Identificação e efeitos das barreiras não-tarifárias às exportações brasileiras de carne de frango

• Autor(a) principal: Alves, Marcelo de Castro
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
• Texto Completo: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/17
• topic: Barreiras não-tarifárias; Carne de frango; Exportações; Non-tariff barriers; Poultry meat; Exports; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIA INTERNACIONAL

The poultry meat sector in Brazil is undergoing a process of growth and modernization, mainly related to increased export. However, the commercial policies imposed to trade have interfered in this promising scenario. The restrictions imposed on international trade limit export advancement and access to new markets, and reduce competitivity and profitability of the productive agro-industrial chains, such as the national avian chain, which is currently facing problems of infrastructure and low government investment in sanitary control. Thus, it is extremely relevant to study the restrictions imposed as non- tariff barriers (NTB) on the export of Brazilian poultry meat, given the export growth potential and the country s acquired importance in the sector in the last five years. The overall objective of this work was to analyze the effects of the NTBs more commonly applied on domestic poultry meat exports from1996 to 2007. To investigate the NTB effects on Brazilian poultry meat export, a methodology was applied combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. The latter consisted in a multiple case study in loco, to contextualize the issue regarding the identification of the NTBs imposed to the poultry meat export sector. The barriers identified were later used in the quantitative approach involving inventory approach, temporal series exam, transference function and intervention analysis. The results indicate that the main NTBs imposed on Brazilian poultry meat are basically of technical, sanitary and agricultural nature. Evaluation of the market notifications revealed that most were relative to the agreement on Sanitary and Phyto-Sanitary barriers (SPS), that the EU and Japan play an intense role in the sanitary disputes fought at the SPS/OMC Committee and that the main premises of such disputes are related to concerns over food safety and animal health. Analogously, inventory analysis revealed a high degree of protection in the EU markets, involving many tariffs and high export value subjected to these barriers impositions. The events identified as relevant by the Brazilian exporters and that had a significant impact on exports were seven, the most outstanding being: the agricultural inspectors strike, the Avian Flu in the EU and the Newcastle Disease in Rio Grande do Sul. The reductions in the amounts and values exported were relevant, with a short- term impact on and consequent loss for the sector, showing that a better understanding of the NTB s profile and the magnitude of their effects can be the basis for actions aimed at mitigating the losses caused by their imposition.