos, Lúcio Antonio de Oliveira |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783908P9 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv |
Kasuya, Maria Catarina Megumi |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4721444T5 |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Lúcia, Terezinha Maria Castro Della |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783306E2 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Moino Junior, Alcides |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4784404Y9 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Araújo, Márcio da Silva |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4723443H6 |
contributor_str_mv |
Campos, Lúcio Antonio de Oliveira Kasuya, Maria Catarina Megumi Lúcia, Terezinha Maria Castro Della Moino Junior, Alcides Araújo, Márcio da Silva |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Antibióticos Formigas cortadeiras Lixo Patógenos Glândula metapleural |
topic |
Antibióticos Formigas cortadeiras Lixo Patógenos Glândula metapleural Antibiotics Leaf-cutting ants Waste Pathogens Metapleural gland CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Antibiotics Leaf-cutting ants Waste Pathogens Metapleural gland |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE |
description |
This was a three-parts research, conducted in Insectary of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), in the Laboratory of Mycorrhizal Associations (UFV) and also in the Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Biophysics (UFV). The species of leaf-cutting ant used was Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel. In the first work, it was verified that when waste workers and foragers are put on the fungus garden, the first ones receive more grooming, they were more inspected and immobilized by the nestmates of the fungus garden. Such behaviors did not differ among colonies that had the waste artificially contaminated by spores of Escovopsis weberi Muchovej & Della Lucia and the ones that were not contaminated. The behaviors of grooming, inspection and immobilization can represent behavioral strategies to avoid the contamination of the colony by the garbage. The behavior of self-grooming was similar in waste workers and foragers when put on the fungus garden and it did not differ in contaminated colonies and no-contaminated colonies. There was not aggressiveness by workers of the fungus garden towards the waste workers and foragers. In rare occasions, hostility was observed. It was also more intense towards waste workers and in non-contaminated colonies. The microbial analysis of body surface in the waste workers and gardeners of the non-contaminated colonies by E. weberi revealed the presence of Trichoderma, an antagonist of the fungus garden, among other saprophytes and pathogens of plants. It was verified that 83,28% of the workers of the waste are not confined to that compartment; they could move freely through out the colony. In the second part of the research, it was verified that tasks as the care inside the garden are frequent throughout the workers' life, in spite of their decrease in occurrence in the last weeks of these ant s life. The foraging activities also occurred during the whole period of the workers' life, becoming more frequent at the end of their lifespan. Therefore, the workers present age polyethism in relation to the tasks inside the fungus garden and to the foraging. On the other hand, the work in the garbage occurs during the lifetime of the waste workers, being more frequent in their first weeks of life. Likewise, the age polyethism does not apply to the tasks related to the waste of the colony. It was verified also, that the predominant caste, in number of workers, in the waste chamber of the colony was the gardeners followed by the generalists, foragers and soldiers. It was also verified that waste workers are capable of taking care of the fungus garden, however, the frequency of this care is lower than that by the workers that usually work in that site. Waste workers exhibited brood care and foraging similar to those of non-waste workers. However, with respect to the waste, the frequency of waste workers working in the garbage chamber was higher than that of the other workers. Therefore, waste workers are able to engage in the several tasks of the colony. In the third bioassay, it was verified that waste workers, waste transporters and foragers had larger volume of the reservoir of the metapleural gland, which produces antibiotics, than workers of the fungus garden of same size. The reservoir volume of the gland did not differ among the first three castes. The relationship nucleus-cytoplasm as well as the area of surface of the bulla of the metapleural gland did not differ among the four classes of workers. It was concluded that the workers, that perform tasks outside of the colony, which are exposed more intensely to the risks of parasitism, are morphologically better equipped, since they possess more developed metapleural gland. |
publishDate |
2008 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2008-07-31 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2009-03-18 2015-03-26T12:35:47Z |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2015-03-26T12:35:47Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
LACERDA, Fabrícia Gonçalves. Behavior and morphology of the Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers involved in the manipulation of waste of the colonies. 2008. 90 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2008. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/858 |
identifier_str_mv |
LACERDA, Fabrícia Gonçalves. Behavior and morphology of the Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers involved in the manipulation of waste of the colonies. 2008. 90 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológica) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 2008. |
url |
http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/858 |
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por |
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por |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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Doutorado em Entomologia |
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UFV |
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BR |
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Ciência entomológica; Tecnologia entomológica |
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa |
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