Competitividade da produção do café arábica em Minas Gerais e São Paulo

• Autor(a) principal: Moss, Sara Rezende
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/79
• topic: Café; Competitividade; Políticas implementadas; Coffee; Competitivity; Implemented policies; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIAS AGRARIA E DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS::ECONOMIA AGRARIA

This study objectified to analyze the efficiency and the competitiveness of the production of Arabic coffee in States of Minas Gerais and São Paulo, in the period from 1990 to 2001. The competitiveness in those States is evaluated with base in the production systems studied that, in spite of the great geographical proximity, they were shown different in the structure of costs and productivity levels. Among the factors that motivated that analysis, stands out the position loss in the world market, the relative importance of the coffee for the Brazilian export and for the employment generation and national revenue. Therefore, the analysis of those two systems can destine politics that seek to turn the most efficient production, increasing the Brazilian competitiveness in the international market and contributing to the conquest of new market portions. The theory used in this work is based in the economic concepts related with profitability, social and deprived costs of factors, competitiveness of production systems and commercial politics. The analytical principles of those concepts were based on the Theory of the Firm and in the Theory of the International Trade. The instrumental used in this analysis was the Political Analysis Matrix (PAM), and the secondary data were obtained of several institutions as Agrianual, publications of the Institute of Applied Economy and a cooperative of coffee grower of the south of Minas Gerais. The analyzed period was chosen by the fact of being a replete decade of important events for the coffee activity, such as the liberalization of the market in 1990, the Real Plan implantation, in 1994, and subsequent exchange depreciation, in 1999. For the obtained results, it is ended that the State of Minas Gerais is more efficient and competitive, in the first two studied quadrienniums, in spite of being more pained by the public politics adopted for the coffee section. With relationship to Real Plan, it is ended that this brought positive effects for the two areas, since there were increase of the revenues and profitability, in two States, in spite of the increase of the financial transfers of the producers for the society. It is noticed a scenery change after the exchange depreciation, with the State of São Paulo turning more efficient and competitive, comparatively Minas Gerais. That scenery change can have been consequence of the coffee crisis in 1998, when the supply overcame the demand and the prices dropped, or of the implantation of the Complementary Law n° 87 (Kandir Law), that turned the ICMS on input and capital goods and the social responsibilities on payroll was responsible for burden the productive costs, being its values specified differently at each place. Thus, it can be said that Minas Gerais needs a larger revision in its tributary system if compared São Paulo, and São Paulo needs a larger incentive to the production, for productivity increase and profitability, and like this, efficiency and competitiveness, if compared Minas Gerais. Measures, these, that should be taken by the government.