Produtividade total dos fatores e crescimento econômico na agropecuária brasileira: 1970-2006

• Autor(a) principal: Mendes, Giovanna Miranda
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/42
• topic: Produtividade; Crescimento econômico; Agropecuária; Método dos Momentos Generalizados; Productivity; Economic growth; Agriculture; Generalized Method of Moments; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIAS AGRARIA E DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS::ECONOMIA AGRARIA

The agriculture sector has grown since the 1980s as a result of the Total Factor Productivity – TFP and use of modern agricultural techniques. However, several studies have obtained significantly low estimates for TFP in the agricultural sector and these distinct results may be a reflection of low investment in infrastructure, education, rural credit, etc… The objective of this work is to determine the agriculture TFP growth rates for Brazil, during 1970-2006. It also aims to analyze the impact of infrastructure, education, and rural credit on TFP and to determine the agriculture production response to capital, labor, and technology (TFP) variation. The Tornqvist Index was used to obtain the TFPs and the Generalized Method of Moments - GMM to verify the impact of infrastructure, education and credit on the TFP and measure the production elasticities of capital, labor, and technology (TFP). The results show that the TFP average growth rate for the Brazilian agriculture is 2.20 % per year. The states of Acre and Mato Grosso present the lowest and highest TFP annual average growth rate, respectively, -0.03% and 8.53%. The variables education, irrigation, credit, and telecommunications present a positive impact on TFP growth rate, suggesting higher investments should be made in these areas. The capital, labor and technology production elasticities are 0.75 for capital, 0.30 for labor and 0.73 for technology (TFP), suggesting the presence of increasing returns to scale. Thus, an increase of 10% in the technology increases production by 7.3% Hence, technology, regardless of the type of returns to scale influences production growth and, consequently, economic growth.