A importância de remanescentes de Mata Atlântica na ocorrência dos Muriquis (Brachyteles hypoxanthus E. Geoffroy) no Estado do Espírito Santo

• Autor(a) principal: Teixeira, Ricardo Nogueira Cupertino
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/2483
• topic: Fitossociologia; Brachyteles hypoxanthus; Conservação; Mata Atlântica; Phytossociology; Brachyteles hypoxanthus conservation; Atlantic Rainforest; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA

Espirito Santo (Brazil) highland area presents forest remainders of exuberant beauty, with fauna and flora of high relevance to the conservation. In these forests, the threatened Brachyteles hypoxanthus (herbivore and arboricol primate, endemic of highlands mountain ranges of the Atlantic Rain Forest in Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo and Bahia States) can still be found. It can be found in private country properties, particularly in the city of Santa Maria de Jetibá, where some groups of these primates have been discovered since 2000. An assay on possible floristic and phytossociological variations existing in this primate habitat in these forest fragments was considered. Twelve forest stretches in two fragments were sampled (F1 and F2), and only one presented the muriquis monkeys in their forests (F1). Information on the feeding sources of Brachyteles spp. has been gathered by means of literature revision (a), personal field observations and food sources markings in the F1 made by the IPEMA (b). Tracks of 250 m were opened on mount tops, hillsides and ravines, setting up ten quadratic parcels (10 m x 10 m) sequentially 15 m distant in each stretch of studied vegetation, including all the individuals with bigger than 15 cm CAP. 346 arboreal and two arborescents species were identified among 2748 alive trees in a total of 1,17 hectare sampled. The Index of Shannon was 5,16 nats for individual and the basal area accumulated 40,6 m2/ha., a context that indicates a situation of primary forest in the local places, even having a discontinuous canopy, indications of selective cut and recent natural disturbances. The average height of the canopy was of 13 m for the sample, however F1 presented a canopy higher than F2 (situated in a more elevated altitude), with emergent trees of up to 35 m. Twenty of the collected species are feeding sources of B. hypoxanthus in F1 (b) and the other 24, of local occurrence, show register of their use in other areas of the Atlantic Forest. Some feeding sources occur with high abundance, while others have been observed only in the superior or emergent stratum. The similarity of Jaccard varied between 17 % and 45 % among the six relief blocks, which demonstrates a high diversity beta for distances relatively so small. The feeding species of B. hypoxanthus are well represented in the locality, having a great necessity of good projects that promote the conservation of the existing genetic resources in the forests remainders of biodiversity in the Highland Area of the Espirito Santo, a sui generis repository of the highest biological importance.