Avaliação técnica e de custos da utilização do óleo de pinhão-manso em trator agrícola

• Autor(a) principal: Siqueira, Wagner da Cunha
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/741
• topic: Ensaio; Óleos vegetais; Tratores; Test; Vegetable oils; Tractors; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA

The use of vegetable oils in nature may be feasible, taking a few precautions and making some adjustments to the engine in order to improve the fuel injection or mixed with diesel oil in proportions that should be studied. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to Technical evaluation and cost of using jatropha oil in agricultural tractor. To carry out the evaluations were used mixtures of OD with OPM in the proportions: 100% OPM; 25% OD e 75% OPM; 50% OD e 50% OPM; 75% OD e 25% OPM; 100% OD. The study is to determine the density and temperature of the mixed OD and OPM on the fuel supply system, the Viscosity Index and calorific value of the different mixtures used. We analyzed the water content, acid value, sulphated ash and oxidative stability of different mixtures used. Through dynamometer tests evaluated the performance of the tractor, working with the different fuel mixtures through a test in making power (TDP) determining curves of horsepower, torque, fuel consumption and specific fuel consumption, depending on the engine speed. After performance analysis was conducted the analysis of the hourly cost of tractor replacement of diesel oil in the fuel mixture. The main conclusions of this work were: Occurs a tendency to reduce system temperature fuel supply as it increases the concentration of OPM. When the temperature was raised to 90 °C the viscosity of all mixtures tested, tended to approach the viscosity range required by ANP n° 7 and 2008. The power calorific value closer to that of diesel oil was found to mix with porportions with of 75% OD and 25% OPM. To the water content, only the mixtures containing proportions of 75% OD and 25% OPM and 100% OD met the threshold value established by ANP No. 7, 2008. The jatropha oil used had index values of acidity above the limit established by ANP n° 7 of 2008. The mixtures analyzed showed sulphated ash values within the allowable limit, according to ANP Resolution n°. 7 of 2008 . The oxidative stability did not follow an order of increasing values when increasing the OD mixed with OPM. The maximum found, 31.93 kW, was found in the mixture with a proportions of 25% OD and 75% OPM. The change of fuel caused variation in the specific consumption and engine torque. For all mixtures studied, the torque reserve was 1,75%, keeping the bad rating As it increases the load applied and the increasing concentration of the mixtures OPM, a decrease values (cost) showing a savings in cost over five years of useful life of the tractor.